Principles and Elements of Art

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes 'value' as an element of art?

  • The intensity of a color.
  • The tactile quality of a surface.
  • The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. (correct)
  • The spatial arrangement of objects in a composition.

Which art element is achieved through the arrangement of positive and negative spaces?

  • Texture
  • Form
  • Value
  • Space (correct)

What distinguishes 'form' from 'shape' in art?

  • Form implies volume; shape is flat. (correct)
  • Shape includes height and width, while form only includes height.
  • Shape is geometric, while form is organic.
  • Form is two-dimensional, while shape is three-dimensional.

What is the name of color?

<p>Hue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can an artist create 'emphasis' in a composition?

<p>By varying the elements to stress the differences between them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does 'rhythm' function as a principle of art?

<p>By guiding the viewer's eye through the artwork using repeated elements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A painter uses the gradual change from cool to warm colors to create a sense of depth in a landscape. Which principle of art is the painter utilizing?

<p>Gradation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design principle is achieved when similar elements are combined to accent their similarities?

<p>Harmony (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of design is specifically concerned with diversity or contrast in an artwork?

<p>Variety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following line types is most likely to convey a sense of calmness and stability?

<p>Horizontal lines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do artists use 'weight' in lines to enhance their artwork?

<p>To capture energy and movement, and to suggest depth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An artist sketches a series of lines quickly to represent the basic form and pose of a figure. What type of lines are they primarily using?

<p>Gesture lines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements of art is defined as 'an element of art defined by a point moving in space'?

<p>Line (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements of art is defined as 'an element concerned with diversity or contrast'?

<p>Variety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do vertical lines likely have?

<p>Suggest height and strength (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do zigzag lines likely have?

<p>Convey action and excitement, as well as restlessness and anxiety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An artist uses lines that are not actually drawn but are suggested by elements in the artwork. What are these lines called?

<p>Implied Lines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT on the list of 5 types of lines

<p>Dotted (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following choices contributes to the variety of lines?

<p>Length (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of line connects the outside and inside of a shape?

<p>Contour lines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you want to make parallel lines, what will you need to do?

<p>Keep the lines close together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would you need to do to create an expressive and energetic piece of artwork?

<p>Attempt a continuous line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An artist wants to create a sense of movement in their artwork. Which principle of art would be most effective to use?

<p>Movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In art, if white is the lightest value, what is the darkest?

<p>Black (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An artwork features a large tree in the foreground and a tiny figure in the distance. This arrangement primarily illustrates which principle of art?

<p>Proportion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a painting, an artist uses a series of dots to create shading and texture. What technique are they employing?

<p>Stippling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which line best suggests a sense of unrest and anxiety?

<p>Sharp, angular zigzags (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a 'line style'?

<p>Smooth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Intensity' describe?

<p>Quality of brightness and purity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element describes the tactile quality of a surface?

<p>Texture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Overlapping is associated with which element?

<p>Space (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proportion' refer to?

<p>The relationship of certain elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using large shapes blended into small shapes is an example of?

<p>Gradation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using repetitions is an example of?

<p>Harmony (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one needs 'perspective'?

<p>Space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quality cannot contribute the make-up of colour?

<p>Texture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you were making use of shading to make the artwork stand out, what best describes this element?

<p>Emphasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can curved lines convey?

<p>Comfort and ease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Elements of Art

Visual components including color, form, line, shape, space, texture and value

Line

An element of art defined by a point moving in space.

Shape

An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

Form

An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume.

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Value

The lightness or darkness of tones or colors.

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Space

An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined, or a sense of depth is achieved in a work of art.

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Color

Made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

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Texture

An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

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Principles of Art

How the elements of art are used to create an artwork.

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Principles of Design

Balance, emphasis, movement, proportion, rhythm, unity, and variety

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Rhythm

A principle of design that indicates movement, created by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat.

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Balance

A way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or stability to a work of art. Major types are symmetrical and asymmetrical.

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Emphasis

A way of combining elements to stress the differences between those elements.

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Proportion

A principle of design that refers to the relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other.

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Gradation

A way of combining elements by using a series of gradual changes in those elements.

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Harmony

A way of combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their similarities.

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Variety

A principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast.

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Movement

A principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and to guide the viewer's eye throughout the work of art.

