Preventative Measures for Teens

• These notes cover various methods for preventing and treating substance use, teenage pregnancy, and externalizing/internalizing problems.

Contraceptive Prevention

• Better sex education and increased access to contraception are key.
• Parental communication is also important.
• Developing future-oriented thinking and encouraging dual protection are beneficial.

Teen Pregnancy Prevention

• Involves comprehensive sex education.
• Includes access to contraception and reproductive healthcare.
• Programs promote academic and career aspirations.

Home Environment Influence on Motivation

• Parental expectations, values, and involvement in education are factors.
• Authoritative parenting and a quality home environment are also influential.

Peer-Influence on Motivation

• Peers can shape academic behavior.
• Peer pressure affects academic performance.
• Peer influence impacts future aspirations.
• Positive family and peer interactions are the best method.

Protective Factors Against Substance Use

• Positive mental health and high academic achievement are protective.
• Engagement in school, close family relationships, and religious involvement also help.

Substance Use Prevention

• Addresses the supply of drugs.
• Considers the environments where teens are exposed to drugs.
• Focuses on the characteristics of potential drug users.
• Involves teaching resistance to peer pressure.
• Includes programs for coping strategies and decision-making.
• Aims to increase self-esteem, employment, and social skills.
• Encourages positive peer relationships.

Externalizing Problems Prevention

• Early childhood interventions, such as pre-school programs, provide education and support.
• School-based approaches, including anti-bullying and conflict resolution, are used.
• Social-emotional learning programs build self-regulation skills.
• Community-based programs and after-school programs offer structure and positive role models.

Internalizing Problems Prevention

• School-based mental health programs teach coping skills and stress management.
• Parental education encourages open communication and emotional support.
• Reducing stigma involves promoting mental health awareness.
• Normalizing help-seeking is another way of reducing stigma.

Substance Use Treatment

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy helps adolescents recognize their triggers and develop healthier coping strategies.
• Motivational interviewing encourages adolescents to reflect on the consequences of their substance use.
• School and community-based interventions offer alternative activities.
• Peer-led interventions counteract social pressure.
• Pharmacological treatments include medications for nicotine and opioid addiction.

Effective Treatments for Substance Use

• Family and school-based interventions are more effective than punitive approaches
• Programs with long-term engagement and education show better results than short-term interventions.
• Encouraging programs combine social competence training with community-wide interventions.

Internalizing Problems Treatment

• Treatment for life-course persistent offenders involves preventing disruption in family relationships.
• Addressing academic problems and improving transitions from school to work are key.
• Evidence-based practices such as multisystemic family therapy are used.

Treatment for Adolescent-Limited Offenders

• Focuses on teaching resistance to peer pressure.
• Helps adolescents settle conflict without aggression, and trains parents to monitor children.
• School and community intervention encourages prosocial behavior.
• Seriously addressing delinquency can deter teenagers.

Treatment for Internalizing Problems

• Cognitive behavioral therapy changes negative thought patterns.
• It is one of the most effective treatments for depression and anxiety.
• Interpersonal therapy improves relationships and social skills.
• Interpersonal therapy helps adolescents deal with interpersonal conflicts.
• Medications (SSRIs) are used to moderate to severe depression.