Week 1 of development
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What is the correct sequence of events during the first week of development?

  • Blastocyst formation, Fertilization, Cleavage of the zygote, Implantation
  • Cleavage of the zygote, Fertilization, Implantation, Blastocyst formation
  • Fertilization, Cleavage of the zygote, Blastocyst formation, Implantation (correct)
  • Implantation, Cleavage of the zygote, Fertilization, Blastocyst formation

    • When does the fetal period begin during human development?

  • At the end of the first trimester
  • At the eighth week
  • At fertilization
  • At week nine (correct)

    • What is the correct term for the study of development from fertilized egg through the eighth week?

  • Fetalology
  • Embryology (correct)
  • Embryogenesis
  • Genetics

    • How is prenatal development divided in terms of time?

    <p>By trimesters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization normally occur in humans?

    <p>Uterine tube (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs within 12-24 hours after ovulation?

    <p>Fertilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of zona pellucida in relation to implantation?

    <p>Prevents implantation at an abnormal site (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the blastocyst usually orient with its inner cell mass towards the endometrium?

    <p>6 days after fertilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens about 7 days after fertilization in relation to the blastocyst?

    <p>The blastocyst attaches more firmly to the endometrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase is the endometrium in when the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall?

    <p>Secretory phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional layer of the endometrium known as after implantation?

    <p>Decidua (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the endometrial glands around the time of blastocyst attachment?

    <p>They enlarge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of capacitation in the fertilization process?

    <p>To enable the sperm to fertilize the ovum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the acrosome reaction?

    <p>To enable the sperm to break through the zona pellucida (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism that prevents polyspermy?

    <p>The depolarization of the membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the zona pellucida after fertilization?

    <p>To become impermeable to other sperms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the uterine milk?

    <p>To provide nourishment for the developing morula (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the blastocyst cavity?

    <p>To reorganize the blastomeres around a fluid-filled cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the embryoblast?

    <p>To develop into the embryo (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the trophoblast?

    <p>To develop into the outer chorionic sac and the fetal portion of the placenta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the shedding of the zona pellucida?

    <p>To permit implantation into the endometrial lining of the uterus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary event that restores the diploid number of chromosomes?

    <p>The fusion of the male and female pronuclei (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the blastocyst usually orient during implantation?

    <p>Towards the myometrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs about 7 days after fertilization in relation to the blastocyst?

    <p>Attachment to the endometrium more firmly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the endometrial glands around the time of blastocyst attachment?

    <p>They enlarge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the blastocyst attach to the uterine wall following implantation?

    <p>2 days after becoming surrounded by endometrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional layer of the endometrium known as following implantation?

    <p>Decidua (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the zona pellucida after fertilization?

    <p>Prevents implantation at an abnormal site (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the endometrium at the time of blastocyst attachment?

    <p>It forms new blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct term for a region in the decidua based on its position relative to the site of the implanted blastocyst?

    <p>Decidual basalis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the blastocyst secrete before burrowing into the endometrium?

    <p>Enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is happening at this time when the endometrium is in its secretory phase?

    <p>It is preparing for implantation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Implantation occurs about 6 days after fertilization.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall before secreting enzymes and burrowing into the endometrium.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The decidua is the name given to the functional layer of the endometrium after implantation.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The endometrium becomes more vascularized before the blastocyst attaches more firmly to it.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The zona pellucida plays a role in preventing implantation at an abnormal site.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inner cell mass of the blastocyst always orients towards the posterior portion of the uterus during implantation.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The blastocyst remains free within the uterine cavity for about 3 days before attaching to the uterine wall.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Following implantation, different regions of the decidua are named based on their positions relative to the site of the implanted blastocyst.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Endometrial glands enlarge before becoming more vascularized around the time of blastocyst attachment.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The endometrium is in its secretory phase when the blastocyst attaches more firmly to it.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall before secreting enzymes and burrowing into the endometrium.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Implantation occurs about 6 days after fertilization.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The zona pellucida plays a role in preventing implantation at an abnormal site.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inner cell mass of the blastocyst always orients towards the posterior portion of the uterus during implantation.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The decidua is the name given to the functional layer of the endometrium after implantation.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Endometrial glands enlarge before becoming more vascularized around the time of blastocyst attachment.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The blastocyst remains free within the uterine cavity for about 3 days before attaching to the uterine wall.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Endometrial glands enlarge before secreting enzymes around the time of blastocyst attachment.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the zona pellucida in relation to implantation?

    <p>Prevents implantation at an abnormal site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the orientation of the blastocyst during implantation.

    <p>Inner cell mass toward the endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional layer of the endometrium known as following implantation?

    <p>Decidua</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the blastocyst attach to the uterine wall following implantation?

    <p>About 2 days after free floating in the uterine cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are different regions of the decidua named after implantation?

    <p>Based on their positions relative to the site of the implanted blastocyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process where the genetic material from a haploid sperm and a haploid secondary oocyte merges into a single diploid nucleus?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization normally occur in humans?

    <p>Uterine tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the sperm reach the uterine tube for fertilization?

    <p>Swim with the help of flagella (tail)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does fertilization usually occur in relation to ovulation?

