98 Questions
What is the main task of the Long-Term Scheduler?
Select processes from the pool and maintain them in the ready queue
Which of the following is NOT a scheduling objective mentioned in the text?
Minimize response times
Which scheduler is responsible for selecting jobs from the pool (secondary memory) and maintaining them in the ready queue?
Long-Term Scheduler
What is the goal of the Long-Term Scheduler?
Select the best mix of IO and CPU bound processes
Which type of scheduler decides which process to run on the system?
Short-Term Scheduler
What is one of the responsibilities of the OS scheduler mentioned in the text?
Select jobs to be submitted into the system
Why is it important to maximize CPU utilization?
To improve system efficiency and productivity
What does a high throughput indicate?
Efficient task processing
Why is it important to minimize waiting time in CPU scheduling?
As it reflects the efficiency of the scheduling algorithm
What is the significance of maximizing throughput in batch processing systems?
Improving system efficiency and productivity
How does minimizing turnaround time impact user satisfaction?
It reflects the overall efficiency of the system
In CPU scheduling, why is it crucial to prioritize response time?
Because a long response time reduces system efficiency
Which CPU scheduling algorithm aims to reduce response time for tasks that require immediate attention?
Round Robin
Which criterion measures the amount of time a task or process waits in the ready queue before being processed by the CPU?
Waiting Time
What is the main goal of multilevel queue scheduling in operating systems?
To strike a balance between fairness and performance
Which type of processes are typically given the highest priority in the multilevel queue architecture?
System Processes
What are batch processes in the context of multilevel queue scheduling?
Resource-intensive processes executed in the background
Which queue is prioritized for interactive processes that need quick system responses?
Foreground Queue
Why are system processes like device drivers and interrupt handlers placed in the System Queue?
Because they require special permissions for completion
In multilevel queue scheduling, what is the purpose of sorting processes into different queues?
To group processes based on their priority and characteristics
Which processes are executed before other types of processes in the multilevel queue architecture?
System Processes
What is the major difference between interactive and batch processes in multilevel queue scheduling?
Interactive processes demand immediate user responses, while batch processes are non-interactive
'Foreground Queue' in multilevel queue scheduling is primarily used for which type of processes?
Interactive processes demanding quick responses
'Real-time Queue' in multilevel queue scheduling is reserved for which kind of processes?
Processes demanding lengthy execution times
What is one advantage of using MLFQ scheduling in real-time systems?
Improved response time for procedures
In what scenario is MLFQ commonly used to enhance the user experience?
Playing games
What is a key feature of MLFQ scheduling that allows it to optimize CPU utilization?
Dynamic priority adjustment based on process behavior
What is one disadvantage of MLFQ scheduling mentioned in the text?
Priority inversion causing delays for high-priority tasks
How does MLFQ scheduling handle background tasks like listening to audio or communicating?
By giving them lower priority than other tasks
What is a characteristic of MLFQ scheduling that makes it challenging to implement compared to simpler techniques?
Complex management of queues with varying priorities and time quantum
What is the primary function of the Long-Term scheduler?
Controls the degree of multiprogramming by selecting processes
What can happen if the Short-Term scheduler selects a job with a long CPU burst time?
The processes may experience hunger due to delays
Which scheduler is responsible for removing processes from memory and handling swapped out-processes?
Medium-Term scheduler
In CPU scheduling, what is the importance of maximizing CPU utilization and throughput?
Improves resource allocation efficiency
What role do CPU scheduling algorithms play in ensuring fairness in multi-user environments?
Ensure all processes have equal access to the CPU
Which criterion measures the percentage of time the CPU is busy processing a task?
CPU utilization
What happens if the Short-Term scheduler makes a mistake in selecting work?
Processes may experience starvation due to delays
How does the Medium-Term scheduler contribute to reducing the degree of multiprogramming?
[It reduces the degree of multiprogramming]
What is the main purpose of assigning priorities to queues in multilevel queue scheduling?
To ensure that crucial tasks are executed first
In multilevel queue scheduling, what happens if a process keeps getting assigned to a lower-priority queue and never gets a chance to run?
The process may experience starvation
What benefit does multilevel queue scheduling provide for interactive processes?
Quick reaction times
Why is careful selection of scheduling algorithms and priorities essential in multilevel queue scheduling?
To avoid subpar performance
What is a major drawback of using multiple queues in multilevel queue scheduling?
Higher chances of process starvation
How does multilevel feedback queue scheduling differ from multilevel queue scheduling?
MLFQ adjusts priorities based on process behavior
What is the purpose of having shorter delay periods for higher priority queues in MLFQ?
To expedite the execution of high-priority tasks
What is the formula for calculating waiting time in the SJN algorithm?
Service Time - Arrival Time
What is a disadvantage of the SJN algorithm?
It is impossible to implement in systems where CPU time is unknown.
In Priority Scheduling, what happens when a higher priority task arrives while a lower priority task is being executed?
The higher priority task is suspended until the lower priority task completes.
What is a common disadvantage of the Preemptive Priority CPU Scheduling Algorithm?
Starvation Problem
In Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF), what happens if short processes are continually added?
Short processes may be held off indefinitely.
What does Round Robin CPU Scheduling algorithm focus on?
Starvation-free balanced CPU allocation
Which scheduling algorithm is based on the concept of 'First come, first serve'?
