Principles of Biomedical Sciences: Biochemistry Unit Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of chemical reactivity?

The study of metabolic processes in living organisms

The equilibrium state between forward and backward reactions

The way energy is transferred from one place to another

The interaction of a substance with other substances to form final products (correct)

In biochemistry, what is the function of lipids?

Energy storage and cellular structure (correct)

Enzyme catalysis

Cell membrane transport

Genetic information storage

What is the main focus of thermodynamics?

Equilibrium in chemical reactions

Metabolic pathways in cells

The structure of biomolecules

Energy transfer and transformation (correct)

Which type of chemical reaction involves two substances swapping ions to form new compounds?

Double-replacement reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of chemical equilibrium?

Equal rates of forward and backward reactions Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the structure of biomolecules important in biochemistry?

To control chemical reactivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to the sum of all biochemical reactions that take place inside a living organism?

Cell metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reactions involve the breakdown of polymers to monomers?

β-oxidation Signup and view all the answers

What are the main substances involved in maintaining the good healthy status in metabolic processes?

Organic and inorganic substances Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the set of biochemical reactions where small molecules undergo combinations and transformations to form big molecules?

Anabolism Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the metabolic processes inside living cells?

Enzymes and hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which type of compounds are mainly composed of amino acids molecules linked together by peptide bonds?

Polymers Signup and view all the answers

Which carbon atom in an amino acid is typically indicated using a letter from the Greek alphabet?

Alpha Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following amino acids is considered essential and cannot be synthesized by the body?

Valine (V) Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed between the alpha-amino group of one amino acid and the alpha-carboxyl group of another?

Peptide bond Signup and view all the answers

Which group is located at the left-end of a polypeptide chain?

Amino terminal end Signup and view all the answers

Out of the following amino acids, which one is classified as 'semiessential' for growing children but not essential for adults?

Histidine (H) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of amino acids can be synthesized by the body and are not required from dietary sources?

Nonessential amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Reactivity and Biochemistry

Chemical reactivity refers to the ability of atoms or molecules to form new substances through chemical reactions.
Lipids have various functions in biochemistry, including energy storage, cell signaling, and structural roles.

Thermodynamics

The main focus of thermodynamics is the study of energy transformations and the relationships between heat, work, and energy.

Types of Chemical Reactions

Double displacement reactions involve two substances swapping ions to form new compounds.
Hydrolysis reactions involve the breakdown of polymers to monomers.

Chemical Equilibrium

The key characteristic of chemical equilibrium is that the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Biomolecules

Understanding the structure of biomolecules is important in biochemistry because it allows us to understand their functions and interactions.
The term "metabolism" refers to the sum of all biochemical reactions that take place inside a living organism.
Anabolic reactions involve the combination and transformation of small molecules to form large molecules.

Metabolic Processes

Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the main substances involved in maintaining a healthy status in metabolic processes.
Metabolic processes are regulated by hormones and enzymes inside living cells.

Amino Acids and Proteins

Proteins are mainly composed of amino acids molecules linked together by peptide bonds.
The alpha carbon atom in an amino acid is typically indicated using a letter from the Greek alphabet.
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the body.
Peptide bonds are formed between the alpha-amino group of one amino acid and the alpha-carboxyl group of another.
The amino group is located at the left-end of a polypeptide chain.
Arginine is a semiessential amino acid for growing children but not essential for adults.
Nonessential amino acids can be synthesized by the body and are not required from dietary sources.

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Description

Test your knowledge on biomolecules, their chemical structures, functions, metabolic pathways, and disorders within living organisms. Explore key concepts from the Biochemistry unit in the Principles of Biomedical Sciences module for the academic year 2022-2023.