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Questions and Answers
Which organ is primarily responsible for the production of red blood cells during the middle trimester of gestation?
Which organ is primarily responsible for the production of red blood cells during the middle trimester of gestation?
- Liver (correct)
- Bone marrow
- Yolk sac
- Spleen
Red blood cells are produced exclusively in the bone marrow after birth.
Red blood cells are produced exclusively in the bone marrow after birth.
True (A)
What is the primary site of red blood cell production for individuals aged 0 to 5 years?
What is the primary site of red blood cell production for individuals aged 0 to 5 years?
All bones
During the ________ weeks of embryonic life, primitive red blood cells are produced in the yolk sac.
During the ________ weeks of embryonic life, primitive red blood cells are produced in the yolk sac.
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Match the age groups with their respective red blood cell production sites:
Match the age groups with their respective red blood cell production sites:
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Study Notes
Embryonic Development of RBCs
- During early embryonic life, RBCs are produced in the yolk sac and are primitive and nucleated.
- In the middle trimester of gestation, the liver takes over as the primary site for RBC production, supplemented by the spleen and lymph nodes.
RBC Production After Birth
- In the last month of gestation and continuing after birth, RBC production shifts exclusively to the bone marrow.
Age-Related Changes in RBC Production
- 0-5 years: RBC production occurs in all bones, providing adequate supply for growth.
- 5-20 years: RBCs are produced in all bones except the proximal ends of the humeri and tibiae, indicating a shift toward more localized production.
- 20 years and older: RBC production is limited to membranous bones, including vertebrae, sternum, ribs, and ilia, as overall production capability diminishes with age.
General Trends
- Overall, bone marrow productivity declines with increasing age, reflecting changes in the body’s hematopoietic capabilities.
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