Probability: Bernoulli and Binomial Distributions
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Questions and Answers

What is the probability mass function (PMF) of the binomial distribution?

The PMF of the binomial distribution is given by: $P(X=x) = \binom{n}{x} p^x q^{(n-x)}$, for $x = 0, 1, 2, \ldots, n$, and 0 otherwise.

What is the mean of the binomial distribution?

The mean of the binomial distribution is $np$.

What is the variance of the binomial distribution?

The variance of the binomial distribution is $npq$, where $q = 1 - p$.

In the same example, what is the probability that Pat gets all 10 answers correct by guessing?

<p>The probability that Pat gets all 10 answers correct is 0.0000001024.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example with the quiz consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions, what is the probability that Pat gets exactly 1 answer correct by guessing?

<p>The probability that Pat gets exactly 1 answer correct is 0.2684.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example with the basket containing 20 good oranges and 80 bad oranges, if 3 oranges are drawn at random, what is the probability of getting exactly 2 good oranges?

<p>The probability of getting exactly 2 good oranges is $\binom{3}{2} \left(\frac{20}{100}\right)^2 \left(\frac{80}{100}\right)^{(3-2)} = 0.2048$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose a random variable X follows a binomial distribution with parameters n and p. Express the mean of X in terms of its variance.

<p>The mean of X can be expressed as $np = \frac{npq}{q}$, where the variance of X is npq.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example with the random sample of 5 students from a college where 20% are girls, what is the probability of having at most 2 girls in the sample?

<p>The probability of having at most 2 girls in the sample is 0.94208.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Binomial PMF

The probability of getting exactly x successes in n independent trials, where each trial has a probability of success p.

Binomial Mean

The average number of successes expected in a sequence of binomial trials.

Binomial Variance

Measures how spread out the binomial distribution is around its mean. It's calculated as n times p times q, where q is the probability of failure.

Binomial Probability

The probability of getting exactly x successes in n independent trials, each with a probability of success p. It's calculated as n choose x times p raised to the power of x times q raised to the power of n minus x.

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Binomial Mean in terms of Variance

The mean of a binomial random variable can be expressed in terms of its variance by dividing the variance by q, which is the probability of failure.

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Cumulative Binomial Probability

The sum of the probabilities for all possible outcomes from 0 to k, where k is the maximum number of successes in n trials.

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Binomial Distribution

A probabilistic model used to describe the probability of a certain number of successes in a sequence of n independent trials, each of which can have only two outcomes, success or failure, with a constant probability of success p.

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Binomial Parameter n

A number that represents the maximum number of possible successes in a series of trials in a binomial distribution.

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Study Notes

Bernoulli Distribution

  • The probability density function (P.D.F) of Binomial Distribution is: P(X=x) = 𝑛𝑐𝑥 𝑃𝑥 𝑞(𝑛−𝑥) = 0 ,otherwise

Properties of Binomial Distribution

  • Mean of Binomial Distribution (B.D) = np
  • Variance of B.D = npq

Example 1: Quiz with 10 MCQ

  • Probability of Pat getting 1 answer correct: P(X=1) = 10𝑐 1 (0.2)1 (0.8)(10−1) = 0.2684
  • Probability of Pat getting all 10 answers correct: P(X=10) = 10𝑐 10 (0.2)10 (0.8)(10−10) = 0.0000001024

Example 2: Random Sample of Students

  • Probability of at most two girls in a random sample of 5 students: P(atmost two girls) = P(X=0) + P(X=1) + P(X=2) = 0.94208

Example 3: Drawing Oranges from a Basket

  • Probability of drawing 3 oranges (good or bad) from a basket with 20 good and 80 bad oranges

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Description

Learn about the properties of Bernoulli distribution and Binomial distribution, including the probability mass function, mean, and variance. Solve a probability problem related to guessing answers in a quiz with multiple-choice questions.

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