80 Questions
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes chronic hypertension from gestational hypertension?
Prior normotensive state
What is the primary goal of BP self-monitoring in the clinical care of the hypertensive patient?
To monitor medication efficacy
What is the most significant risk factor for preeclampsia in a patient with a history of IVF?
IVF itself
What is the primary complication of magnesium sulfate use in preeclampsia?
Postpartum hemorrhage
What is the primary pathophysiologic mechanism underlying end-organ dysfunction in preeclampsia?
Endothelial injury
Which of the following is a characteristic of low-risk patients for preeclampsia?
Prior uncomplicated delivery
What is the primary reason for the use of non-stress tests (NSTs) and biophysical profiles (BPPs) in fetal surveillance?
To assess fetal well-being
What is the primary concern for the baby in a preeclamptic pregnancy?
IUGR
What is the primary effect of human placental lactogen and prolactin on insulin resistance in the second 20 weeks of pregnancy?
Increase peripheral resistance to insulin
What is the goal of A1C levels in pregnant women with diabetes?
Less than 9
When is it recommended to screen for gestational diabetes in pregnant women with average risk?
At 24-28 weeks
What is the goal of glucose management during labor in women with diabetes?
Maintain glucose levels between 70-110 mg/dL
Why is it important to assess for anemia in pregnancy?
Because of the risk of iron deficiency
What is a common symptom of preeclampsia?
Rapid weight gain
What is the primary cause of impaired liver function in preeclampsia?
Release of different mediators causing vasoconstriction and hypoxia
What is the primary cause of chorioamnionitis?
Normal flora in the vagina
What is the primary recommendation for preventing influenza and Covid-19 in pregnant women?
Mask up and get vaccinated
What is the purpose of administering steroids in the management of preeclampsia?
To promote fetal lung maturity
What is the primary concern during postpartum management of preeclampsia?
Monitoring for postpartum hemorrhage
What is the recommended treatment for newborns of HBsAG+ mothers?
Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin
What is the definition of HELLP syndrome?
Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets
What is the primary cause of cervical insufficiency?
Weakness of the cervix
What is the purpose of cerclage in cervical insufficiency?
To support the cervix and prevent painless dilation
What is the complication of preterm labor?
Systemic maturational deficiencies in the neonate
What is the primary goal of tocolytics in preterm labor?
To delay birth by 24 hours
What is the recommended dosage of betamethasone for fetal lung maturity?
12mg IM, q 24hrx 2 doses
What is the most common cause of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)?
Infection
What is the main risk factor for placenta previa?
All of the above
What is the primary complication of placental abruption?
Dic and shock
What is the definition of oligohydramnios?
Less than 500ml amniotic fluid
What is the main complication of polyhydramnios?
Preterm birth
What is the definition of cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)?
All of the above
What is the primary goal of the management of shoulder dystocia?
To dislodge the shoulder from behind the pubic bone
Which of the following is a complication of shoulder dystocia?
Fractured clavicle
What is the purpose of the McRoberts maneuver in managing shoulder dystocia?
To flex the thighs back onto the abdomen and push the knees back towards the ears
What is the Turtle Sign in shoulder dystocia?
The fetal head retracts into the maternal perineum
Who should be called to the room in the event of shoulder dystocia?
Obstetrician, extra nurses, and neonatal doctor and nurse
What is the purpose of subpubic pressure in managing shoulder dystocia?
To dislodge the shoulder from behind the pubic bone
What is the primary reason for identifying macrosomia before labor onset?
To minimize the risk of shoulder dystocia
What is the purpose of the Zavanelli maneuver in managing shoulder dystocia?
To replace the fetal head into the vagina and deliver the baby by emergency cesarean section
What is the primary risk factor for preterm labor in a patient with multiple gestations?
Uterine overdistension
What is the primary concern for the fetus in a patient with oligohydramnios?
Pulmonary hypoplasia
What is the primary goal of antepartum care in a patient with multiple gestations?
To increase caloric intake
What is the primary complication of polyhydramnios?
