Questions and Answers
What is the approximate duration of the Prehistory period?
2.5 million years
What is a characteristic of the Paleolithic period?
Use of stone tools
What significant event occurred during the Neolithic period?
Beginning of agriculture
What is a characteristic of the Mesolithic period?
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What is the next stage after the Neolithic period?
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What is a characteristic of the Edad del Bronce?
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What is the approximate date of the beginning of the Neolithic period?
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What is a characteristic of the Homo sapiens?
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What is one of the significant developments in the social organization of humans during the Prehistory?
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What is one of the key innovations in agriculture during the Prehistory?
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What is one of the primary reasons why the Prehistory is significant to human civilization?
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What is one of the ways in which students can engage with the Prehistory?
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What is one of the types of technology that developed during the Prehistory?
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Study Notes
Prehistory
- Period of time from the emergence of the first hominids to the invention of writing, approximately 2.5 million years to around 3300 BCE.
- Duration: 2.5 million years to 3300 BCE.
Division of Prehistory
- Divided into three major periods: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic.
Paleolithic (Old Stone Age)
- Duration: 2.5 million years to approximately 10,000 BCE.
- Characteristics:
- Use of stone tools.
- Societies of hunter-gatherers.
- Development of cave art.
- Domestication of fire.
- Milestones:
- Emergence of Homo habilis.
- Evolution of Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis.
- Emergence of Homo sapiens.
Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age)
- Duration: Approximately 10,000 BCE to 6,000 BCE.
- Characteristics:
- Transition between Paleolithic and Neolithic.
- Adaptation to post-glacial climate change.
- Use of more sophisticated tools (microliths).
- Beginning of sedentism.
Neolithic (New Stone Age)
- Duration: 6,000 BCE to approximately 3,300 BCE.
- Characteristics:
- Neolithic Revolution: start of agriculture and animal husbandry.
- Sedentary societies and formation of villages.
- Use of polished stone tools.
- Emergence of ceramics.
- Development of trade and labor specialization.
Transition to History: Metal Age
- After the Neolithic, the Metal Age emerged, which includes:
- Copper Age: initial use of copper for tools and weapons.
- Bronze Age: alloy of copper and tin to produce bronze.
- Iron Age: use of iron for tools and weapons.
Cultural and Technological Advances
- Tools and Technology: from simple stone tools to metal tools.
- Social Organization: from nomadic groups to complex societies with hierarchies and labor specialization.
- Art and Culture: from cave art to decorated ceramics.
- Agricultural Innovations: development of cultivation techniques and animal domestication.
Impact on Humanity
- Prehistory laid the foundation for human civilization.
- Technological and social evolution during this period enabled the development of the first historical civilizations.
