Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic advantage of a lightweight team?
What is a characteristic advantage of a lightweight team?
- Invisible status differences
- In-depth analysis
- Fast coordination (correct)
- Very high commitment
Which aspect is a disadvantage of a heavyweight team?
Which aspect is a disadvantage of a heavyweight team?
- Consistency
- Not in-depth (correct)
- Autonomy
- High commitment
What defines an autonomous team in terms of innovation?
What defines an autonomous team in terms of innovation?
- Strong connection to functional disciplines
- Radical innovation and decision power (correct)
- Limited authority in decisions
- Incremental innovation focus
What is NOT true about the strategic approach of ToolsMed & Co after the restructuring?
What is NOT true about the strategic approach of ToolsMed & Co after the restructuring?
What is a critical element of INBO's approach to new business development?
What is a critical element of INBO's approach to new business development?
Which of the following is a fundamental strategy for radical innovations according to Stephen Raes?
Which of the following is a fundamental strategy for radical innovations according to Stephen Raes?
What is a disadvantage often associated with an autonomous team?
What is a disadvantage often associated with an autonomous team?
What are the expected time horizons for radical innovations as mentioned?
What are the expected time horizons for radical innovations as mentioned?
Which integration mechanism was found to be ineffective in mediating the relationship between structural differentiation and ambidexterity?
Which integration mechanism was found to be ineffective in mediating the relationship between structural differentiation and ambidexterity?
What role do senior team social integration mechanisms play in relation to structural differentiation and ambidexterity?
What role do senior team social integration mechanisms play in relation to structural differentiation and ambidexterity?
Which hypothesis was supported regarding organizational integration mechanisms?
Which hypothesis was supported regarding organizational integration mechanisms?
What is a core benefit of organizational integration mechanisms?
What is a core benefit of organizational integration mechanisms?
What impact does connectedness have on structural differentiation and ambidexterity, according to the hypotheses?
What impact does connectedness have on structural differentiation and ambidexterity, according to the hypotheses?
How do boundary-spanning mechanisms contribute to ambidexterity?
How do boundary-spanning mechanisms contribute to ambidexterity?
Which statement is true about the relationship between structural differentiation and ambidexterity?
Which statement is true about the relationship between structural differentiation and ambidexterity?
What aspect was shown to be essential for achieving ambidexterity in organizations?
What aspect was shown to be essential for achieving ambidexterity in organizations?
What is one of the four criteria required by systems theory for a major innovation system?
What is one of the four criteria required by systems theory for a major innovation system?
Dynamic capabilities theory emphasizes the importance of which aspect in organizations?
Dynamic capabilities theory emphasizes the importance of which aspect in organizations?
Which of the following is NOT included as a unique skillset needed according to dynamic capabilities theory?
Which of the following is NOT included as a unique skillset needed according to dynamic capabilities theory?
What can hinder established firms from adapting to new technologies according to Tripsas and Gavetti?
What can hinder established firms from adapting to new technologies according to Tripsas and Gavetti?
Which misconception about commercial success is commonly held among managers?
Which misconception about commercial success is commonly held among managers?
Which aspect is NOT related to bounded rationality in managerial decision-making?
Which aspect is NOT related to bounded rationality in managerial decision-making?
What describes the razor blade business model?
What describes the razor blade business model?
In the context of systems theory, what does the effect of the whole being greater than the sum of the parts refer to?
In the context of systems theory, what does the effect of the whole being greater than the sum of the parts refer to?
What is a crucial challenge organizations face with radical technological discontinuities?
What is a crucial challenge organizations face with radical technological discontinuities?
What does structural differentiation allow in an organization?
What does structural differentiation allow in an organization?
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways senior teams can manage differentiation and integration?
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways senior teams can manage differentiation and integration?
What may interfere with the benefits of structural differentiation in corporate entrepreneurship?
What may interfere with the benefits of structural differentiation in corporate entrepreneurship?
What is indicated as impractical in rapidly changing environments?
What is indicated as impractical in rapidly changing environments?
Which term describes the separation of exploitative and explorative activities in an organization?
Which term describes the separation of exploitative and explorative activities in an organization?
How can organizations develop the ability to question their strategic beliefs?
How can organizations develop the ability to question their strategic beliefs?
