18 Questions
Which of the following best describes the concept of chemical reactivity?
The interaction of a substance with other substances to form final products
In biochemistry, what is the function of lipids?
Energy storage and cellular structure
What is the main focus of thermodynamics?
Energy transfer and transformation
Which type of chemical reaction involves two substances swapping ions to form new compounds?
Double-replacement reaction
What is the key characteristic of chemical equilibrium?
Equal rates of forward and backward reactions
Why is understanding the structure of biomolecules important in biochemistry?
To control chemical reactivity
What is the term used to refer to the sum of all biochemical reactions that take place inside a living organism?
Cell metabolism
Which type of reactions involve the breakdown of polymers to monomers?
β-oxidation
What are the main substances involved in maintaining the good healthy status in metabolic processes?
Organic and inorganic substances
Which term refers to the set of biochemical reactions where small molecules undergo combinations and transformations to form big molecules?
Anabolism
What regulates the metabolic processes inside living cells?
Enzymes and hormones
Which type of compounds are mainly composed of amino acids molecules linked together by peptide bonds?
Polymers
Which carbon atom in an amino acid is typically indicated using a letter from the Greek alphabet?
Alpha
Which of the following amino acids is considered essential and cannot be synthesized by the body?
Valine (V)
What type of bond is formed between the alpha-amino group of one amino acid and the alpha-carboxyl group of another?
Peptide bond
Which group is located at the left-end of a polypeptide chain?
Amino terminal end
Out of the following amino acids, which one is classified as 'semiessential' for growing children but not essential for adults?
Histidine (H)
Which type of amino acids can be synthesized by the body and are not required from dietary sources?
Nonessential amino acids
Study Notes
Chemical Reactivity and Biochemistry
- Chemical reactivity refers to the ability of atoms or molecules to form new substances through chemical reactions.
- Lipids have various functions in biochemistry, including energy storage, cell signaling, and structural roles.
Thermodynamics
- The main focus of thermodynamics is the study of energy transformations and the relationships between heat, work, and energy.
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Double displacement reactions involve two substances swapping ions to form new compounds.
- Hydrolysis reactions involve the breakdown of polymers to monomers.
Chemical Equilibrium
- The key characteristic of chemical equilibrium is that the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.
Biomolecules
- Understanding the structure of biomolecules is important in biochemistry because it allows us to understand their functions and interactions.
- The term "metabolism" refers to the sum of all biochemical reactions that take place inside a living organism.
- Anabolic reactions involve the combination and transformation of small molecules to form large molecules.
Metabolic Processes
- Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the main substances involved in maintaining a healthy status in metabolic processes.
- Metabolic processes are regulated by hormones and enzymes inside living cells.
Amino Acids and Proteins
- Proteins are mainly composed of amino acids molecules linked together by peptide bonds.
- The alpha carbon atom in an amino acid is typically indicated using a letter from the Greek alphabet.
- Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the body.
- Peptide bonds are formed between the alpha-amino group of one amino acid and the alpha-carboxyl group of another.
- The amino group is located at the left-end of a polypeptide chain.
- Arginine is a semiessential amino acid for growing children but not essential for adults.
- Nonessential amino acids can be synthesized by the body and are not required from dietary sources.
Test your knowledge on biomolecules, their chemical structures, functions, metabolic pathways, and disorders within living organisms. Explore key concepts from the Biochemistry unit in the Principles of Biomedical Sciences module for the academic year 2022-2023.
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