    <p>Within 12-24 hours after ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of development from the fertilized egg through the eighth week?

    <p>Embryology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the acrosome reaction in fertilization?

    <p>The acrosome reaction allows the sperm to break through the Zona pellucida by releasing proteolytic enzymes like acrosin and trypsin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the process of cleavage in the development of a zygote.

    <p>Cleavage involves rapid mitotic cell divisions of the zygote, resulting in the formation of blastomeres and eventually a solid sphere of cells called the morula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the trophoblast in the development of the blastocyst?

    <p>The trophoblast forms the outer superficial layer of the blastocyst and eventually develops into the outer chorionic sac and fetal portion of the placenta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the importance of the blastocyst cavity in embryonic development.

    <p>The blastocyst cavity is a fluid-filled space within the blastocyst that helps reorganize cells and differentiate into the embryoblast and trophoblast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the hatching of the blastocyst from the zona pellucida?

    <p>The blastocyst secretes an enzyme that digests a hole in the zona pellucida, allowing it to squeeze out and prepare for implantation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Embryo = Developing human from fertilization through the eighth week Fetus = Developing human from week nine until birth Prenatal development = Time from fertilization to birth, including embryonic and fetal periods Trimesters = Periods of three calendar months each during prenatal development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their occurrences during the first week of development:

    <p>Fertilization = Merging genetic material into a diploid nucleus Cleavage of zygote = First week event characterized by cell division Blastocyst formation = Formation of a hollow ball of cells Implantation = Attachment of blastocyst to the uterine wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following processes with their descriptions in fertilization:

    <p>Fertilization = Merging genetic material from sperm and secondary oocyte Sperm migration = Swimming to uterine tube with help of flagella and prostaglandins Uterine contractions = Facilitating migration of sperm from vagina into uterine cavity Changes in sperm = Undergoing modifications prior to fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

    <p>Embryonic period = Development from fertilization through the eighth week Fetal period = Development from week nine until birth Embryology = Study of development from the fertilized egg through the eighth week Prenatal development = Time from fertilization to birth, including embryonic and fetal periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their timings during prenatal development:

    <p>Embryonic period = Extends from fertilization through the eighth week Fetal period = Begins at week nine and continues until birth Trimesters = Divided into periods of three calendar months each First week of development = Characterized by significant events like fertilization and cleavage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events during implantation with the correct timing:

    <p>Blastocyst loosely attaches to endometrium = 6 days after fertilization Blastocyst attaches more firmly to endometrium = 7 days after fertilization Endometrium becomes more vascularized = Around the time of blastocyst attachment Blastocyst secretes enzymes and burrows into endometrium = After attaching to uterine wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following descriptions with the correct terms:

    <p>Functional layer of the endometrium after implantation = Decidua Regions of decidua based on position relative to blastocyst = Different regions Primary purpose of the shedding of zona pellucida = Preventing implantation at abnormal site Role in preventing implantation at abnormal site = Zona pellucida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following statements with the correct events during implantation:

    <p>Endometrial glands enlarge = Before becoming more vascularized Blastocyst orientation during implantation = Inner cell mass towards endometrium Endometrium in its secretory phase = After the blastocyst attaches to uterine wall Blastocyst remains free within uterine cavity before attachment = Approximately 2 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following factors with their primary functions:

    <p>Blastocyst cavity = Primary function is not specified Embryoblast = Primary function is not specified Trophoblast = Development of the blastocyst Uterine milk = Primary function is not specified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Hatching of blastocyst from zona pellucida trigger = Not specified in text Fetal period beginning time point = Not specified in text Prenatal development time division basis = Not specified in text Orientation of blastocyst during implantation = Inner cell mass towards endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events in fertilization and embryonic development:

    <p>Acrosome reaction = Allows sperm to break through Zona pellucida Capacitation = Biochemical process enabling sperm to fertilize ovum Fusion of male and female pronuclei = Restores diploid number of chromosomes Formation of blastocyst cavity = Reorganizes cells around a fluid-filled cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following stages in early embryonic development with their descriptions:

    <p>Morula stage = Solid sphere of cells surrounded by zona pellucida Blastocyst stage = Formation of embryoblast and trophoblast cell populations Cleavage stage = Rapid mitotic cell divisions of the zygote Implantation stage = Attachment into the endometrial lining of the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their functions in fertilization and implantation:

    <p>Zona pellucida shedding = Permits hatching of blastocyst from it Uterine milk secretion = Provides nourishment for developing morula Endometrial glands enlargement = Before becoming more vascularized around blastocyst attachment Trophoblast formation = Develops into outer chorionic sac and fetal portion of placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following timeframes with their corresponding events in embryonic development:

    <p>First cleavage completion = About 6 hours after zygote formation 32-cell stage = Entry of fluid forming blastocyst cavity Hatching of blastocyst = Around 5 days after fertilization Implantation in uterus = After zona pellucida shedding and hatching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their roles in fertilization and early embryonic development:

    <p>Acrosome = Contains enzymes for breaking through Zona pellucida Embryoblast = Develops into the embryo internally Blastocoel = Large fluid-filled cavity reorganizing blastomeres Female pronucleus = Forms after completion of meiosis II in oocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

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