Probability - Algebra 2 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is an experiment in probability?

An operation, process, or activity in which outcomes can be used to estimate probability.

What is a trial in probability?

A single repetition or observation of an experiment.

What is an outcome?

A possible result of a probability experiment.

What is a sample space?

The set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment. Signup and view all the answers

What is an event in probability?

The outcome or set of outcomes in a probability experiment. Signup and view all the answers

What is probability?

A number from 0 to 1 that is the measure of how likely an event is to occur. Signup and view all the answers

What is experimental probability?

The ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the number of trials. Signup and view all the answers

What are equally likely outcomes?

Outcomes that have the same probability of occurring. Signup and view all the answers

What is theoretical probability?

The ratio of the number of equally likely outcomes in an event to the total number of possible outcomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the complement of an event?

All outcomes in the sample space that are not in an event E. Signup and view all the answers

What are independent events?

Events for which the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one event does not affect the probability of the other event. Signup and view all the answers

What are dependent events?

Events for which the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one event affects the probability of the other event. Signup and view all the answers

What are compound events?

An event made up of two or more simple events. Signup and view all the answers

What is a combination?

A selection of a group of objects in which order is not important. Signup and view all the answers

What is a permutation?

A selection of a group of objects in which order is important. Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental counting principle?

For n items, if there are m1 ways to choose a first item, m2 ways to choose a second item, then there are m1 times m2 ways to choose n items. Signup and view all the answers

What is factorial?

The product of the natural numbers less than or equal to the number. Signup and view all the answers

What are favorable outcomes?

The outcomes for the particular event you are considering. Signup and view all the answers

What is geometric probability?

A probability that involves a geometric measure such as length or area. Signup and view all the answers

What is conditional probability?

The probability that event B occurs given that event A has already occurred. Signup and view all the answers

What is a simple event?

An event that consists of a single outcome. Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound event?

An event made up of two or more simple events. Signup and view all the answers

What are mutually exclusive events?

Two events that cannot occur at the same time. Signup and view all the answers

What are inclusive events?

Events that have one or more outcomes in common. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Concepts in Probability

Experiment: An operation or activity designed to find outcomes to estimate probability.
Trial: A single observation or repetition of an experiment, essential for probability analysis.
Outcome: Any possible result derived from a probability experiment.
Sample Space: The complete set of all potential outcomes from an experiment.
Event: A specific outcome or a group of outcomes from a probability experiment.

Understanding Probability

Probability: A measure ranging from 0 to 1, indicating the likelihood of an event happening.
Experimental Probability: Calculated as the ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the total number of trials.
Theoretical Probability: Determined by the ratio of favorable outcomes to the total possible outcomes, assuming all outcomes are equally likely.

Event Relationships

Complement of an Event: Includes all outcomes in the sample space not covered by event E.
Independent Events: Events where the occurrence of one does not influence the probability of the other.
Dependent Events: Events where the occurrence of one event impacts the likelihood of another.

Types of Events and Combinations

Compound Events: Formed from two or more individual events.
Favorable Outcomes: The specific outcomes that fulfill the criteria of the event being analyzed.
Mutually Exclusive Events: Events that cannot co-occur; the probability of either happening is the sum of their individual probabilities.
Inclusive Events: Events that share one or more common outcomes.

Combinatorial Concepts

Combination: Selecting a group of objects without regard to the order.
Permutation: Selecting objects where the order of selection matters.
Fundamental Counting Principle: Determines the total number of ways to choose n items based on multiple choices.

Advanced Probability Concepts

Geometric Probability: A probability related to geometric measurements like length or area.
Conditional Probability: Represents the probability of event B occurring given that event A has already occurred.
Simple Event: An event consisting of a single, distinct outcome.

Special Mathematical Constructs

Factorial: The product of all natural numbers up to a given number, with 0! defined as 1.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts in probability with these flashcards designed for Algebra 2 students. Each card presents a term with its definition, helping you to better understand the fundamentals of probability. Perfect for review or study sessions.