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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a characteristic of Java & Javascript, making them suitable for internet applications?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Java & Javascript, making them suitable for internet applications?
What is the primary function of a Programming Language?
What is the primary function of a Programming Language?
The statement "Java is a Programming Language that is used to make applications that work on any computer" highlights which characteristic of Java?
The statement "Java is a Programming Language that is used to make applications that work on any computer" highlights which characteristic of Java?
Which statement best describes the limitations of HTML?
Which statement best describes the limitations of HTML?
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What is the primary role of Javascript in web development?
What is the primary role of Javascript in web development?
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Why is Java considered a secure Programming Language?
Why is Java considered a secure Programming Language?
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What is the essential difference between Java and Javascript?
What is the essential difference between Java and Javascript?
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Given the characteristics of Java and Javascript, why is English not a suitable language for programming?
Given the characteristics of Java and Javascript, why is English not a suitable language for programming?
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Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using Java Libraries?
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using Java Libraries?
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Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between Java code, Bytecode, and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?
Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between Java code, Bytecode, and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?
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What is the primary function of a compiler in the context of Java programming?
What is the primary function of a compiler in the context of Java programming?
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Which of the following is a key advantage of Java's portability?
Which of the following is a key advantage of Java's portability?
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Which of the following statements BEST describes the significance of Java's popularity in the software development world?
Which of the following statements BEST describes the significance of Java's popularity in the software development world?
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Which of the following is a NOT a key feature of BlueJ?
Which of the following is a NOT a key feature of BlueJ?
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What is the primary purpose of a flowchart in software development?
What is the primary purpose of a flowchart in software development?
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What is the main reason why Java is considered a good choice for developing web applications?
What is the main reason why Java is considered a good choice for developing web applications?
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Which of the following is an example of a Java Library?
Which of the following is an example of a Java Library?
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What is the primary difference between Java code and Bytecode?
What is the primary difference between Java code and Bytecode?
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A programmer needs to represent the color yellow in a Java program. Which of the following hexadecimal values would be the correct representation?
A programmer needs to represent the color yellow in a Java program. Which of the following hexadecimal values would be the correct representation?
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Assume a computer uses 8-bit bytes to store data. When converting the decimal number 255 to binary, how many bits would be needed to represent it?
Assume a computer uses 8-bit bytes to store data. When converting the decimal number 255 to binary, how many bits would be needed to represent it?
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Given that a byte comprises 8 bits, what is the maximum decimal value that can be represented by a single byte?
Given that a byte comprises 8 bits, what is the maximum decimal value that can be represented by a single byte?
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A programmer is working with hexadecimal values and needs to know the binary equivalent of the hexadecimal value 0x0A. Which of the following binary representations is correct?
A programmer is working with hexadecimal values and needs to know the binary equivalent of the hexadecimal value 0x0A. Which of the following binary representations is correct?
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What base is the number system we normally use for everyday counting?
What base is the number system we normally use for everyday counting?
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What is the purpose of flowcharts, as described in the content?
What is the purpose of flowcharts, as described in the content?
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According to the content, what is the primary benefit of understanding Boolean logic for programmers?
According to the content, what is the primary benefit of understanding Boolean logic for programmers?
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In the context of the content, what is the main advantage of using flowcharts in the software development process?
In the context of the content, what is the main advantage of using flowcharts in the software development process?
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What does the content imply about the relationship between logic and code?
What does the content imply about the relationship between logic and code?
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According to the content, what role do logical operators play in Boolean logic?
According to the content, what role do logical operators play in Boolean logic?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between Boolean logic and microchips, as presented in the content?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between Boolean logic and microchips, as presented in the content?
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Based on the example provided in the content, what is the intended outcome of applying the 'OR' operator to the conditions 'Is it Raining Now?' and 'Is the Forecast Bad?'?
Based on the example provided in the content, what is the intended outcome of applying the 'OR' operator to the conditions 'Is it Raining Now?' and 'Is the Forecast Bad?'?
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What is the significance of the 'NOT' operator in Boolean logic, as discussed in the content?
What is the significance of the 'NOT' operator in Boolean logic, as discussed in the content?
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In the example regarding Mary driving a car, what condition must hold true for Mary to be able to drive, according to the content?