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Vertical Lines

Straight up and down lines that are moving in space without any slant and are perpendicular to horizontal lines.

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Horizontal Lines

Straight lines parallel to the horizon that move from left to right.

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Diagonal Lines

Straight lines that slant in any direction except horizontal or vertical.

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Zigzag Lines

A series of diagonal lines joined at ends.

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Curved Lines

Lines that bend and change direction gradually.

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Length

How long or short a line can be

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Weight

The continuous change of width.

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Texture in Lines

How smooth or rough a line is.

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Style of Lines

Continuous, dotted, dashed or implied lines.

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Contour Lines

A continuous line that defines the outline of a shape.

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Continuous Line

Drawing done at one go without ever lifting it from the page.

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Parallel/Cross-Hatching Lines

Used to create texture, volume, shading or patterns.

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Gesture Lines

Quick continuous lines often used to represent human form and movement.

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Implied Lines

Lines that aren't physically present but generated by our minds based on other subjects.

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Study Notes

  • The principle and elements of art comprise the visual components, artists use these tools to organize
  • Elements of art include color, form, line, and shape

Line

  • An element defined as a point moving in space
  • Can be two or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract

Shape

  • An element that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited in height

Form

  • An element of art that is three-dimensional
  • Encloses volume
  • Includes height, width, and depth
  • Examples include a cube, sphere, pyramid, or cylinder

Value

  • Refers to the lightness or darkness of tones or colors
  • White is the lightest value, while black is the darkest
  • The value halfway between black and white is called middle gray

Space

  • Refers to the element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined
  • Creates a sense of depth

Color

  • An element made up of three properties; hue, value, and intensity
  • Hue is the name of the color
  • Value is the hue's lightness and darkness; color's value changes when white or black is added
  • Intensity describes the quality of brightness and purity

Texture

  • Describes how things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched

Principles of Art

  • Balance, emphasis, movement, proportion, rhythm, unity, and variety are the means an artist uses to organize the elements within a work

Rhythm

  • A design principle that indicates movement
  • Created by carefully placing repeated elements

Balance

  • Balance is a way of combining elements to add a sense of stability
  • Major types are symmetrical and asymmetrical

Emphasis

  • Achieved by combining elements to stress the differences between them

Proportion

  • This refers to the relationship of certain design elements to the whole and to each other

Gradation

  • This combines elements using gradual changes in those elements
  • Gradual change can be from large to small shapes or from dark to light hues, etc.

Harmony

  • Harmony is a way of combining similar elements in a work to accent their similarities
  • Achieved through use of repetitions

Variety

  • A principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast
  • Variety using different shapes, sizes, and colors

Movement

  • A design principle used to create the feeling of action
  • Guides the viewer's eye throughout a work of art

Lines

  • Vertical lines are straight up and down, moving in space without any slant
  • They are perpendicular to horizontal lines
  • Vertical lines suggest height and strength

Horizontal Lines

  • Straight lines parallel to the horizon that move from left to right
  • Suggest width, distance, calmness, and stability

Diagonal Lines

  • Straight lines that slant in any direction except horizontal or vertical
  • Suggest movement or lack of stability

Zigzag Lines

  • A series of diagonal lines joined at ends
  • Can convey action and excitement, as well as restlessness and anxiety

Curved Lines

  • Lines that bend and change direction gradually
  • They can be simply wavy or spiral
  • Convey feelings of comfort and ease
  • Suggest a sensual quality and evoke a reminder of the human body

Line Manipulation

  • Lines can be long, tall, strong, or far, and they can be short or small
  • Weight in lines refers to the continuous change of width, which can capture energy and movement
  • Lines can be smooth or rough, and varying it may require changing the medium

Style of Lines

  • Style of lines refers to continuous, dotted, dashed, or implied lines
  • Implied lines guide the eye
  • Dashed or dotted lines create patterns, energy, and call attention

Techniques Using Lines

  • Contour lines are continuous lines that define the outline of a shape and can exist outside and inside a shape or figure
  • Continuous lines, done without lifting from the page, may be expressive and energetic but may turn out messy
  • Parallel or cross-hatching lines are used to create texture, volume, shading, or patterns, producing a shadow effect when close together
  • Gesture lines are quick, continuous lines often used to represent human form
  • Implied lines are lines that aren't physically present but generated by our minds based on other subjects

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