What are the contingencies that affect differentiation-integration combinations related to corporate entrepreneurship?
What are the contingencies that affect differentiation-integration combinations related to corporate entrepreneurship?
Which attitude includes being open to discontinuing existing products for potentially better ones?
Which attitude includes being open to discontinuing existing products for potentially better ones?
What practice helps create internal competition within a firm?
What practice helps create internal competition within a firm?
What is NOT a method of capability transformation mentioned?
What is NOT a method of capability transformation mentioned?
What does the concept of 'recombination' refer to in capability transformation?
What does the concept of 'recombination' refer to in capability transformation?
How does an increase in the number of failures correlate with the quality of patents filed by a firm?
How does an increase in the number of failures correlate with the quality of patents filed by a firm?
Which of the following best defines 'retrenchment' in capability transformation?
Which of the following best defines 'retrenchment' in capability transformation?
What role do venture reviews play in venture management processes?
What role do venture reviews play in venture management processes?
What is a common outcome of empowering product champions in an organization?
What is a common outcome of empowering product champions in an organization?
What are key traits of the H2 profile in terms of personality and behavior?
What are key traits of the H2 profile in terms of personality and behavior?
Which statement accurately reflects a weakness commonly found in H2 individuals?
Which statement accurately reflects a weakness commonly found in H2 individuals?
How are hybrid personalities within the H2 profile best described?
How are hybrid personalities within the H2 profile best described?
Why are teams important for innovation according to the given content?
Why are teams important for innovation according to the given content?
What is a potential trap when managing H2 individuals in innovation settings?
What is a potential trap when managing H2 individuals in innovation settings?
What is a major risk of extreme openness in organizational innovation?
What is a major risk of extreme openness in organizational innovation?
How is the relationship between being externally driven and focusing on current customers described?
How is the relationship between being externally driven and focusing on current customers described?
What was a key factor in Henry Ford's success in implementing the moving assembly line?
What was a key factor in Henry Ford's success in implementing the moving assembly line?
What assumption is associated with the combination of dimensions 2 and 4 regarding future predictions?
What assumption is associated with the combination of dimensions 2 and 4 regarding future predictions?
What can be inferred about the need for a balance in the dimensions of organizational approach?
What can be inferred about the need for a balance in the dimensions of organizational approach?
What do customers typically desire in innovations according to the discussion?
What do customers typically desire in innovations according to the discussion?
What type of innovation can result from focusing too much on external factors?
What type of innovation can result from focusing too much on external factors?
What is a critical consideration in maintaining an open approach to innovation?
What is a critical consideration in maintaining an open approach to innovation?
What was a significant factor contributing to Nokia's failure in the mobile business?
What was a significant factor contributing to Nokia's failure in the mobile business?
In the context of Nokia's management, what did top managers primarily focus on?
In the context of Nokia's management, what did top managers primarily focus on?
Which type of mental activity involves recognizing patterns and interpreting information?
Which type of mental activity involves recognizing patterns and interpreting information?
What is a consequence of a lack of trust between middle managers at Nokia?
What is a consequence of a lack of trust between middle managers at Nokia?
What did Nokia prioritize over investing in stakeholder relationships?
What did Nokia prioritize over investing in stakeholder relationships?
Which activity is NOT part of the sensing phase in organizational dynamics?
Which activity is NOT part of the sensing phase in organizational dynamics?
Why might mathematical models be ineffective in stock market predictions?
Why might mathematical models be ineffective in stock market predictions?
What was a key managerial capability needed during the incubation phase at Nokia?
What was a key managerial capability needed during the incubation phase at Nokia?
What is a key characteristic of a culture that promotes innovation within an organization?
What is a key characteristic of a culture that promotes innovation within an organization?
How should the leadership approach innovation teams to effectively encourage experimentation?
How should the leadership approach innovation teams to effectively encourage experimentation?
What is one way to increase receptiveness to new ideas within divisions?
What is one way to increase receptiveness to new ideas within divisions?
Which dimension reflects an organization's willingness to sacrifice current product sales for future opportunities?
Which dimension reflects an organization's willingness to sacrifice current product sales for future opportunities?
What type of reporting system can enhance the evaluation of innovation initiatives within an organization?