In the example regarding Mary driving a car, what condition must hold true for Mary to be able to drive, according to the content?
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Based on the content, what is the relationship between Binary, Hexadecimal, and Boolean logic?
Based on the content, what is the relationship between Binary, Hexadecimal, and Boolean logic?
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Based on Mary's description, which of the following statements accurately describes the blue building?
Based on Mary's description, which of the following statements accurately describes the blue building?
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According to Paul's description, what can we infer about the buildings he sees?
According to Paul's description, what can we infer about the buildings he sees?
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Which of the following statements best reflects the difference between Paul's and Mary's descriptions?
Which of the following statements best reflects the difference between Paul's and Mary's descriptions?
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If we combine both descriptions, what can we conclude about the collection of buildings?
If we combine both descriptions, what can we conclude about the collection of buildings?
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Why are both descriptions considered "imprecise" compared to a computer program?
Why are both descriptions considered "imprecise" compared to a computer program?
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Which of the following best illustrates the concept of "too many dialects and variations" in the context of human languages, as mentioned in the content?
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of "too many dialects and variations" in the context of human languages, as mentioned in the content?
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Based on the information provided, what advantage does a compiler offer compared to writing code in English?
Based on the information provided, what advantage does a compiler offer compared to writing code in English?
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What can you infer about the purpose of a compiler based on the diagrams provided?
What can you infer about the purpose of a compiler based on the diagrams provided?
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Based on the content, which of the following statements is TRUE about Java code and English?
Based on the content, which of the following statements is TRUE about Java code and English?
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Which of the following statements accurately reflects the connection between the content about buildings and the content about computers?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the connection between the content about buildings and the content about computers?
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Flashcards
Programming Language
Programming Language
An artificial language for writing instructions for computers.
Java
Java
A programming language used for creating cross-platform applications.
Javascript
Javascript
A programming language used for creating dynamic content on webpages.
Static HTML
Static HTML
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Platform Independent
Platform Independent
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Compiling
Compiling
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Applet
Applet
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Security in Java
Security in Java
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Collection of buildings
Collection of buildings
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Tallest building
Tallest building
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Blue Building
Blue Building
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Windows in buildings
Windows in buildings
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Compiler
Compiler
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Java Code
Java Code
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Operating System
Operating System
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Portable programs
Portable programs
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User interface
User interface
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Different colors of buildings
Different colors of buildings
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Binary
Binary
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Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal
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Byte
Byte
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Hex in Java
Hex in Java
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HTML
HTML
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Flowcharts
Flowcharts
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Purpose of Flowcharts
Purpose of Flowcharts
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Importance of Flowcharts
Importance of Flowcharts
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Boolean Logic
Boolean Logic
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Logical Operators
Logical Operators
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AND Operator
AND Operator
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OR Operator
OR Operator
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NOT Expression
NOT Expression
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BlueJ
BlueJ
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Java Code Compilation
Java Code Compilation
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Java Virtual Machine
Java Virtual Machine
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Java Class Library
Java Class Library
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Bytecode
Bytecode
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Libraries in Java
Libraries in Java
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Input Output Functions
Input Output Functions
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Object Code
Object Code
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Study Notes
International & Access Foundation Programmes
- Computer Science Semester II, Part 2, Java Basics
- Course presented by Nevan Bermingham
Important Information
- Students should create their own notes in addition to in-class ones
- Download class notes to use for lab work
- Download BlueJ (http://www.bluej.org/)
What is a Programming Language?
- "An artificial language used to write instructions that can be translated into machine language and then executed by a computer"
- Java is an example of a programming language
- A program is a list of instructions for a computer
- Programming languages are used to create programs controlling computer behavior
- A program is created using a programming language and compiled into an application
What is Java & Javascript?
- Java is a programming language used to create applications running on any computer (e.g., Windows, macOS)
- JavaScript is used to build applications within webpages by the browser (sometimes called an "applet")
Why do we use Javascript?
- HTML is static, remaining the same every time
- HTML only positions webpage elements
- JavaScript enables dynamic, user-interactive webpage elements (e.g., clocks, moving banners, games)
Why do we use Java & JavaScript?
