Programming Language Types
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the role of system software in managing computer hardware?

  • A graphic designer uses Adobe Photoshop to edit a photo.
  • A user edits a document in Microsoft Word.
  • An antivirus program scans the computer for malware.
  • The operating system manages memory allocation for running applications. (correct)

A software developer is creating a program that requires direct manipulation of hardware components. Which type of software would be most suitable for this task?

  • System Software (correct)
  • Utility Software
  • End-user Software
  • Application Software

A user wants to protect their computer from malware and optimize its performance. Which combination of software types would best address these needs?

  • Application software and utility software
  • System software and application software
  • Only system software
  • Utility software and system software (correct)

Which of the following actions represents using application software?

<p>Creating a presentation, document, or spreadsheet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A software engineer needs to develop a tool that diagnoses hardware issues, optimizes system performance, and removes unnecessary files. Which type of software should they focus on?

<p>Utility Software (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In object-oriented programming, what is the primary purpose of a class?

<p>To define a template for creating objects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a class named Car. Which of the following would most accurately represent an object of the Car class?

<p>A specific instance of a car, like 'MyRedSedan'. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within the context of object-oriented programming, how do methods relate to objects?

<p>Methods describe the behaviors that an object can perform. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a Dog class has a method called bark(), what happens when the bark() method is invoked on a Dog object named fido?

<p>The <code>fido</code> object performs the action of barking. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of an 'object' in object-oriented programming?

<p>A single, self-contained instance of a class with specific attributes and behaviors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which programming paradigm is MOST characterized by its emphasis on immutability and pure functions?

<p>Functional Programming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is MOST directly associated with bundling data and methods that operate on that data, restricting direct access from outside the object?

<p>Encapsulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where you need to optimize code for direct hardware manipulation and minimal overhead. Which type of programming language would be MOST suitable?

<p>Low-Level Programming Language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A software development team is tasked with creating a system where new classes can inherit characteristics and behaviors from existing classes, minimizing code duplication. Which OOP principle BEST supports this goal?

<p>Inheritance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option is LEAST representative of the concept of abstraction in object-oriented programming?

<p>Allowing a method to have multiple implementations based on the object type. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of computer programming, what is the MOST accurate definition of a 'computer program'?

<p>A set of instructions, written in a programming language, that a computer executes to perform a specific task. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a PRIMARY characteristic of procedural programming?

<p>Dividing a program into a sequence of instructions or procedures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is using a high-level programming language MOST advantageous?

<p>When code needs to be easily readable, writable, and maintainable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which programming paradigm is MOST suitable for applications needing to perform operations in parallel, without changing the state of data?

<p>Functional Programming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an EXAMPLE of polymorphism?

<p>A function that can operate on objects of different classes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Computer Programming

Writing instructions (code) to make a computer perform specific tasks.

Procedural Languages

Programming languages that use a step-by-step approach, dividing programs into procedures or functions.

Functional Languages

Programming languages that use mathematical functions, avoiding variable changes and focusing on inputs and outputs.

Low-Level Languages

Programming languages close to machine language, providing direct hardware access but harder to write.

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High-Level Languages

Programming languages that are easy to read and write, using human-like syntax.

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Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Organizing code into objects with data (attributes) and functions (methods) for a structured and reusable program.

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Abstraction

Showing only essential features and hiding unnecessary details of an object.

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Encapsulation

Protecting an object's data by allowing access only through methods.

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Inheritance

A class inheriting properties and methods from another class for code reuse.

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Polymorphism

A single method behaving differently based on the object it is applied to.

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Video Streaming

Watching movies or videos online.

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Playing Games

Playing video games, either on consoles, PCs, or mobile devices.

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Coding

Writing, testing, and debugging computer programs.

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Managing Files

Organizing, storing, and backing up files on a computer.

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System Software

Software that manages computer hardware and provides services for other software.

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Application Software

Software designed to perform specific tasks for users.

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Utility Software

Software that improves computer performance and security.

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Classes

A blueprint for creating objects, defining attributes and methods.

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Functions (Methods)

Functions within a class that define the behavior of objects.

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Objects

An instance of a class, with properties and behaviors defined by the class.

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Study Notes

  • Computer programming involves writing instructions (code) for computers to perform tasks.

Computer Programming Languages

  • Programming languages come in different types

Procedural Programming Languages

  • These languages follow a step-by-step process
  • A program is divided into procedures or functions
  • Example: C

Functional Programming Languages

  • Focus on mathematical functions
  • They avoid changing variables (immutability). Output depends only on the input via pure functions
  • Example: Haskell

Low Level Programming Languages

  • These are closer to machine language
  • They provide direct hardware access
  • They are fast and efficient but harder to write and understand
  • Example: Assembly

High-Level Programming Languages

  • Designed for ease of reading, writing, and understanding
  • Human-like syntax is used and complex operations are handled behind the scenes
  • Example: Python

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

  • OOP organizes code into objects. Objects encompass data (attributes) and functions (methods) that operate on the data
  • OOP makes programs more structured, reusable, and manageable

OOP Features

  • OOP has multiple key features

Abstraction

  • Hiding unnecessary details, revealing only essential object features

Encapsulation

  • Hiding an object's data, allowing access exclusively through methods for protection

Inheritance

  • Allowing a class to inherit properties/methods from another class

Polymorphism

  • Allowing a single method to behave differently based on the object it's applied to

Computer Program

  • Set of instructions in a programming language, directing a computer's actions

Regular Computer Use

  • Browsing the Internet for emails, social media, or research
  • Writing Documents using word processors like Microsoft Word or Google Docs
  • Watching Videos via streaming platforms like YouTube
  • Playing Games on video game consoles or mobile devices
  • Coding to write, test programs, or learn new programming languages
  • Managing Files to store, organize, and back up files

Types of Computer Software

  • There are multiple types of software

System Software

  • Helps the computer operate and manage its hardware
  • Examples: Windows, Linux, macOS, Printer drivers

Application Software

  • Software designed for specific user tasks
  • Examples: Microsoft Word, Google Chrome, Spotify

Utility Software

  • Software that improves performance and security
  • Examples: Antivirus (Avast), Disk Cleanup (CCleaner), Backup Software (Google Drive)

Object-Oriented Programming Concepts

  • OOP has specific defining concepets

Classes

  • Blueprint for creating objects
  • It defines attributes (data) and methods (functions)

Functions (Methods)

  • Functions inside a class which define object behavior

Objects

  • An object is an instance of a class
  • Objects contain properties and behaviors defined in the class

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Related Documents

Computer Programming Concepts - Learn Programming Basics

Description

Explanation of different types of programming languages. Covers procedural, functional, low-level, high-level and object-oriented programming languages. Includes examples of each type of programming language like C, Haskell and Python.

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