First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) Scheduling
Which scheduling algorithm is known for supporting both preemptive and non-preemptive CPU scheduling?
First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) Scheduling
What is a disadvantage of First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) Scheduling?
Convoy effect
In SJN scheduling, what happens if two processes have the same burst time?
FCFS scheduling is used to break the tie
What distinguishes Preemptive SJN from Non-Preemptive SJN scheduling?
Processes can be interrupted during execution
Which scheduling algorithm is known for its simplicity and ease of implementation?
First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) Scheduling
What factor contributes to the inefficiency of First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) Scheduling?
High average waiting time
What is the main goal of the Long-Term Scheduler?
Selecting the best mix of IO and CPU bound processes
Which type of scheduler primarily handles process scheduling in various ways?
Job Scheduler
What is the primary function of the Short-Term Scheduler?
Deciding which process to run
What does the OS scheduler govern regarding tasks in the ready and run queues?
Balancing resource use
Which criterion mainly characterizes the responsibility of Schedulers in process scheduling?
Maximizing throughput
Why is it important to minimize turnaround time in CPU scheduling?
To reflect the overall efficiency of the system and enhance user satisfaction.
Which scheduling algorithm is effective in batch processing systems for completing shorter jobs first?
Shortest Job First (SJF)
What is the significance of minimizing waiting time in CPU scheduling?
To increase system efficiency and improve user satisfaction.
Which criterion measures the number of tasks completed within a specific period?
Throughput
Why is it crucial to minimize response time in CPU scheduling?
To ensure quick and efficient task processing for enhanced user satisfaction.
What is one potential consequence of the Short-Term scheduler selecting a job with a long CPU burst time?
CPU will be idle for the majority of the time
What is the main role of the Medium-Term scheduler?
Handle the swapping of processes between memory and secondary storage
How does the Long-Term scheduler's speed compare to that of the Short-Term scheduler?
Long-Term scheduler's speed is slower than Short-Term scheduler
What happens if a suspended process in the Medium-Term scheduler makes an I/O request?
It gets removed from memory and swapped out to secondary storage
Why is efficient resource utilization important in CPU scheduling?
To improve system throughput and productivity
What is a major drawback of Preemptive Shortest Job Next (SJN) scheduling compared to Non-Preemptive SJN scheduling?
Higher average waiting time
Which statement best describes the Convoy effect as it relates to First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) scheduling?
It causes processes with short burst times to wait behind long processes.
What is a key difference between Shortest Remaining Time and Shortest Job Next scheduling algorithms?
Use of preemptive vs. non-preemptive approaches
What is the primary challenge of implementing Multilevel Queue scheduling in comparison to Round Robin (RR) scheduling?
Managing priority levels effectively
How can the 'Convoy effect' observed in First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) scheduling be alleviated?
By implementing a preemptive scheduling algorithm
What is a characteristic of Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF) scheduling that distinguishes it from Shortest Job First (SJF)?
SRTF has a higher context switch overhead compared to SJF.
What makes Round Robin CPU Scheduling algorithm different from First Come First Serve (FCFS) in terms of priority handling?
Round Robin allocates the CPU based on arrival time rather than priority.
What is one significant drawback of implementing Priority Scheduling compared to other CPU scheduling algorithms?
Priority Scheduling may cause process starvation.
How does Priority Scheduling differ from Round Robin in terms of handling task priorities?
Round Robin allocates CPU based on task priority levels.
What distinguishes Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF) scheduling from Round Robin in terms of process handling?
SRTF dynamically adjusts task priorities during execution.
What is a potential consequence of not carefully selecting scheduling algorithms and priorities in multilevel queue scheduling?
System instability and subpar performance
Why might a process experience starvation in a multilevel feedback queue scheduling system?
Being assigned to a lower-priority queue
Which scenario is a drawback of using multiple queues in multilevel queue scheduling?
Inefficient resource use if not properly managed
In the context of multilevel feedback queue scheduling, why are shorter delay periods beneficial for higher-priority queues?
To reduce the processing delay for important tasks
What is a key advantage of using multilevel feedback queue scheduling in real-time systems?
Enhanced response time for critical tasks
What is the main objective of multilevel queue scheduling?
Balancing fairness and performance in resource allocation
Which type of processes are typically placed in the Background Queue in multilevel queue scheduling?
Batch processes
What makes the Foreground Queue unique compared to other queues in multilevel queue scheduling?
Processes in this queue demand quick system responses
Why are system processes typically granted the highest priority in the MLQ architecture?
Because they handle critical system operations
What is the significance of prioritizing real-time processes in the Real-time Queue of multilevel queue scheduling?
For rapid response from the system
What is a key advantage of MLFQ scheduling in terms of CPU utilization?
Automatically adjusting process priorities based on behavior
Which aspect of MLFQ scheduling can lead to decreased system performance due to the need for constant tracking?
Overhead
What is a common disadvantage associated with MLFQ scheduling due to its complexity?
Priority Inversion
Why does MLFQ scheduling make it challenging to predict the completion time of processes?
Poor Predictability
In what way does MLFQ scheduling optimize CPU utilization by preempting processes?
By preempting when allocated time quantum expires
Test your knowledge on optimal scheduling algorithms and prioritization strategies for different process queues. Learn which algorithms work best for different types of processes and how to assign priority levels to queues.
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