What type of reporting system can enhance the evaluation of innovation initiatives within an organization?
In fostering a future-oriented approach, what should an organization prioritize?
In fostering a future-oriented approach, what should an organization prioritize?
How can organizations demonstrate commitment to innovation outside of financial factors?
How can organizations demonstrate commitment to innovation outside of financial factors?
What is the role of strategic and financial tracking systems in innovation?
What is the role of strategic and financial tracking systems in innovation?
What is the key benefit of positive framing when presenting options to save lives?
What is the key benefit of positive framing when presenting options to save lives?
In the context of innovation, what is crucial for ensuring collaboration within teams?
In the context of innovation, what is crucial for ensuring collaboration within teams?
What role does social cognition play in the reconfiguring phase of an organization?
What role does social cognition play in the reconfiguring phase of an organization?
What is the likely outcome if an opportunity is framed negatively in decision-making?
What is the likely outcome if an opportunity is framed negatively in decision-making?
What should organizations avoid relying solely on when innovating?
What should organizations avoid relying solely on when innovating?
What can be considered a significant problem if communication between top management and middle management is ineffective?
What can be considered a significant problem if communication between top management and middle management is ineffective?
Why might individuals be more inclined to select a certain option over a risky one in decision-making?
Why might individuals be more inclined to select a certain option over a risky one in decision-making?
What is an undesirable outcome of a rigid decision-making structure in an organization?
What is an undesirable outcome of a rigid decision-making structure in an organization?
What is the total number of points possible in the exam?
What is the total number of points possible in the exam?
Which statement about the grading structure is accurate?
Which statement about the grading structure is accurate?
What is the main focus of the exam questions?
What is the main focus of the exam questions?
When are grades for the exam expected to be released?
When are grades for the exam expected to be released?
What happens if 'all answer options are correct' in a multiple choice question?
What happens if 'all answer options are correct' in a multiple choice question?
What does the instruction to flag questions in the online exam allow students to do?
What does the instruction to flag questions in the online exam allow students to do?
What does argumentation in the theory section primarily involve?
What does argumentation in the theory section primarily involve?
What is a critical aspect that the exam is designed to test regarding previous years' example questions?
What is a critical aspect that the exam is designed to test regarding previous years' example questions?
What type of firms can potentially create a blue ocean?
What type of firms can potentially create a blue ocean?
In high-velocity markets, what is true about dynamic capabilities?
In high-velocity markets, what is true about dynamic capabilities?
Which statement is incorrect regarding dynamic capabilities in high-velocity markets?
Which statement is incorrect regarding dynamic capabilities in high-velocity markets?
What effect does a change in incentive schemes have on merchandisers according to Lee and Meyer-Doyle (2017)?
What effect does a change in incentive schemes have on merchandisers according to Lee and Meyer-Doyle (2017)?
Which of the following best describes when 'all answer options are correct' is the correct response?
Which of the following best describes when 'all answer options are correct' is the correct response?
What characterizes the correct answer when 'all answer options are correct' is inaccurate?
What characterizes the correct answer when 'all answer options are correct' is inaccurate?
In the context of assessing dynamic capabilities in firms, which concept holds more significance in high-velocity markets?
In the context of assessing dynamic capabilities in firms, which concept holds more significance in high-velocity markets?
How do firms benefit from empirical findings like those from Lee and Meyer-Doyle?
How do firms benefit from empirical findings like those from Lee and Meyer-Doyle?
What is the impact on revenue from exploratory deals when the incentive scheme is switched from a performance-based salary to a fixed salary?
What is the impact on revenue from exploratory deals when the incentive scheme is switched from a performance-based salary to a fixed salary?
Which factor does NOT influence the need for integration in structurally differentiated organizations according to Burgers & Covin (2016)?
Which factor does NOT influence the need for integration in structurally differentiated organizations according to Burgers & Covin (2016)?
What effect do more false negatives in the incentive scheme have on exploratory deals initiated by merchandisers?
What effect do more false negatives in the incentive scheme have on exploratory deals initiated by merchandisers?
According to the findings of Gibson & Birkinshaw (2004), how do ambidextrous business units affect perceived business performance?
According to the findings of Gibson & Birkinshaw (2004), how do ambidextrous business units affect perceived business performance?
