Prokaryotes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the correct definition of an antibiotic?

  • Any substance produced by a prokaryote that prevents growth of the same prokaryote.
  • Any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of eukaryotic cells.
  • Any substance produced by an organism that is antagonistic to the growth of prokaryotes. (correct)
  • Any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of viruses.

    • What are plasmids composed of?

  • Protein
  • Nucleic acids (correct)
  • Polysaccharides
  • Lipids

    • How does antibiotic resistance develop in bacteria?

  • i and ii (correct)
  • Bacteria exchange genetic material with other bacteria, acquiring resistance genes.
  • Bacteria can deactivate antibiotics within their cells.
  • Bacteria naturally develop resistance over time through mutation.

    • What type of cells do you obtain after a F+ bacterium conjugates with a F- bacterium?

    <p>Two F+ bacteria with identical plasmid but not chromosomal DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Gram-positive bacteria appear in Gram staining?

    <p>Purple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term best describes Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative bacterium?

    <p>Anaerobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of the majority of prokaryotes?

    <p>Heterotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is typically absent in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of DNA structure in both Eubacteria and Archaea?

    <p>Both have circular DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of microbial mats?

    <p>They are the earliest forms of life on Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Halophiles?

    <p>They require a salt concentration of at least 2.0 M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of organisms is characterized by the presence of pseudo peptidoglycan in their cell walls?

    <p>Archaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of prokaryotes are unable to grow in a laboratory setting?

    <p>Prokaryotes that cannot grow in a laboratory setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of interaction between two prokaryotic populations benefits one population and does not affect the other?

    <p>Commensalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria is responsible for nitrogen fixation?

    <p>Cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs during binary fission in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotic reproduction?

    <p>Conjugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following species is NOT a Gamma proteobacterium?

    <p>Mycobacterium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anaerobic prokaryote can survive in the presence of oxygen but does not use it for metabolism?

    <p>Aerotolerant anaerobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prokaryote is responsible for causing the Black Death plague?

    <p>Yersinia pestis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary mode of transmission for pathogenic prokaryotes?

    <p>Contaminated food and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which beneficial prokaryote is commonly used in the production of dairy products?

    <p>Lactobacillus acidophilus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of prokaryotes is responsible for the production of antibiotics?

    <p>Actinobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of prokaryotes playing a role in carbon sequestration?

    <p>Methanogenic archaea converting organic matter into methane gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

    <p>They convert ammonia (NH3) or ammonium (NH4+) into nitrites (NO2-) and nitrates (NO3-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organelle did aerobic prokaryotes evolve to become in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did chloroplast likely evolve before mitochondria?

    <p>Because photosynthesis is necessary for the production of oxygen required for aerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were bacteria collectively referred to as before Carl Woese defined Eubacteria and Archaebacteria?

    <p>Monera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct statement about the relationship between photosynthesis and aerobic respiration?

    <p>Photosynthesis is necessary for aerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

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