Present Simple Affirmative and Negative Sentences

Present Simple

Affirmative Sentences

• Structure: Subject + base form of the verb (+s/es for third-person singular).
  • Example: She plays soccer.
• Third-person singular forms:
  • Add -s to most verbs (e.g., he runs).
  • Add -es for verbs ending in -s, -sh, -ch, -x, and -o (e.g., she watches, he goes).

Usage In Daily Routines

• Describes habitual actions and routines.
  • Example: I wake up at 7 a.m.
• Used for universal truths and facts.
  • Example: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
• Often indicates scheduled events in the near future.
  • Example: The train leaves at 6 PM.

Negative Sentences

• Structure: Subject + do/does not + base form of the verb.
  • Example: He does not (doesn't) like coffee.
• Use “do” for I, you, we, they; “does” for he, she, it.
• Commonly used to express refusal or absence of action.

Time Expressions

• Commonly used time expressions:
  • Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never
  • Every day/week/month/year
  • On Mondays/Tuesdays, etc.
• Helps indicate frequency of actions.

Interrogative Sentences

• Structure: Do/Does + subject + base form of the verb?
  • Example: Do you play tennis?
• Use “does” for third-person singular.
  • Example: Does she like chocolate?
• Yes/no questions and Wh- questions (what, where, when, why, how).
  • Example: Where do you live?

Present Simple

Affirmative Sentences

• Subject + base form of the verb (+s/es for third-person singular).
• Example of affirmative: "She plays soccer."
• For third-person singular:
  • Most verbs take -s (e.g., "he runs").
  • Verbs ending in -s, -sh, -ch, -x, or -o require -es (e.g., "she watches," "he goes").

Usage In Daily Routines

• Describes habitual actions and routines, e.g., "I wake up at 7 a.m."
• Expresses universal truths and facts, e.g., "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."
• Indicates scheduled events that are imminent, e.g., "The train leaves at 6 PM."

Negative Sentences

• Structure: Subject + do/does not + base form of the verb.
• Example of negative: "He does not (doesn't) like coffee."
• "Do" is used with I, you, we, they; "does" is used with he, she, it.
• Commonly conveys refusal or the absence of action.

Time Expressions

• Indicates frequency of actions with common expressions:
  • Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never.
  • Every day/week/month/year helps denote regular occurrences.
  • Specific days like On Mondays/Tuesdays.

Interrogative Sentences

• Structure: Do/Does + subject + base form of the verb?
• Example of interrogative: "Do you play tennis?"
• "Does" is used for third-person singular, e.g., "Does she like chocolate?"
• Supports yes/no questions and Wh- questions (what, where, when, why, how).
• Example of Wh- question: "Where do you live?"