Pregnancy Complications: Edema and Leg Cramps

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What is the range of acceptable BMI for individuals?

18.5-24.9 kg/m2 (correct)

20.0-27.0 kg/m2

15.0-24.9 kg/m2

16.0-26.0 kg/m2

What is the suggested median BMI at the population level?

20.0 kg/m2

21.5 kg/m2

21.0 kg/m2 (correct)

20.5 kg/m2

What is the range of kilocalorie requirements?

1800-2400

2100-2950 (correct)

2200-3000

1900-2500

Why is it difficult to apply energy requirements universally?

Due to differences in body composition and habitual physical activity Signup and view all the answers

What should dietary energy intake allow for?

Maintaining an adequate BMI at the population's usual level of energy expenditure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of leg cramps in pregnant women?

Low serum calcium and high serum phosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dietary modification for pregnant women with edema?

No specific dietary modification is necessary Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential effect of calcium deficiency on the fetus?

Decreased infant bone density Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for pregnant women with leg cramps?

Supplement with calcium and reduce milk intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of iodine deficiency on the fetus?

Cretinism Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of protein deficiency on the fetus?

Reduced head circumference Signup and view all the answers

At what age are babies physiologically and developmentally ready for solid foods?

6 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the most acceptable alternative to breast milk if an infant is not breastfeeding?

Infant formula Signup and view all the answers

How often should complementary foods be provided initially?

2-3 times a day Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to introduce one new food at a time?

To identify the cause of an allergic reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of an infant's indication of hunger or satiety?

Their physical cues Signup and view all the answers

How long should parents wait before introducing another new food after introducing one?

2-7 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of unexplained weight loss in older adults?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total calories is considered excessive alcohol intake?

15% Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when fat replaces muscle in older adults?

Sarcopenia Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential problem that can arise from social isolation in older adults?

Weight loss Signup and view all the answers

At what age do approximately half of all persons experience memory impairment caused by dementia or other neurological diseases?

85 Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of restricting one's calorie intake and consuming antioxidants?

Increased longevity Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign of failure to thrive in healthy full-term babies?

Loss of more than 7% of birth weight Signup and view all the answers

At what age should complementary foods be introduced to an infant's diet?

At the end of 6 completed months Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended way to promote healthy eating habits in infants?

Providing a variety of foods at mealtimes Signup and view all the answers

What is a red flag for failure to thrive in infants?

Refusal of lumpy or textured foods at 10 months Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided during mealtimes to promote healthy eating habits?

TV and other distractions Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended way to support an infant's growth and development?

Complementing breast milk with whole cow's milk Signup and view all the answers

What is a common developmental milestone in infants at 12-18 months?

Acceptance of lumpy or textured foods Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended way to promote self-feeding in infants?

Encouraging them to feed themselves at the beginning of the meal Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mistake that parents make that can lead to failure to thrive?

Not recognizing and responding to child's verbal and non-verbal hunger signs Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of feeding for infants?

3-4 times a day Signup and view all the answers