Preterm birth
What is the primary indication for the use of tocolytics in preterm labor?
To delay birth by 24 hours
What is the primary risk factor for placenta previa?
Prior placenta previa
What is the primary characteristic of precipitous labor?
Onset of labor to delivery in under 3 hours
What is the primary goal of the management of cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)?
To monitor for fetal intolerance
What is the primary effect of estrogen and progesterone on mom's insulin production in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy?
Stimulate insulin production and increase tissue response
Why is it essential to screen for gestational diabetes in pregnant women with average risk at 24-28 weeks?
To prevent hyperglycemia in the mother
What is the primary goal of antepartum management of diabetes in pregnancy?
To prevent hyperglycemia in the mother
What is the primary concern in the management of chorioamnionitis in labor?
Preventing maternal sepsis
What is the primary reason for educating pregnant women about influenza and Covid-19?
To prevent severe illness in the mother
What is the primary goal of postpartum management of diabetes in pregnancy?
To prevent rebound hypoglycemia in the mother
What is the primary reason for prenatal screening for Hepatitis B in pregnancy?
To prevent perinatal transmission
What is the primary concern in the management of HIV/AIDS in pregnancy?
To prevent perinatal transmission
What is the primary difference between chronic hypertension and gestational hypertension in pregnancy?
New onset of hypertension after 20 weeks gestation
Which of the following is a characteristic of high-risk patients for preeclampsia?
Multifetal pregnancy
What is the primary effect of widespread vasospasm in preeclampsia?
All of the above
What is the primary reason for frequent prenatal visits in the clinical care of the hypertensive patient?
To monitor for signs of preeclampsia
Which of the following is a complication of preeclampsia in the baby?
IUGR
What is the primary goal of routine prenatal blood panel and urinalysis in the clinical care of the hypertensive patient?
To monitor for signs of preeclampsia
What is the primary mechanism of magnesium sulfate in preventing seizures in preeclampsia?
Increasing the seizure threshold
Which of the following is a moderate risk factor for preeclampsia?
Nulliparity and obesity
What is the primary cause of brachial plexus injury in shoulder dystocia?
Compression of nerves by the pubic bone
What is the purpose of recognizing the Turtle Sign in shoulder dystocia?
To identify the onset of shoulder dystocia
What is the primary goal of the management of shoulder dystocia?
To dislodge the shoulder from behind the pubic bone
What is the role of the neonatal doctor and nurse in the management of shoulder dystocia?
To assess the baby for signs of brachial plexus injury
What is the primary reason for identifying macrosomia before labor onset?
To prevent shoulder dystocia
What is the purpose of fundal checks in post-delivery nursing care?
To monitor the mother for signs of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH)
What is the primary reason for performing the Zavanelli maneuver in shoulder dystocia?
To replace the fetal head into the vagina and deliver the baby by emergency cesarean section
What is the primary role of the obstetrician in the management of shoulder dystocia?
To coordinate the care of the mother and baby
What is the primary risk factor for prolapsed umbilical cord?
Presenting part not firmly against the cervix
What is the common complication of polyhydramnios that increases the risk of prolapsed umbilical cord?
Gush of extra fluid
What is the primary indication for emergency C-section in a patient with prolapsed umbilical cord?
Progression to prolonged decelerations
What is the primary goal of clinical therapy in a patient with prolapsed umbilical cord?
To maintain upward pressure on the presenting part
What is the primary complication of uterine rupture?
Pain and hemorrhage
What is the primary indication for emergency C-section in a patient with uterine rupture?
Loss of fetal station
What is the primary risk factor for uterine rupture?
Previous uterine incision
What is the primary management of uterine rupture?
Emergency C-section
Test your knowledge on how estrogen and progesterone affect insulin production and tissue response during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. Learn about the anabolic and catabolic phases of pregnancy and how they impact glucose levels in the mother and fetus. Assess your understanding of the role of human placental lactogen and prolactin in peripheral insulin resistance.
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