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Questions and Answers
What determines the quantitative relations between the dose/concentration of a drug and its pharmacologic effects?
Which property of receptors determines the concentration of drug required to form drug-receptor complexes?
What limits the maximal effect a drug may produce?
What term refers to the capacity of a receptor to respond to a drug's ability to stimulate at a specified dose?
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What property of a receptor is linked to the dose required to produce an effect?
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Which factor is responsible for the selectivity of drug action?
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What term is used to describe a recognition molecule for a chemical mediator that can change its conformation to regulate cellular activity?
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Where do most receptors bind with their ligands?
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Which type of ligand binds to the primary or orthosteric sites of a receptor?
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What does adrenaline bind to in the heart to increase the heartbeat?
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Which type of ligand may act on allosteric sites of a receptor?
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What do receptors determine in relation to drug dose/concentration and pharmacologic effects?
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What is the function of ligand-gated ion channels?
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Which type of receptors are regulatory proteins attached to DNA known as?
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What serves as the effector in a ligand-gated ion channel?
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Which type of receptors are also called ionotropic receptors?
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What is the primary function of G-proteins in G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)?
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Which class of receptors detects molecules outside the cell and activates internal pathways?
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What is the main function of GPCRs in signal transduction?
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What is the role of effector proteins in GPCR signaling?
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How does signal termination occur in GPCR signaling?
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Which factor plays a crucial role in transferring information from the environment to a cell's interior in signal transduction?
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What is the primary function of activated protein kinases in GPCR signaling?
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Why is it necessary for GPCR signaling cascades to end?
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What is the main role of protein phosphorylation of intracellular proteins?
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What is the function of cytokine or growth factor receptor in the JAK-STAT pathway?
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Which enzymes are responsible for phosphorylating tyrosine residues on cytokine receptors in the JAK-STAT pathway?
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What is the downstream effect of bound STATs in the JAK-STAT pathway?
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How do cytokine receptors differ from tyrosine kinase receptors in terms of kinase activity?
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Which type of receptors are predominantly activated by peptide hormones like insulin and growth factors?
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