Org. Theory and Design: Chapter 5 (MC)
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Org. Theory and Design: Chapter 5 (MC)

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Questions and Answers

What does the contingency approach to organizational design emphasize?

  • Strict control over employee behavior
  • Adherence to rigid structures and rules
  • Personal competence and expertise (correct)
  • Excessive bureaucracy and hierarchy
  • According to the contingency theory, how should an organization design its internal structure?

  • To respond to various contingencies in the external environment (correct)
  • To establish a rigid and inflexible structure
  • To eliminate all sources of uncertainty
  • To centralize decision-making power
  • What do Paul Lawrence and Jay Lorsch believe has a direct effect on the extent of differentiation inside an organization?

  • Strength of forces in the general and specific environments (correct)
  • Length of time the organization has been established
  • Corporate social responsibility initiatives
  • Number of employees in the organization
  • What does an organization do to improve its ability to control and motivate employees, according to the text?

    <p>Increases the number of managers and levels in the managerial hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the emergence of an organization's hierarchy indicate?

    <p>Difficulty in coordinating and motivating employees effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in an organic structure according to the text?

    <p>Personal competence, expertise, and freedom to act innovatively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is empowerment in the context of the text?

    <p>The process of giving employees authority to make decisions and be responsible for outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of self-managed teams as described in the text?

    <p>To lead themselves and ensure the team accomplishes its goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of employing contingent workers according to the text?

    <p>They cost less to employ and can be let go easily when their services are no longer needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of increasing use of IT on organizational authority and team usage?

    <p>It leads to decentralization of authority and increased use of teams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of employing contingent workers according to the text?

    <p>Coordination and motivation problems may arise due to lack of incentives for high performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes cross-functional teams as described in the text?

    <p>Formal work groups of employees from different functions empowered to direct and coordinate value-creation activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of a bureaucracy?

    <p>Efficient control over interactions between organizational levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Max Weber's principles for designing a hierarchy, what should be the basis for holding organizational roles?

    <p>Technical competence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of ra­tional-legal authority based on?

    <p>A person's position in an organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the first two principles of bureaucracy establish as the basic component of bureaucratic structure?

    <p>Organizational role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the foundation for organizational effectiveness in terms of role responsibility and decision-making authority?

    <p>A clear and consistent pattern of vertical and horizontal differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a bureaucracy's hierarchical organization aim to control?

    <p>Veritcal authority relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the advantages of having rules, standard operating procedures, and norms in an organization?

    <p>Clarifying people's expectations about one another and preventing misunderstandings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when administrative acts, decisions, and rules are formulated and put in writing?

    <p>They become official guides to the way the organization works</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system allows managers to monitor progress toward achieving goals by evaluating subordinates on their ability to achieve specific organizational goals or performance standards?

    <p>Management by objectives (MBO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may disrupt informal norms that make an organization work when altering the formal structure?

    <p>Altering the formal structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do many organizations implement to evaluate subordinates' behavior and allow managers to monitor progress toward achieving goals?

    <p>Management by objectives (MBO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do managers need to consider when making any organizational changes, according to the text?

    <p>Effect of formal structure on informal organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of increasing personal supervision in an organization?

    <p>To motivate employees and promote effective behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a tall organization?

    <p>An organization with many levels relative to its size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Parkinson, what controls the growth in the number of managers and hierarchical levels?

    <p>The principle of minimum chain of command</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal number of hierarchical levels according to the principle of minimum chain of command?

    <p>The flatter the better</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can an organization maintain effective control of its workforce without becoming too tall?

    <p>By increasing horizontal differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does horizontal differentiation lead to within an organization?

    <p>Increased vertical differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does decentralization enable in a relatively tall structure?

    <p>More flexibility in responding to changes in the external environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do managers gain control over employees in an organization?

    <p>By standardizing employees' behavior to make their actions predictable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main challenge for a manager with a narrow span of control?

    <p>Interrelatedness of subordinates' tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of standardization in an organization?

    <p>To substitute for direct supervision</p> Signup and view all the answers

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