Probability Sampling Methods Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a probability sampling method?

  • Simple Random Sampling
  • Systematic Random Sampling
  • Stratified Random Sampling
  • Convenience Sampling (correct)

    • What is the purpose of using purposive sampling?

  • To select participants from a specific geographic location.
  • To use the participants' knowledge to recruit other potential participants.
  • To ensure that subgroups of a population are represented in the sample.
  • To select participants based on their knowledge about the topic or their specific characteristics. (correct)

    • In non-probability sampling, every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

    False

    Which of the following is NOT a reason why we use non-probability sampling?

    <p>To ensure equal representation of each strata within a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between probability and non-probability sampling?

    <p>Probability sampling involves selecting participants randomly, where each member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen. Non-probability sampling, on the other hand, relies on specific criteria or characteristics to select participants, making it non-random and potentially biased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is commonly used to access hard-to-reach populations?

    <p>Snowball Sampling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non-probability sampling is always more accurate than probability sampling.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In quota sampling, the sample is selected based purely on the availability of participants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systematic sampling is a type of non-probability sampling.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The findings from non-probability sampling are always considered to have lower external validity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key consideration when using any type of sampling method?

    <p>Representativeness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the importance of computation in determining the sample size for research.

    <p>When calculating the sample size, computation ensures that the collected data is sufficient to accurately represent the target population and enable reliable analysis and generalization of the findings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of using non-probability sampling?

    <p>Non-probability sampling techniques offer advantages such as accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and the ability to focus on specific characteristics or populations of interest. They can be helpful in exploratory studies, pilot testing, and situations where random selection is not feasible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Probability Sampling Methods

    • Probability sampling ensures each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
    • This is in contrast to non-probability sampling, where members of the population do not have equal opportunities to be selected.
    • Researchers use probability sampling when they want to generalize findings to the entire population.

    Simple Random Sampling

    • Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
    • Assign numbers to population members.
    • Randomly select numbers from the list.

    Stratified Random Sampling

    • Divides the population into homogenous subgroups (strata).
    • Ensures equal representation of each subgroup in the sample
    • Randomly select members from each subgroup.

    Systematic Random Sampling

    • Used when simple random sampling or stratified random sampling is not practical.
    • Number each unit in the population.
    • Calculate an interval size (k) based on population size and desired sample size.
    • Select every kth unit.

    Cluster Sampling

    • Used when members of a population are spread across a large geographic area.
    • Randomly select clusters that become part of the sample.
    • Randomly select units from each selected cluster.
    • Important criteria for cluster selection: diverse population, similar distribution within clusters, no overlap between clusters.

    Calculating the Sample Size

    • Slovin's Formula: n = N / (1 + Ne2)
      • N = Total population
      • n = Sample size
      • e = Margin of error (depends on confidence level)
    • Simple Random Sampling Calculation: n = (Z-score)2 * SD(1-SD) / (margin of error)2
      • Z-score: Depends on the confidence level (90%, 95%, 99% etc.)
      • SD = Standard deviation

    Non-Probability Sampling

    • Members of the population do not have equal opportunities to be selected.
    • Often used when the research does not aim to generalize findings to the entire population.

    Convenience Sampling

    • Participants are selected based on availability.
    • Also known as accidental or incidental sampling.
    • Often used in pilot studies or exploratory research.

    Quota Sampling

    • Ensures subgroups of a population are represented in the sample.
    • Selection is based on the percentage represented by each member of the population.
    • Similar to stratified sampling but not random.

    Purposive Sampling

    • Participants are selected based on their knowledge about the topic.
    • Also known as judgmental sampling.
    • Participants are chosen for the purpose of the study.

    Snowball Sampling

    • Participants recruit/endorse other people to become participants.
    • Useful for hard-to-find participants.
    • Selecting the most "typical" members of a population.
    • Based on identified characteristics found within the research context.

    General Information

    • Sampling is a critical step in quantitative research to ensure a representative sample.
    • Researchers need to choose the appropriate sampling method based on the study's objectives and the population.
    • Non-probability sampling methods often have lower external validity.

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    Related Documents

    Sampling Technique - Probability PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on probability sampling methods, including Simple Random Sampling, Stratified Random Sampling, and Systematic Random Sampling. Understand the importance of equal selection chances in research and how various techniques ensure accurate representation of populations.

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