Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)
Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)
This is an example statement that is true
This is an example statement that is true
False
Example question?
Example question?
example answer
The ______ barked
The ______ barked
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Match the following programming languages with their primary usage:
Match the following programming languages with their primary usage:
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Which of the following is NOT a type of herpes virus?
Which of the following is NOT a type of herpes virus?
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What type of DNA do herpes viruses have?
What type of DNA do herpes viruses have?
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What do herpes viruses form in nerve cells?
What do herpes viruses form in nerve cells?
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All herpes viruses replicate in epithelial cells.
All herpes viruses replicate in epithelial cells.
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Match the herpes virus to its related infection:
Match the herpes virus to its related infection:
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The virions possess a ______ located between the nucleocapsid and the envelope.
The virions possess a ______ located between the nucleocapsid and the envelope.
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What is the significance of the tegument in herpes viruses?
What is the significance of the tegument in herpes viruses?
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Study Notes
Multiple Choice Questions
- Questions can have multiple correct answers
- Answers must be selected from a list of options
Fill in the Blank Questions
- Questions require the user to fill in a missing word or phrase
- The blank is usually placed in a sentence that provides context about the missing word or phrase
Matching Questions
- Questions require the user to match items from two different lists
- The items in each list are related in some way
- Items must be matched based on their specific properties or relationships
Herpesviridae
- Largest family of DNA viruses
- All affect humans
- Herpesviruses are large, 150–200 nm in diameter
- All herpesviruses are structurally similar
- Icosahedral core surrounded by a lipoprotein envelope
- Linear, double-stranded DNA genome
- Tegument located between the nucleocapsid and envelope
- The tegument contains regulatory proteins like transcription and translation factors
- Replicate in the nucleus and form intranuclear inclusions
- Obtain their envelope by budding from the nuclear membrane
- Cause latent infections
Herpesvirus Subfamilies
-
Alpha herpesviruses - infect epithelial cells and become latent in neurons
- Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2)
- Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
-
Beta Herpes Viruses - infect and become latent in a variety of tissues
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)
- Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7)
-
Gamma herpesviruses - infect and become latent primarily in lymphoid cells
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) - Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4)
- Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Widespread in humans
- Exhibit broad host range
- Replicate in various cell types
- Grow rapidly, highly cytolytic
- Cause:
- Gingivostomatitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis
- Encephalitis
- Genital disease
- Infections in newborns
- Latent infections in nerve cells
- Recurrences are common
HSV Replication
- HSV binds to cell surface receptors: heparan sulfate and nectin
- Enters the cell by fusion
- Transported through the cytoplasm to the nuclear pore
- Linear genome becomes circular
- Viral DNA replication begins with viral DNA polymerase
- Immediate early, early, and late genes are expressed:
- "Alpha" proteins - enzymes
- "Beta" proteins - DNA binding proteins
- "Gamma" proteins - structural components
- Viral DNA is transcribed by cellular RNA polymerase II
- Maturation occurs by budding
- Newly synthesized viral DNA is packaged into preformed empty nucleocapsids in the cell nucleus
HSV Primary Infection
- Usually mild
- Recurrences are common
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Description
Test your knowledge on different programming languages and their primary uses with this engaging quiz. Select all the correct options related to the true statements and fill in the blanks thoughtfully. See how well you understand the applications of various languages!