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the combinations of integration and differentiation in organizations?
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the combinations of integration and differentiation in organizations?
What is a common misconception among managers regarding commercial success?
What is a common misconception among managers regarding commercial success?
How do firms with a higher number of employees relate to structural integration needs?
How do firms with a higher number of employees relate to structural integration needs?
What is a likely outcome when merchandisers face more false negatives under a new incentive scheme?
What is a likely outcome when merchandisers face more false negatives under a new incentive scheme?
What best illustrates the idea that core competencies can turn into core rigidities?
What best illustrates the idea that core competencies can turn into core rigidities?
What is necessary for achieving structural ambidexterity in an organization?
What is necessary for achieving structural ambidexterity in an organization?
Which phrases accurately describe the characteristics of a highly disruptive business?
Which phrases accurately describe the characteristics of a highly disruptive business?
What is a consequence of managers adhering to outdated business models?
What is a consequence of managers adhering to outdated business models?
In what way can organizations achieve differentiation and integration?
In what way can organizations achieve differentiation and integration?
What defines the term 'razor/blade' business model?
What defines the term 'razor/blade' business model?
What critical trait contributes to a firm's success in adapting to innovative processes?
What critical trait contributes to a firm's success in adapting to innovative processes?
What is a potential challenge of maintaining structural ambidexterity?
What is a potential challenge of maintaining structural ambidexterity?
Study Notes
Functional Team Structures
- Functional disciplines apply a sequential approach, emphasizing task division and specialization.
- Light weight teams promote fast coordination with a project leader but may suffer from conflicting loyalty.
- Heavy weight teams focus on adjacent innovation, providing autonomy to project leaders but may lack in-depth expertise.
- Autonomous teams (Tiger teams) support radical innovation, with project leaders having full decision-making power albeit facing management challenges.
Innovation Dynamics
- Radical innovations typically have a time horizon of 5-10 years and require substantial funding (around 5 million initially).
- ToolsMed & Co, established in 1925, shifted focus towards operational excellence and innovation after restructuring in 2010.
Innovation & New Business Opportunities (INBO)
- INBO aims for systematic processes to foster new business growth combining external and corporate venturing.
- The Ansoff strategy matrix indicates levels of innovation proximity to core activities, differentiating between "Little C" (distant) and "Big C" (close).
System Theory & Dynamic Capabilities
- System theory emphasizes interdependence among elements, achieving results that exceed individual contributions, and clear purposes within larger systems.
- Dynamic capabilities theory focuses on strategic management adapting firm-specific resources to meet environmental demands, requiring attributes such as courage and divergent thinking.
Managerial Cognition & Inertia
- Managerial cognition influences organizational inertia, especially when facing competence-destroying technologies or changes that undermine established knowledge.
Organizational Structure & Entrepreneurship
- Structural differentiation allows separate organizational units for exploitative and exploratory activities, fostering corporate entrepreneurship.
- Senior teams manage contradictions through shared visions, synchronization of actions, and structural linking mechanisms, though integration may incur additional costs.
Research Findings on Integration Mechanisms
- Senior team social integration supports discussion of conflicting demands, while formal rewards do not aid in reconciling differentiated units.
- Cross-functional interfaces enhance knowledge exchange, aiding ambidextrous organizations in maintaining a common understanding without disrupting internal processes.
Attitudes and Practices Driving Innovation
- Key attitudes for innovation success include a willingness to cannibalize assets, future orientation, and risk tolerance.
- Effective practices include empowering product champions and establishing internal markets to encourage competition.
Capability Transformation
- Capability development includes creating products, patents, and enhancing personal and organizational capabilities.
- Transformation processes involve managing ventures, conducting venture reviews, and connecting with broader learning systems.
Learning from Failures
- Research indicates that while an increase in failures can lead to decreased R&D output in firms, the quality of patents (reflected in citations) tends to improve, suggesting valuable lessons can be extracted from small failures.
Hiring and Collaboration Strategies
- Employ outsiders for diverse perspectives and innovative beliefs on success.
- Facilitate borrowing of assets from established organizations to leverage competitive advantages.
- Implement ‘painless’ borrowing through high transfer prices and reward cooperation among business unit managers.
