Lecture 7: B cells

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Which type of cells mostly produce IgM (with some IgD) in the primary response?

Memory B cells

Germinal center B cells

Plasma cells (correct)

Naive B cells

What is the main isotype expressed by most memory B cells according to the text?

IgA

IgG (correct)

IgE

IgM

What happens to the affinity of antibodies with repeated immunization?

Decreases

Increases (correct)

Fluctuates

Stays the same

Which type of B cells will outcompete the primary response due to their increased affinity?

Memory B cells Signup and view all the answers

What happens as the immune response progresses from secondary to tertiary responses?

Tertiary response outcompetes primary response Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of central memory T cells?

Rapid reactivation by second antigen exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is a functionally unique characteristic of memory T cells compared to naive T cells?

Express different surface adhesion molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokine can lead to increased expression of Bcl-2 in memory T cells?

Interleukin-7 (IL-7) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory T cells contribute better to first-line defenses?

Effector memory T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the experiment regarding CD8+ Memory T cells in MHCII deficient mice?

Reduced maintenance compared to WT mice Signup and view all the answers

What role does CD4+ T cell activation with MHCII play in CD8+ T cell longevity?

Increases longevity of CD8+ T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between active and passive immunization?

Memory response is generated in active immunization, but not in passive immunization Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adjuvants in vaccines?

To promote inflammation and enhance the immune response to the vaccine Signup and view all the answers

Why do early childhood vaccinations typically start at 6 months of age?

To allow acquired antibodies through passive transfer to die off before new ones are introduced Signup and view all the answers

What can happen with both passive and active immunization due to original antigenic sin?

Production of ineffective antibodies and weak immunity Signup and view all the answers

Why do attenuated vaccines have built-in adjuvants?

To trigger an immune response through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of promoting some inflammation in weak antigen-stimulating situations?

To recruit more immune cells and enhance effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

Why is a passive immunization considered temporary?

It does not generate a memory response Signup and view all the answers

How do vaccines induce active immunity?

By exposing individuals to non-dangerous forms of infectious agents purposefully Signup and view all the answers

How does herd immunity reduce the pathogen reservoir?

By significantly reducing the number of susceptible individuals Signup and view all the answers