- Java is simpler than most other languages
- Java and JavaScript are platform-independent, running on many computer types
- Java's design facilitated network use, ideal for internet applications
- Java prioritizes user and data security
- Java is freely available
Why Not Use English?
- Students should document observations from a provided picture
- Provide detailed descriptions of features/elements visible
What's a Compiler?
- A compiler application, working with the operating system, computers hardware, internet, keyboard, and mouse/screen, creates an application from Java Code
- The compiler makes the application
- This application can run on other computers
What Does a Compiler Do?
- A compiler transforms source code into a binary form known as object code
- This is often bytecode in Java
- The compiler links the code to libraries (e.g., standard java libraries)
Java Code is Compiled for an OS
- Java code is compiled for an operating system
- The compiler translates Java code to bytecode
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM) interprets the bytecode
- Code is run on the machine's hardware with assistance from storage, input/output, and network components
Where does Java Fit In?
- Java is among many important/popular programming languages (e.g., C++, Python)
- Presented in a timeline, with visual indicators noting dates of development
What Are Java Libraries?
- The Java Class Library is a collection of reusable functions used by Java applications at runtime
- Libraries, such as input/output, mathematical functions, graphics, file handling, and networking, depend heavily on the computer's platform
Compiling Code
- Compilers transform source code into a binary format—object code (bytecode in Java)
- Compilers link with standard Java libraries for essential functions (e.g., input/output)
Java Popularity
- Java is a highly popular programming language (data presented as a bar graph highlighting other languages of similar popularity)
Why Java?
- Java's "write once, run anywhere" capability simplifies code execution across varied computer platforms and operating systems
- Java is easily applicable in client-server web application development
These are FLOWCHARTS
- Flowcharts are pictorial representations of processes, which promotes understanding
- Flowcharts illustrate the logic of how a program works, using action boxes, decision boxes, start/end symbols, and connecting arrows
- This graphical representation displays the program's start, condition evaluation, action taken, input/output actions, and termination
Why use Flowcharts?
- Flowcharts are a visual, industry-standard documentation method
- They offer clear illustrations of programs, using common visual elements—facilitating understanding without complex technical terms
The Mathematics of Computing
- Boolean logic tests conditions in computer programs
- Binary is the fundamental language of computers (0s and 1s)
- Hexadecimal (base-16) is used instead of binary for more concise representation in computation
Boolean Logic
- Boolean algebra, originated in 1854 by George Boole, forms the basis of truth values (0 and 1), often represented as False(0) and True(1)
- Modern computers use Boole's system by employing microchips containing thousands of electronic switches arranged into logical "gates", such as the logical AND operation
Logical Operators
- Used to determine outcomes under specific conditions (e.g., rain and/or forecast)
'OR' Operator
- OR operator truth-table analysis
'AND' Operator
- AND operator truth-table analysis
NOT Expressions
- NOT statements are used for cases where an outcome is not a match (e.g., traffic light is not red)
Binary
- Computer counting is done in binary (0s and 1s)
Hexadecimal
- Hexadecimal (base-16) is a more concise representation of binary numbers
- Humans commonly use decimal counting
Hexadecimal (HEX)
- Hexadecimal (base 16) provides a more compact way to express binary values (0s and 1s)
- Conversion charts translate hexadecimal values into binary and decimal equivalents
Hexadecimal (HEX) & Binary
- Detailed table showing the conversion from hexadecimal (base-16) to binary (base-2)
Hexadecimal (HEX)
- Bytes are 8 bits
- In binary, ranges from 0000 0000 to 1111 1111
- The range in hexadecimal is 0x00 to 0xFF
- Decimal equivalent is from 0 to 255
HEX in Java
- Java uses hexadecimal (HEX) for color selection (e.g., Red 0xFF0000, Green 0x00FF00)
Terminology Review
- Browsers display HTML content
- Operating systems execute computer programs
- Compilers transform code into executable applications
- HTML is a language that structures and lays out webpages
Further Reading
- Java books and websites (e.g. "Java for Dummies," "Java Made Easy")
- Online resources for further Java study
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Description
Test your knowledge on the characteristics and functions of Java and Javascript as programming languages suitable for internet applications. This quiz covers important concepts such as portability, security, and the roles of compilers and libraries in development.