Price Elasticity of Demand

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Questions and Answers

The U.S. Constituion has been amended 27 ______.

times

To become governor, you must be at least 30 years ______.

old

The presiding officer of the Senate is the Lieutenant ______.

governor

The five principles of the MS Constitution of 1890 are rule of law, popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, and checks and ______.

<p>balances</p> Signup and view all the answers

A qualification to become governor is being a citizen of the U.S. for 20 ______.

<p>years</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Mississippi Constitution of 1890 has been amended more than 123 ______.

<p>times</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bills can be introduced at any time, except during the last 3 days of a ______.

<p>session</p> Signup and view all the answers

The MS Legislature includes the Senate and the House of ______.

<p>Representatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

A qualification to become governor is being a resident of the state for at least 5 years immediately before the ______.

<p>election</p> Signup and view all the answers

MS has operated under 4 ______.

<p>Constitutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary function of a governor is to enforce and administer the laws of the ______.

<p>state</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presiding officer of the House of Representatives is the Speaker of the ______.

<p>House</p> Signup and view all the answers

The principle of separation of ______ ensures that no single branch of government becomes too powerful.

<p>powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Popular ______ ensures that the power of government resides in the people.

<p>sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

The principle of limited ______ restricts the power of government to protect individual freedoms.

<p>government</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1890 MS Constitution operates on the principle of rule of ______.

<p>law</p> Signup and view all the answers

The MS ______ includes both a Senate and a House of Representatives.

<p>legislature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Checks and ______ are an important feature in government to ensure that no single branch has too much power.

<p>balances</p> Signup and view all the answers

Being 30 years old is a ______ for becoming governor.

<p>qualification</p> Signup and view all the answers

The MS Constitution of 1890 is designed to promote limited ______.

<p>government</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

MS Constitutions

Mississippi has operated under 4 constitutions.

MS Constitution (1890) Principles

The 5 principles are: Rule of law, Popular sovereignty, Limited government, Separation of powers, Checks and balances.

U.S. Constitution Amendments

The U.S. Constitution has been amended 27 times.

MS Constitution Amendments

The MS Constitution of 1890 has been amended more than 123 times.

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Bicameral Legislature

The bicameral legislature includes the Senate and the House of Representatives.

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Senate Presiding Officer

The presiding officer of the Senate is the Lieutenant Governor.

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House Presiding Officer

The presiding officer of the House of Representatives is the Speaker of the House.

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Introducing Bills

Bills can be introduced at any time, except during the last 3 days of a session.

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Governor's Function

The primary function of a governor is to enforce and administer the laws of the state.

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Gubernatorial Qualifications

Qualifications to become governor: At least 30 years old, a U.S. citizen for 20 years, and a resident of the state for at least 5 years immediately before the election.

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Study Notes

  • Elasticity measures the responsiveness of producers and consumers to changes in market conditions, giving a more precise analysis of supply and demand.

Price Elasticity of Demand

  • Price Elasticity of Demand measures how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in its price $$ Price\ Elasticity\ of\ Demand = \frac{Percentage\ change\ in\ Quantity\ Demanded}{Percentage\ change\ in\ Price} $$

Calculating Percentage Changes

  • The midpoint formula is used for calculating percentage changes: $$ Percentage\ change = \frac{End\ value - Start\ value}{Midpoint} * 100 $$ $$ Midpoint = \frac{End\ value + Start\ value}{2} $$

Interpreting Price Elasticity

  • Demand is elastic if elasticity is greater than one
  • Demand is inelastic if elasticity is less than one
  • Demand is unit elastic if elasticity equals one
  • Demand is perfectly inelastic if elasticity equals zero
  • Demand is perfectly elastic if elasticity is infinite

Demand Curves

  • Price Elasticity of Demand is related to the demand curve's slope
    • Perfectly Inelastic: Elasticity = 0
    • Inelastic: Elasticity < 1
    • Unit Elastic: Elasticity = 1
    • Elastic: Elasticity > 1
    • Perfectly Elastic: Elasticity = infinity

Total Revenue

  • Total Revenue is the amount paid by buyers and received by sellers $$ Total\ Revenue = Price * Quantity $$
  • Price and Total Revenue move in the same direction with inelastic demand
  • Price and Total Revenue move in opposite directions with elastic demand

Income Elasticity of Demand

  • Income Elasticity of Demand measures how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in consumers' income $$ Income\ Elasticity\ of\ Demand = \frac{Percentage\ change\ in\ Quantity\ Demanded}{Percentage\ change\ in\ Income} $$
  • Normal goods have positive income elasticities
    • Necessities tend to have small income elasticities
    • Luxuries tend to have large income elasticities
  • Inferior goods have negative income elasticities

Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand

  • Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand measures how much the quantity demanded of one good responds to a change in the price of another good $$ Cross-Price\ Elasticity\ of\ Demand = \frac{Percentage\ change\ in\ Quantity\ Demanded\ of\ Good\ 1}{Percentage\ change\ in\ Price\ of\ Good\ 2} $$
  • Substitutes have positive cross-price elasticities
  • Complements have negative cross-price elasticities

Price Elasticity of Supply

  • Price Elasticity of Supply measures how much the quantity supplied of a good responds to a change in its price. $$ Price\ Elasticity\ of\ Supply = \frac{Percentage\ change\ in\ Quantity\ Supplied}{Percentage\ change\ in\ Price} $$

Supply Curves

  • Price elasticity of supply is typically larger in the long run than in the short run, due to firms having more flexibility to adjust quantity supplied over time.
    • Perfectly Inelastic: Elasticity = 0
    • Inelastic: Elasticity < 1
    • Unit Elastic: Elasticity = 1
    • Elastic: Elasticity > 1
    • Perfectly Elastic: Elasticity = infinity

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