18 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a high-level programming language?
Requires specific vocabulary, grammar, and syntax to be learned
Which of the following is an example of a natural programming language?
Clones for Microcomputers
What is the primary purpose of a machine-independent programming language?
To be portable across different hardware and software platforms
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a high-level programming language?
Requires specific vocabulary, grammar, and syntax to be learned
Which of the following is an example of an artificial intelligent system?
Expert systems
What is the primary advantage of a natural programming language?
Elimination of the need to learn a specific vocabulary, grammar, or syntax
Which of the following is the primary function of a compiler?
To translate high-level language statements into machine-oriented instructions
What is the relationship between high-level programming languages and machine-oriented instructions?
High-level languages must be translated into machine-oriented instructions before they can be executed
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a machine-independent programming language?
It requires a compiler to translate it into machine code
What is the primary purpose of the listing produced by a compiler?
To provide a printed record of the source and object programs
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a machine-oriented programming language?
It is specific to a particular computer architecture
What is the primary function of the linkages and macros included in a compiler?
To provide the necessary connections for closed subroutines and insert appropriate machine code for macros
What is the primary function of an assembler?
To translate mnemonic operation codes into machine code and symbolic addresses into machine addresses
Which of the following is a key difference between a compiler and an assembler?
Compilers translate high-level language statements into machine code, while assemblers translate mnemonic operation codes into machine code
Which of the following is a key function of a compiler?
To generate the object program for each source statement
What is the relationship between a high-level programming language and a machine-oriented language?
High-level languages are a more user-friendly representation of machine-oriented languages
Which of the following is a key function of an assembler that is not performed by a compiler?
Including the necessary linkages for closed subroutines and inserting appropriate machine code for macros
What is the primary purpose of a machine-independent programming language?
To allow programs to be executed on any computer hardware without modification
Study Notes
Assembler
- Translates mnemonic operation codes into machine code and symbolic addresses into machine addresses.
- Includes necessary linkages for closed subroutines and inserts appropriate machine code for macros.
- Allocates areas of storage and includes error codes if appropriate.
- Detects and indicates invalid source-language instructions.
- Produces the object program on tape or disk as required.
- Produces a printed listing of the source and object program with comments.
Compiler
- Translates high-level language into machine-oriented instructions.
- Generates the object program and produces a printed listing of the source and object programs when required.
- Translates the source-program statements into machine code.
Features of High-Level Language
- Similar to English with vocabularies of words and symbols.
- Easy to learn and use.
Machine Independent Programming Language
- Used to write business application programs.
- Designed to be easily learned and used by end-users.
- Allows users to create programs without the need for a programmer.
- Examples include report generators, application generators, and query languages.
Natural Programming Language
- Represents a natural language.
- Eliminates the need for users to learn a specific vocabulary, grammar, or syntax.
- Text of a natural language statement resembles human speech.
- Examples include Clones for Microcomputers and Intellect for Mainframes.
Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence
- Use of artificial intelligence touches on expert systems.
- Expert systems use a computerized collection of the knowledge of many human experts.
- Artificial intelligence is an independently smart computer system.
Explore examples and advantages of popular programming languages such as BASIC, FORTRAN, COBOL, PASCAL, and C++. Learn about their similarities to English, easy-to-learn symbols, and their use in writing machine-independent business application programs.
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