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Questions and Answers
What is multiprogramming?
What is multiprogramming?
The scheduling procedure that increases throughput by minimizing idle time.
Which of the following is not a computer?
Which of the following is not a computer?
- Desktop
- Smartphone
- Laptop
- LAN (correct)
The ___ language has become widely used for writing software for computer networking and for distributed client/server applications.
The ___ language has become widely used for writing software for computer networking and for distributed client/server applications.
Java
The ___ is a global network of computers.
The ___ is a global network of computers.
Which of the following statements is true?
Which of the following statements is true?
Which of the following is not one of the three general types of computer languages?
Which of the following is not one of the three general types of computer languages?
Today, virtually all new major operating systems are written in:
Today, virtually all new major operating systems are written in:
C++ is a:
C++ is a:
Java was originally developed for:
Java was originally developed for:
Which of the following statements about Java Class Libraries is false?
Which of the following statements about Java Class Libraries is false?
The .class extension on a file means that the file:
The .class extension on a file means that the file:
The command ____ executes a Java application.
The command ____ executes a Java application.
______ is a graphical language that allows people who design software systems to use an industry standard notation to represent them.
______ is a graphical language that allows people who design software systems to use an industry standard notation to represent them.
______ models software in terms similar to those that people use to describe real-world objects.
______ models software in terms similar to those that people use to describe real-world objects.
______ helps Internet-based applications perform like desktop applications.
______ helps Internet-based applications perform like desktop applications.
_____ is one of many agile development methodologies.
_____ is one of many agile development methodologies.
End-of-line comments that should be ignored by the compiler are denoted using:
End-of-line comments that should be ignored by the compiler are denoted using:
Which of the following is not a valid Java identifier?
Which of the following is not a valid Java identifier?
Which of the following cannot cause a syntax error to be reported by the Java compiler?
Which of the following cannot cause a syntax error to be reported by the Java compiler?
Which of the following is not a syntax error?
Which of the following is not a syntax error?
Which command compiles the Java source code file Welcome.java?
Which command compiles the Java source code file Welcome.java?
Which command executes the Java class file Welcome.class?
Which command executes the Java class file Welcome.class?
Which is the output of the following statements? System.out.print("Hello "); System.out.println("World");
Which is the output of the following statements? System.out.print("Hello "); System.out.println("World");
Which of the following characters is the escape character?
Which of the following characters is the escape character?
Which of the following statements will print a single line containing 'hello there'?
Which of the following statements will print a single line containing 'hello there'?
Which of the following escape sequences represents carriage return?
Which of the following escape sequences represents carriage return?
Which of the following statements would display the phrase 'Java is fun'?
Which of the following statements would display the phrase 'Java is fun'?
When the method printf requires multiple arguments, the arguments are separated with _____.
When the method printf requires multiple arguments, the arguments are separated with _____.
Which of the following statement displays 'Hello World'?
Which of the following statement displays 'Hello World'?
All import declarations must be placed _____.
All import declarations must be placed _____.
Which of the following is a variable declaration statement?
Which of the following is a variable declaration statement?
A(n) ______ enables a program to read data from the user.
A(n) ______ enables a program to read data from the user.
Which of the following is not a Java primitive type?
Which of the following is not a Java primitive type?
The format specifier _____ is a placeholder for an int value.
The format specifier _____ is a placeholder for an int value.
Which of the following statements does not alter a memory location?
Which of the following statements does not alter a memory location?
What is the value of result after the following Java statements execute? int a, b, c, d, result; a = 4; b = 12; c = 37; d = 51; result = d % a * c + a % b + a;
What is the value of result after the following Java statements execute? int a, b, c, d, result; a = 4; b = 12; c = 37; d = 51; result = d % a * c + a % b + a;
List the following operators in the order that they will be evaluated: -, *, /, +, %. Assume that two operations have the same precedence, the one listed first will be evaluated first.
List the following operators in the order that they will be evaluated: -, *, /, +, %. Assume that two operations have the same precedence, the one listed first will be evaluated first.
Which of the following is not an arithmetic operator?
Which of the following is not an arithmetic operator?
What will be output after the following Java statements have been executed? int a, b, c, d; a = 4; b = 12; c = 37; d = 51; if (a < b) System.out.println("a < b"); if (a > b) System.out.println("a > b"); if (d < a)
What will be output after the following Java statements have been executed? int a, b, c, d; a = 4; b = 12; c = 37; d = 51; if (a < b) System.out.println("a < b"); if (a > b) System.out.println("a > b"); if (d < a)
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Study Notes
Programming Concepts
- Multiprogramming: A scheduling technique that improves system throughput by reducing idle time.
- LAN (Local Area Network): A network structure that connects a limited geographical area, typically not a computer.
- Java: A widely utilized programming language for computer networking and distributed client/server applications.
- Internet: A vast global network connecting millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks.
Programming Languages
- Compilers: Software that converts high-level programming languages into machine language for execution.
- Spoken Languages: Not classified as one of the three main types of computer languages.
- C or C++: Predominantly used languages for developing new major operating systems.
- C++: Recognized as a hybrid object-oriented programming language.
Java Specifics
- Java Development: Initially created for intelligent consumer devices; it emphasizes portability with its class libraries.
- Java Class Files: Files produced by the Java compiler, denoted with the .class extension.
- Execution Command: The command
javais used to run Java applications.
Software Design and Methodologies
- Unified Modeling Language (UML): A visual language enabling software designers to represent systems using standard notations.
- Object-oriented programming: A programming paradigm that describes software in terms of real-world objects.
- Ajax: A technique allowing Internet applications to function similarly to desktop applications.
- Refactoring: A practice within agile development methodologies aimed at improving code structure without altering functionality.
Comments and Syntax
- End-of-line Comments: Represented in Java using two forward slashes (
//), allowing the compiler to ignore them. - Java Identifiers: Must adhere to specific rules; for example, “my Value” is not a valid identifier due to the space.
- Syntax Errors: Not all formatting issues, such as extra blank lines, generate syntax errors in Java code.
Output and Format Specification
- System.out.println(): Standard method for outputting data, with various forms generating specific result outputs such as
System.out.print("Hello "); System.out.println("World");, which results in "Hello World". - Escape Characters: The backslash (
\) is the key escape character for special formatting in strings.
Input and Output Handling
- Printing with printf: The method
System.out.printfutilizes format specifiers, with%sas a placeholder for strings. - Variable Declaration: Import statements, like
import java.util.Scanner;, enable usage of classes within Java programs.
Java Data Types and Operations
- Primitive Types: Java comprises several primitive types; "real" is not one of them.
- Memory Alteration: Declaration statements such as
int a;do not modify memory locations until assigned. - Operators Precedence: Arithmetic operators evaluated in Java follow a specific order:
*, /, %, +, -from highest to lowest priority.
Conditional Statements
- Relational Operators: Java supports relational checks; example provided where
System.out.println("a < b")executes if condition met. - Output of Conditions: Proper understanding of relational, equality, and logical operators is essential for flow control and conditional logic.
These notes provide a concise overview of key programming concepts, Java language specifics, syntax rules, and operations relevant to Chapters 1 and 2.
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