10 Questions
Which type of cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
Prokaryotic cells
Which type of cells have a more complex cell structure and include plants, animals, and fungi?
Eukaryotic cells
What is the purpose of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
To organize and compartmentalize cellular functions
What do both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have in common?
Cell membrane
What is the genetic material of all cells, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
DNA
Which type of cells have true membrane-bound nucleus with gene regulation?
Eukaryotic cells
What type of DNA structure do prokaryotic cells have?
Single circular chromosome with post-transcriptional processing
Which type of cells have larger ribosomes (80S)?
Eukaryotic cells
Which type of cells have cell walls made of peptidoglycan?
Prokaryotic cells
In which type of cells is quorum sensing used for communication?
Prokaryotic cells
Study Notes
- Nucleotide bases' order carries genetic information for cell growth, function, and reproduction
- Ribosomes:
- Present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
- Made of ribonucleotides and protein
- Consist of two subunits
- Serve to read mRNA and create proteins
- Cytoplasm:
- Present in all cells
- Thick fluid of water, salts, sugars, proteins, and monomers
- Helps give cells shape and provides site for enzymatic reactions
- Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan
- Eukaryotic cells have different types of cell walls (cellulose, chitin, or none) depending on the cell type
- Eukaryotic cells have larger sizes and more complex structures than prokaryotes
- Prokaryotic cells usually form single-celled organisms and communicate through quorum sensing
- Eukaryotic cells can form both single-celled organisms and multicellular organisms
- Eukaryotic cells have a true membrane-bound nucleus with gene regulation
- Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotes have organelles without membranes
- Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have different DNA structures
- Prokaryotes have simpler DNA structures with a single circular chromosome and no post-transcriptional processing
- Eukaryotes have more complex DNA structures with linear chromosomes, many more genes, and post-transcriptional processing
- Prokaryotes have smaller ribosomes (70S) and eukaryotes have larger ribosomes (80S)
- Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have cytoskeletons, but made of different proteins
- Prokaryotes reproduce asexually, while eukaryotes can reproduce sexually
- Prokaryotes reproduce through binary fission, while eukaryotes reproduce through mitosis.
Test your knowledge on the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Learn about their structures, functions, and characteristics.
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