Questions and Answers
What is aging?
A policy used to ensure that jobs that have been in the system for a long time in the lower-level queues will eventually complete their execution.
What is context switching?
The act of saving a job's processing information in its PCB so the job can be swapped out of memory and loading the processing information from the PCB of another job.
What is a CPU-bound job?
A job that will perform a great deal of nonstop processing before issuing an interrupt.
What does FCFS stand for?
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What is an I/O-bound job?
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What is indefinite postponement?
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What is an interrupt?
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What is an interrupt handler?
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What is a job scheduler?
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What does job status indicate?
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What is a middle-level scheduler?
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What are multiple-level queues?
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What does multiprogramming allow?
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What is a natural wait?
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What is a nonpreemptive scheduling policy?
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What is a preemptive scheduling policy?
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What is priority scheduling?
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What is a process?
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What is a Process Control Block (PCB)?
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What is a Process scheduler?
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What is a process scheduling algorithm?
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What is a process scheduling policy?
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What does process status indicate?
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What is a processor?
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What is a program?
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What is a queue?
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Study Notes
Processor Management Key Concepts
- Aging: Ensures long-waiting jobs in lower-level queues eventually complete their execution.
- Context Switching: Involves saving a job's state in its Process Control Block (PCB) and loading another job's state for CPU processing; vital in preemptive scheduling.
- CPU-bound Jobs: Characterized by extensive processing before producing interrupts, requiring significant CPU time.
- First Come, First Served (FCFS): A nonpreemptive scheduling algorithm that processes jobs based on their arrival time.
- I/O-bound Jobs: Depend on numerous input/output operations, leading to significant idle CPU time.
- Indefinite Postponement: Occurs when a job is delayed forever due to continuous preemption by other jobs.
- Interrupt: A hardware signal that halts a program's execution, triggering the interrupt handler.
- Interrupt Handler: Manages the actions taken by the operating system in response to interrupts.
- Job Scheduler: A high-level component that selects jobs for processing based on their characteristics from incoming queues.
- Job Status: Represents the condition of a job throughout its execution lifecycle, from start to completion.
- Middle-level Scheduler: Manages processes that have been interrupted for exceeding CPU time slices.
- Multiple-level Queues: A scheduling strategy categorizing jobs based on shared features.
- Multiprogramming: Enables a single processor to run multiple programs simultaneously by overlapping I/O and CPU tasks.
- Natural Wait: Refers to the waiting period of a program in response to I/O requests in a multiprogramming context.
- Nonpreemptive Scheduling Policy: Jobs run to completion once started, without being interrupted until they submit an I/O request or finish.
- Preemptive Scheduling Policy: Allows the interruption of jobs based on set criteria, commonly used in time-sharing systems.
- Priority Scheduling: A nonpreemptive method prioritizing high-priority jobs over lower-priority ones.
- Process: An instance of a program in execution, monitored and managed by the operating system.
- Process Control Block (PCB): Contains details regarding a process's current status and attributes.
- Process Scheduler: A low-level scheduler that orders processes in the READY queue for CPU servicing.
- Process Scheduling Algorithm: Algorithms that determine how the job scheduler allocates CPU time and manages job execution.
- Process Scheduling Policy: Guidelines utilized by the processor manager for the order of job execution.
- Process Status: Information tracked in the PCB detailing a job's current position and resource usage.
- Processor: Refers to the CPU or any component capable of executing sequences of operations.
- Program: An interactive unit, such as a file located on a disk.
- Queue: A linked list of PCBs indicating the sequence in which jobs or processes will be serviced.
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Description
This quiz consists of flashcards focused on key concepts within Processor Management, specifically from Chapter 4. It includes important definitions such as aging and context switching that are essential for understanding job scheduling and resource management in an operating system.