Strategic Shift and Leadership Dynamics
- Senior managers should actively sponsor innovation initiatives, aligning “strategy-in-use” with the espoused strategy.
- Foster a culture of experimentation and learning from failures, exemplified by leadership at Unilever.
- Recruit individuals who demonstrate ownership over innovation efforts.
Structure and System Enhancements
- Introduce milestone-based reporting systems emphasizing non-financial indicators.
- Utilize a scoring system (Red/Yellow/Green) to evaluate strategy clarity, model feasibility, and marketplace performance.
- Empower decision-making at higher management levels and integrate ventures with appraisals and compensation aligned with business unit managers.
Human Resource Management in Innovation
- Transition from viewing roles as jobs to considering them as careers dedicated to innovation.
- Form dedicated innovation teams with clear roles: leadership, strategy, operations/finance, and technology.
- Standardize compensation frameworks to support innovation without differentiation.
Organizational Culture and Environmental Orientation
- Establish a risk-accepting, open culture that encourages input from all levels.
- Embrace three key dimensions:
- Willingness to disrupt existing products for new opportunities.
- Future orientation focusing on emerging customer needs rather than current demands.
- Risk tolerance to facilitate innovation despite barriers.
Traits and Skills of Innovators
- Profile key traits of hybrid personalities: adaptability, discipline, high energy, and risk appetite.
- Recognize comfort in managing ambiguity and balancing social intelligence along with collective collaboration.
Team Dynamics in Innovation
- Innovation thrives on teamwork to counteract myths of solitary genius.
- Awareness of customer needs is essential; don’t solely rely on past preferences for future innovations.
- Balance external orientation with internal reflection to avoid chaos, promote discovery, and ensure balanced decision-making.
Strategic Decision-Making and Cognitive Processes
- Develop mental capabilities in perception and attention to identify opportunities.
- Utilize strategic framing to reshape perceptions positively, influencing decision-making during uncertain scenarios.
- Communication and social cognition are crucial in reconfiguring organizational structures for innovation.
Managing Complexity and Trust Building
- Encourage open communication from top to middle management, fostering trust to facilitate innovation.
- Engage employees in collaborative goal-setting, enhancing the effectiveness of reconfiguration efforts and innovative capacities.
Exam Overview
- Scheduled for Tuesday, 24 October from 12:15 to 14:30 hrs.
- Grades will be available by Thursday, 8 November 2023.
- Inspection details to be announced.
Exam Format
- Total of 25 questions worth 140 points.
- 24 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) worth 120 points; each correct answer earns 5 points and incorrect answers earn 0 points.
- 1 open question valued at 20 points.
- Participation in tutorials contributes a maximum of 60 points (30 points for 1 tutorial, 60 points for 2).
Exam Accessibility
- Administered online, allowing question review and flagging for later.
- Submission of answers can be made at any time before the time limit.
Key Question Types
- Questions are derived from lectures, slides, and academic papers.
- Emphasis on understanding the course material, including arguments, measurements, and findings in theory.
Understanding Example Questions
- Example-Based Questions: Answers based on specific cases from lectures or papers.
- All Answer Options Correct: Selecting the option indicating all statements are true can be the correct response.
- Understanding the context, rather than memorizing, is essential to selecting the correct answer.
Previous Exam Examples
- Empirical Articles: Questions may test specific findings from empirical studies, requiring knowledge of results rather than hypotheses.
- Structural Differentiation: Notable findings from articles indicating the need for integration in structurally differentiated organizations are relevant.
Important Concepts
- Structural Ambidexterity: Represents an organization's dual ability to explore and exploit simultaneously through separate units that are integrated.
- Dynamic Capabilities: Recognized in high-velocity markets, with implications for competitive advantage.
Core Competencies and Rigidities
- Importance of understanding how core competencies can transition into core rigidities, using Polaroid's historical challenges as a case study.
Required Knowledge Areas
- Familiarity with theoretical arguments and empirical study findings.
- Ability to explain concepts like structural ambidexterity succinctly and clearly.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers various project management disciplines such as the functional and lightweight team approaches. It explores concepts like task division, specialization, and coordination, highlighting both advantages and disadvantages of each method. Test your understanding of incremental and adjacent innovation strategies within project management.
