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Questions and Answers
What is a common use of computers at school?
What is an example of a device that is a computer?
What is a program in a computer?
What is software commonly referred to as?
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Who creates computer software?
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What is the physical device that a computer is made of referred to as?
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What is the term for the programs that run on a computer?
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What is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a computer system?
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What is the term used to describe when a computer performs the tasks that a program tells it to do?
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What is a computer system composed of?
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What type of computer is ENIAC, built in 1945?
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What is the purpose of the secondary storage component in a computer system?
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What is the primary component of a computer system that cannot run software?
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What is the diagram shown in Figure 1-2 illustrating?
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Why were other programming languages invented?
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What type of mistake is a syntax error?
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What is the primary function of the CPU?
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What is the instruction set?
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What is the purpose of a compiler?
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What is the term for individual instructions written in a programming language?
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What do machine language instructions consist of?
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What is the term used to describe the CPU's execution of instructions?
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What does an interpreter do?
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What is the term for a set of rules that must be strictly followed when writing a program?
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What is a characteristic of the CPU?
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What is an example of system software?
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What is the term for words or phrases that have a specific meaning and purpose in a programming language?
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What is the term for programs that make a computer useful for every day tasks?
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What are the three steps in the fetch-decode-execute cycle?
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What type of language do computers understand?
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What is the purpose of an assembler?
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What is an example of a high-level language?
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Why is machine language difficult to write?
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What is the term for short words used in assembly language?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Computers and Programming
- People use computers at school, work, and home for various tasks such as writing papers, analyzing data, making presentations, and communicating.
- Devices that are considered computers include smartphones, iPods, tablets, and car navigation systems.
Programmers and Software
- A program is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.
- Programmers or software developers create computer software.
- Software is commonly referred to as programs.
Hardware and Software
- Hardware refers to the physical devices that a computer is made of.
- A computer system consists of a central processing unit (CPU), main memory, secondary storage, input devices, and output devices.
- The CPU, also known as the processor, runs the programs.
CPU and its Functions
- The CPU is the most important component in a computer.
- CPU is not smart, it's an electronic device designed to perform specific tasks.
- CPU's functions include reading data from main memory, performing arithmetic operations, and moving data between memory locations.
How a Program Works
- Key words or reserved words have specific meaning and purpose in a programming language.
- Operators perform various operations on data.
- Syntax is a set of rules that must be strictly followed when writing a program.
- Statements are individual instructions written in a programming language.
Compilers and Interpreters
- Source code is translated to machine language using a compiler or an interpreter.
- A compiler is a program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.
- An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program.
Types of Software
- Programs generally fit into one of two categories: system software and application software.
- System software controls or enhances the operation of a computer, including operating systems, utility programs, and software development tools.
- Application software makes a computer useful for everyday tasks, including Microsoft Word, email programs, and web browsers.
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Description
Learn the fundamental concepts of programming, including key words, operators, syntax, and statements. Understand how a program works and the rules that govern programming languages.
