Process Concept (Cont.)

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What is the purpose of the long-term scheduler in a time-sharing system?

To perform context switches and save the state of old processes when the CPU switches to a new process
To control the degree of multiprogramming by selecting which processes should be brought into the ready queue (correct)
To select which processes should be executed next on the CPU
To manage the various queues of processes, such as the job queue and device queues

Which of the following best describes the difference between an I/O-bound process and a CPU-bound process?

I/O-bound processes spend more time doing I/O than computations, while CPU-bound processes spend more time doing computations than I/O. (correct)
I/O-bound processes spend more time doing computations, while CPU-bound processes spend more time doing I/O.
I/O-bound processes have longer CPU bursts, while CPU-bound processes have shorter CPU bursts.
I/O-bound processes have a higher priority for the CPU scheduler, while CPU-bound processes have a lower priority.

When a CPU switches to a new process, what is the purpose of a context switch?

To manage the various queues of processes, such as the job queue and device queues
To save the state of the old process and load the saved state for the new process (correct)
To control the degree of multiprogramming by selecting which processes should be brought into the ready queue
To select which process should be executed next and allocate the CPU to that process

What is the primary difference between the short-term scheduler and the long-term scheduler in a time-sharing system?

The short-term scheduler is invoked frequently (in milliseconds), while the long-term scheduler is invoked infrequently (in seconds or minutes). (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a parent process and its child processes?

Parent and child processes can share a subset of the parent's resources. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of interprocess communication (IPC) in a time-sharing system?

To enable cooperating processes to share data and affect or be affected by one another. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of a process?

System kernel code (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Process Control Block (PCB)?

To store information about each process (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the process scheduler?

To select the next process for execution on the CPU (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the heap in a process?

To store memory dynamically allocated during run time (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid process state?

Idle (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the stack in a process?

To store temporary data, function parameters, return addresses, and local variables (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between a program and a process?

A program is stored on disk, while a process is stored in memory. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is a process created?

Both a and b. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a process's program counter?

To specify the next instruction to be executed. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a resource that a process needs to complete its execution successfully?

All of the above. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between a program and a process in terms of execution?

A program is executed sequentially, while a process can be executed concurrently. (C) Signup and view all the answers