14 Questions
What is the journal name where the publication was released?
Pediatrics
What is the year of the publication?
1986
What is the first author's name in the referenced publication?
Oswari H
What is one of the variables compared in the referenced publication?
Stool microbiota compositions
What is another variable compared in the referenced publication?
Stool alpha1-antitrypsin
What is the health outcome measured in the referenced publication?
Diarrheal morbidity
What is the primary focus of the study?
Comparing human and bovine milk‐based fortifiers
What is the population of interest in the study?
Infants born with low birth weight
What is the purpose of nutrient enrichment in human milk?
To meet the nutritional needs of infants born with low birth weight
What type of fortifiers are being compared in the study?
Human milk‐based and bovine milk‐based fortifiers
Why is nutrient enrichment in human milk necessary?
To address the nutritional deficiencies in human milk
What is the expected outcome of nutrient enrichment in human milk?
Optimal growth and development in infants
What is the role of fortifiers in human milk?
To enhance the nutritional content of human milk
What is the main advantage of using human milk‐based fortifiers?
Better tolerated by infants compared to bovine milk‐based fortifiers
Study Notes
Study Parameters
- Analyses were completed in a central laboratory (Rothen Medizinische Laboratorien AG) from April 2011 to March 2014.
- The study period was up to 32 weeks of gestation or at 21 ± 1 days (day 21).
Sample Analysis
- Faecal samples were analyzed for gastrointestinal inflammation, namely faecal alpha-1 antitrypsin.
- No significant differences in any faecal biomarkers were found at FS day one (Figure 2).
Comparison of Fortifier Groups
- The control fortifier group had a higher gastrointestinal protein loss and/or inflammation compared to the new fortifier group.
- The new fortifier had higher electrolyte and vitamin levels, while achieving a lower osmolality than the control fortifier.
Ethics Approval
- The study was approved by the institutional review board or independent ethics committee at each hospital.
- Written, informed consent was obtained from the parent or legal representative of each participant.
Gastrointestinal Complications in Preterm Infants
- Preterm infants are at risk for gastrointestinal complications, including NEC (Necrotizing Enterocolitis).
- Faecal biomarkers provide a non-invasive and early method for detecting increased risk for these conditions.
Assessing Gastrointestinal Function and Inflammation
- Faecal biomarkers can assess maturity of gastrointestinal function and inflammation in preterm infants.
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin, a serum trypsin inhibitor, is highly expressed in faecal biomarkers.
Study Objectives and Methods
- The study aimed to assess the effect of two human milk fortifiers with different compositions on faecal biomarkers of gastrointestinal inflammation and maturity of gut function.
- The study involved clinically stable preterm infants with a birth weight of up to 1500g.
- Mothers provided expressed or donor breast milk for the 21-day study duration.
Fecal Calprotectin
- Fecal calprotectin is a biomarker used to identify intestinal distress in preterm infants.
- A logarithmic transformation was applied to FS day one values to compare groups.
Relevant Research
- Zhang et al. (2019) studied the diagnostic value of fecal calprotectin in preterm infants.
- Rigo et al. (unknown date) researched the nutrient enrichment of human milk with human and bovine milk-based fortifiers for infants born weighing up to 1500g.
A study analyzing faecal samples of pregnant women to detect gastrointestinal inflammation. The study was conducted from 2011 to 2014 and samples were analyzed up to 32 weeks of gestation. The study found no significant differences in faecal biomarkers.
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