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Questions and Answers
What is the average weight gain during pregnancy?
24 lbs
What is the main purpose of ensuring adequate nutrition during pregnancy?
Weight gain during pregnancy is consistent across all trimesters.
False
The energy intake during pregnancy should be ____ kcal per kg of pregnant weight per day.
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How much extra food calories are generally suggested for lactation?
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How much protein per 100 ml is contained in human milk?
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Match the components of maternal weight gain with their respective weights:
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Study Notes
Pregnancy Duration and Stages
- Pregnancy lasts for 266-280 days (37-40 weeks).
- Divided into three trimesters, corresponding to three phases: implantation, organogenesis, and growth.
Nutritional Objectives During Pregnancy and Lactation
- Ensure optimal nutrition for mothers before, during, and after pregnancy and during lactation.
- Provide adequate nutrition to meet increased nutrient demands of both mother and fetus.
Calorie Allowances During Pregnancy
- Total energy cost of pregnancy is approximately 80,000 kcal.
- Additional energy cost is about 300 kcal per day.
- Recommended energy intake is 36 kcal per kg of pregnant weight per day.
Weight Gain During Pregnancy
- Normal weight gain during pregnancy follows a sigmoid curve.
- Average weight gain is 24 lbs, with a gain of 15-30 lbs in the first trimester and 0.8 lbs per week thereafter.
- Components of weight gain: fetus (7.5 lbs), uterus (2 lbs), placenta (1.5 lbs), amniotic fluid (2 lbs), blood volume (3 lbs), extracellular fluid accretion (2 lbs), breast tissue (1 lb), and fat (9 lbs), totaling 28 lbs.
Weight Gain Considerations
- Underweight: Mothers may need to gain more weight than the average.
- Overweight and Obese: Mothers may need to gain less weight than the average to avoid complications.
Nutritional Needs During Lactation
- Lactation requires extra calories and nutrients.
- The extra calories needed depend on the amount of milk produced.
- The FNRI recommends an increase of 1,000 calories above normal requirements for an average milk production of 850 mL.
- Human milk contains approximately 0.70 calories per ml or 20 calories per ounce.
Protein Allowances During Pregnancy and Lactation
- Adequate protein intake from high-biological-value (HBV) foods is essential during pregnancy, especially for preparing for lactation.
- Protein needs are highest during peak lactation.
- Sufficient protein intake is crucial to meet maternal needs and provide essential amino acids to the infant via breast milk.
- Increase in protein intake during lactation can increase milk production, while a decrease can lower production.
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Description
This quiz covers key aspects of pregnancy duration, nutritional needs during pregnancy and lactation, calorie allowances, and the dynamics of weight gain. Test your understanding of how to support mothers and their developing fetuses through nutrition and health guidelines.
