Principles and Branches of Science
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Questions and Answers

Science relies on subjective opinions rather than empirical data.

False (B)

Objectivity in science means observations should be free from personal bias.

True (A)

Reproducibility means experiments can be repeated to verify results.

True (A)

Falsifiability implies that scientific theories cannot be proven wrong.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Biology is a natural science.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sociology is a formal science.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hypothesis is a testable explanation or prediction.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientific laws are explanatory, while theories are descriptive.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Measurement is the process of assigning numerical values to physical quantities.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The International System of Units (SI) provides a non-standardized set of units for measurements.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mass is measured in kilograms (kg).

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Descriptive Statistics are used to make inferences about a population.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The p-value represents the probability of obtaining results as extreme as, or more extreme than, those observed if the null hypothesis is correct.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Telescopes are used to observe distant objects in space.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientists should always report results that support their hypotheses, even if they aren't accurate.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Conflicts of interest should always be hidden to avoid bias.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Peer review involves the assessment of scientific work by experts in the field.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Science education is not essential for promoting critical thinking skills.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Measurement

Assigning numerical values to physical quantities.

SI Units

Standardized units for scientific measurements.

Descriptive Statistics

Summarizes and presents data (mean, median, mode).

Inferential Statistics

Makes inferences about a population from a sample.

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P-value

Probability of observing data if the null hypothesis is correct.

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Significance Level (alpha)

Threshold to determine statistical significance.

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Microscope

Instrument to view tiny objects.

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Honesty in Reporting Data

Reports results accurately, even if they contradict hypotheses.

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Proper Attribution

Giving appropriate credit to others' work.

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Peer Review

Assessment of work by experts ensuring quality.

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What is Science?

A systematic approach to understanding the natural world through observation and experimentation.

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Objectivity

The principle that observations and conclusions should be free from personal feelings or opinions.

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Empirical Evidence

Claims based on tangible evidence acquired through observation or experiments.

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Skepticism

Questioning claims and demanding evidence before accepting them.

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Reproducibility

Repeating experiments to verify results.

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Falsifiability

Theories should be testable and potentially proven wrong.

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Hypothesis

A testable explanation or prediction based on initial observations.

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Scientific Theory

A well-substantiated explanation of the natural world, based on repeatedly confirmed facts.

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Description

Explore the fundamental principles of science, including objectivity, empirical evidence, skepticism, reproducibility, and falsifiability. Learn about the major branches of science such as natural sciences. Understand how science systematically unveils the workings of the natural world through observation and experimentation.

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