Private and Foreign Archives in Modern India

Archives primarily consist of secondary source documents.

The records of the East India Company provide information only on trading conditions.

The archives related to modern India do not include official government records.

The records of the European East India companies are mainly useful for political history.

Newspapers and journals first appeared in the early 18th century in India.

The National Archives of India contain most of the archives of the British government.

The Survey of India started to scientifically map the unknown regions of the country in 1767.

The educational records found in the central archives provide information on military strategies during colonial rule.

The records of the Reforms Office are valuable for studying constitutional developments from 1920 to 1937.

The Peshwa Daftar is housed in the National Archives of India.

The state papers housed at Jammu provide valuable information on the history of Dogra rule from 1846.

Archives of the Kingdom of Lahore are housed in Delhi.

The state archives at Bikaner contain valuable information on the history of South Indian princely states.

The source material in state archives includes records from former British Indian provinces only.

The archives of Gwalior, Indore, and Bhopal are located in Gujarat.

The records of the Madras Presidency start from AD 1770.

The Dutch records of Cochin and Malabar are housed in the Madras Record Office.

The Portuguese archives preserved in Goa are valuable sources for the history of Portuguese possessions in India from 1700 to 1900.

The French archives of Chandernagore and Pondicherry are now housed in Paris.

The Danish records relating to Tranquebar are now housed in the Bombay Secretariat Record Office.

The archives of the Mayor’s Court at Fort St. George start from AD 1789.

The archives of the Mayor’s Court at Bombay established in 1728 are available in the Calcutta High Court.

Published archival material includes weekly gazettes published by central and provincial governments.

The reports of the parliamentary select committees are not considered indispensable for historical research.

Archives related to the British East India Company are not mentioned as significant archival publications.

The records of the Bombay Recorder’s Court are kept in the Supreme Court of Bengal.

Private archives contain the papers and documents of individuals and families who didn't play a significant role in the development of modern India.

The Nehru Memorial Museum and Library in New Delhi houses the records of the Indian National Congress.

The archives of banks, business houses, and chambers of commerce are not helpful in studying economic changes.

The India Office Records in London do not possess any important historical documents related to India.

The British Museum doesn't have collections of papers of British viceroys and other high-ranked officials who were posted in India.

Archives of the missionary societies do not provide insight into the educational and social development in pre-independent India.

The Archives Nationale in Paris does not have records related to the history of French possessions.

Records of the Dutch East India Company are available in Rijksarchief, Lisbon.

The records preserved in Pakistan are not important for the study of regional history of the Indian subcontinent.

Bishop Heber’s Journal provides useful information on the socio-economic life of India during the rise of the Indian powers.

George Forster is a non-British traveler who wrote about India.

Travel accounts are generally unreliable sources for constructing the history of modern India.

The first attempt to publish a newspaper in India was made by William Bolts in 1780.

James Augustus Hickey's newspaper was seized within two years due to his praise of government officials.

Newspapers and journals of the early period in India aimed primarily at entertaining the Europeans and Anglo-Indians.

Nearly one-third of the founding fathers of the Indian National Congress were journalists.

Indian nationalists and revolutionaries living abroad did not publish newspapers and journals to infuse a feeling of nationalism among Indians living abroad.

Newspapers started depicting all aspects of life in colonial India from the 1870s onwards.

Historians believe that newspaper accounts during the freedom struggle were completely objective.

Oral history is constructed solely based on written sources.

Bankim Chandra Chatterjee was known for writing only modern novels.

Bankim Chandra Chatterjee's novel 'Anandamath' is noted for its powerful lyric 'Vandemataram'.

Iccharam Suryaram Desai's novel 'Hind ane Britannia' was one of the earliest Indian novels with romantic themes.

Creative literature is not influenced by the Indo-European contact during the 19th century.

Girija Devi wrote Mohana Rajani in 1931.

Ramatirthammal wrote Dasikalin Mosavalai in 1936.

Vaikom Muhammad Basheer's famous novel is Balyakalasakhi.

Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai wrote Chemmeen in 1948.

All the writers mentioned shared a strong sense of fantasy in their works.

The Company Paintings emerged under the patronage of the British East India Company.

Company paintings were popular until the introduction of photography in India around 1840.

The British pictures of the revolt of 1857 only portrayed the rebels as heroes.

Kalighat painting primarily depicted mythological figures.

In the rise of the Bengal School, Nandalal Bose and Raja Ravi Varma played a vital role.

The new art movement primarily focused on themes of European mythology and cultural heritage.

Archival Materials consist of public, private, and foreign repositories only.