Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of design?
What is balance in design?
What determines visual weight in a composition?
What are the two ways to achieve balance in a composition?
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What is symmetrical balance also referred to as?
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What is an example of a design plan?
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What is rhythm in design?
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What links creativity and innovation in design?
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What is the type of rhythm created by duplicating shapes, colors, patterns, lines, or textures?
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What is the term for rhythm created by a gradual change in size or color?
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What type of rhythm is created by identical objects coming from a central axis?
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What is the primary concern when selecting furniture and accessories for a room?
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What is the term for rhythm created by direct placement of lines, shapes, or colors to create opposition?
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What type of rhythm is created by curved lines that carry the eye across a straight surface?
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What is the result of a massive chair in a room?
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What is the benefit of a center table that is substantial enough to anchor the furniture grouping?
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What is an example of Rhythm by Repetition in architecture?
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What is a characteristic of Rhythm by Gradation?
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What is closely related to the size of body parts and its function in architecture?
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What is an example of Rhythm by Radiation in design?
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What was the original measurement of an inch?
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What is the modern measurement of a hand?
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What is the length of a span?
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What is the modern measurement of a foot?
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What is the underlying principle of the Fibonacci Sequence?
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What is the golden ratio, Φ, approximately equal to?
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What is the relationship between the Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio?
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What is the significance of Johannes Kepler's observation about Fibonacci numbers?
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What is the Modular Man measured in?
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What is the significance of Le Corbusier's work in relation to the Fibonacci sequence?
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What is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter?
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What is the unique property of the golden ratio?
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What is the result of the property based on the Fibonacci series?
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Who pointed out the error in Le Corbusier's constructive geometry?
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What is the ratio of the sides of the rectangle that Le Corbusier attempted to derive?
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What is the significance of the error in Le Corbusier's constructive geometry?
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What is the result of Le Corbusier's constructive method being out by 0.006?
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What is the significance of the 'fateful equality' in Le Corbusier's architecture?
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What is the relationship between the Fibonacci series and the Golden Rectangle?
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What is the significance of the Golden Rectangle in architecture?
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Study Notes
What is Design
- Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system.
- It links creativity and innovation, shaping ideas to become practical and attractive propositions for users, clients, or customers.
- Design has different connotations in various fields, including architectural blueprints, engineering drawings, business processes, circuit diagrams, or sewing patterns.
Principles of Design
- The principles of design describe the ways an artist uses different elements of design in a composition.
- These principles include:
- Balance
- Rhythm
- Emphasis
- Contrast
- Movement
- Harmony
- Proportion and scale
Balance
- A sense of equilibrium, achieved by considering visual weight created by size, color, texture, and number of objects.
- Balance results in visual stability, achieved through symmetrical or asymmetrical means.
Rhythm
- Rhythm is created through:
- Repetition
- Gradation
- Radiation
- Opposition
- Transition
- Examples of rhythm include:
- Repeated shapes, colors, patterns, lines, or textures
- Gradual change in size or color
- Identical objects radiating from a central axis
- Direct placement of lines, shapes, or colors to create opposition
- Curved lines carrying the eye across a straight surface
Proportions and Scales
- Proportions and scales are critical in design, ensuring that elements are in harmony and balance.
- Good scale is essential in architecture, where ergonomics are closely related to human body proportions and function.
- Origins of measurements include the body, with measurements such as the inch, hand, span, and foot based on human proportions.
Fibonacci Sequence and Modular Man
- The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers in which each number is the sum of the two preceding numbers (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ...).
- This sequence has a constant ratio of progression, approximately 1.618 (phi or Φ), which is the golden ratio.
- The golden ratio is an irrational number that results when a line is divided in a unique way, creating a golden rectangle.
Fibonacci Sequence in Architecture and Design
- The Fibonacci sequence and golden ratio are observed in many natural and man-made structures, including architecture, art, and design.
- Le Corbusier's modular system aimed to apply the golden ratio to architectural design, but was later discovered to have an error in its constructive geometry.
- Despite this, the golden ratio remains a crucial concept in design, influencing the aesthetics of modernism and symmetry.
Examples of the Golden Ratio in Everyday Life
- The golden ratio is observed in various aspects of everyday life, including:
- The shape of playing cards, eggs, and seeds
- The arrangement of petals on flowers and leaves on stems
- The composition of photographs and artworks
- The design of buildings, architecture, and interior spaces
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Description
Understanding the concept of design and its various applications in different fields, specifically for 1st-year architecture students.