Preeclampsia Signs and Symptoms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the causes of ankle edema in pregnancy according to the text?

  • Elevating the legs when sitting
  • Reduced sodium levels due to hormonal influences
  • Increased venous congestion in the legs (correct)
  • Optimal caloric and protein intake
  • What contributes to impaired venous return in pregnancy, leading to ankle edema?

  • Prolonged standing or sitting (correct)
  • Elevating the legs when sitting
  • Optimal caloric and protein intake
  • Increased sodium levels due to hormonal influences
  • How should pregnant women manage mild ankle edema according to the text?

  • Increase sodium intake and elevate their legs when sitting
  • Maintain hydration and limit sodium intake (correct)
  • Rest for an hour with their feet lower than their heart
  • Consume a diet low in potassium and high in sodium
  • What impairs reabsorption of fluid into the intravascular compartment, contributing to ankle edema in pregnancy?

    <p>Obstruction of the lymphatic flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tests are typically performed on the baby to assess its well-being in cases of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy?

    <p>Nonstress test and biophysical profile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of pregnancy is the biophysical profile test commonly performed?

    <p>Third trimester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of complete abruption of the placenta during pregnancy?

    <p>Fetal death is extremely likely if not hospitalized at the time of the event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the viability of a fetus, according to the text?

    <p>24 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of pregnancy loss in the first trimester?

    <p>Chromosomal abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate proportion of pregnancies that are unplanned?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can be used for medical abortions up to 49 days of pregnancy?

    <p>Mifepristone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) based on blood pressure readings?

    <p>Greater than 140/90</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) among all pregnancies?

    <p>12%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main test involved in fetal heart rate surveillance if the patient is post 32 to 34 weeks of pregnancy?

    <p>Non-stress test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should pregnant women do at home to check fetal activity?

    <p>Perform kick counts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked in addition to blood pressure surveillance for patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)?

    <p>Kidney function tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What non-pharmacologic management strategies are recommended for hemorrhoids during pregnancy?

    <p>High fiber diet, increased fluids, and avoiding long periods of sitting on the toilet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of leg cramps during pregnancy?

    <p>Imbalance of calcium and phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended first line of treatment for epistaxis (nosebleeds) during pregnancy?

    <p>Compressing the soft outer portion of the nose against the midline septum for five to ten minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of leukorrhea during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased blood flow to the pelvic area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is considered safe for use in pregnancy for nasal congestion?

    <p>Rhinocort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of hemorrhoids during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased pressure in the rectal veins due to growing uterine pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should pregnant women do to prevent leg cramps at night?

    <p>Stretch hamstring and calf muscles before bedtime, stay hydrated, and increase magnesium rich foods intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to nasal congestion and epistaxis during pregnancy?

    <p>Estrogen-induced hyper secretion of mucus and increased blood flow to the nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the recommended non-pharmacologic management strategies for leukorrhea during pregnancy?

    <p>Wear a perineal pad and change it frequently, daily bathing, good perineal hygiene, and avoid douching and tampons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to hemorrhoids during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased pressure in the rectal veins due to growing uterine pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is NOT recommended for nasal congestion during pregnancy?

    <p>Sudafed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of nasal congestion and epistaxis during pregnancy?

    <p>Estrogen-induced hyper secretion of mucus and increased blood flow to the nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the diagnostic criteria for hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Intractable vomiting in the first half of the pregnancy, dehydration, ketonuria, and weight loss of 5% of pre-pregnancy weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the only FDA-approved drug for treating nausea and vomiting in pregnancy?

    <p>Doxylamine pyridoxine (Diclegis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of ectopic pregnancy?

    <p>Unilateral lower quadrant pain and lower back pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incidence of ectopic pregnancy within the general population?

    <p>No more than 2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential serious consequence of ectopic pregnancy?

    <p>Ruptured tube causing shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored if hyperemesis gravidarum patients can be treated outpatient?

    <p>Symptoms and prenatal vitamin intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of abdominal and pelvic complaints are common in ectopic pregnancy?

    <p>Unilateral lower quadrant pain and lower back pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some conservative management techniques for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy?

    <p>Bed rest and avoiding bland or dry foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tests should be done if ectopic pregnancy is suspected?

    <p>$7(3 + 5)$ quantitative, CBC type and Rh, ultrasound, and other preoperative labs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of ectopic pregnancies occur in the fallopian tubes?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common medication used for treating nausea and vomiting during pregnancy?

    <p>Doxylamine pyridoxine (Diclegis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help lessen the severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy?

    <p>Consuming ginger in capsule form or ginger ale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended management approach for round ligament pain in pregnancy?

    <p>Encouraging stretching exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can exacerbate round ligament pain in pregnancy?

    <p>Coughing and sneezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of urinary frequency during pregnancy?

    <p>Pressure of the uterus on the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnancy?

    <p>To prevent preterm labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended fluid intake per day to manage urinary frequency during pregnancy?

    <p>Ten eight-ounce glasses of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone contributes to increased urine production during the first trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>Chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of urinary frequency in the third trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>Pressure of the uterus on the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help alleviate morning sickness during pregnancy?

    <p>Eating small, frequent meals high in protein and complex carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help alleviate round ligament pain in pregnancy?

    <p>Flexing hips before coughing or laughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action when experiencing urinary frequency during pregnancy?

    <p>Lean forward when voiding to empty the bladder more effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What recommendation should be given to pregnant women regarding fluid intake?

    <p>Increase fluid intake throughout the day and decrease it prior to bedtime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which exercise is recommended for strengthening the pelvic muscles during pregnancy?

    <p>Kegel exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can contribute to the development of varicose veins during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased blood volume and decreased blood flow from the legs to the pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help alleviate the pressure on the vena cava and aid in venous return during pregnancy?

    <p>Sleeping on the left side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hyperemesis gravidarum characterized by?

    <p>Persistent intractable vomiting leading to weight loss and electrolyte imbalance during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Multiple gestations or hydatidiform mole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signs may indicate dehydration in a pregnant woman suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Decreased urination, loss of skin elasticity, increased heart rate, confusion, and fainting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lab work should be done for a pregnant woman suspected of having hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Electrolytes, urinalysis for ketones and specific gravity, urine culture, hematocrit, total protein, liver enzymes, bilirubin, hepatitis panel, amylase, and lipase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary recommendation can help prevent constipation and straining in pregnant women?

    <p>$ ext{Increase fiber intake}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test should be done for a pregnant woman with varicose veins to rule out urinary tract infection?

    <p>$ ext{Urine culture}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can contribute to an increased risk of varicose veins in pregnant women?

    <p>Family history of varicose veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can pregnant women manage varicose veins?

    <p>Avoid prolonged standing or sitting, elevate legs frequently, wear support hose and comfortable shoes, encourage regular exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for backache during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased curvature of the lumbosacral vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can worsen constipation in pregnant women?

    <p>Iron intake and calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do pregnant women experience reflux?

    <p>Displacement of the stomach by the enlarging uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to leg cramps at night during pregnancy?

    <p>Wearing high-heeled shoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a non-pharmacologic management strategy for hemorrhoids during pregnancy?

    <p>Using heating pads or hot compresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should laxatives be used with caution in pregnant women?

    <p>To induce labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the development of varicose veins during pregnancy?

    <p>Compression of the lower bowel by the enlarging uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of eclampsia, in addition to those of preeclampsia?

    <p>Seizure activity and severe unrelenting headaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of bleeding in placenta previa?

    <p>Vaginal intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tests are recommended for patients suspected of having HELLP syndrome?

    <p>CBC, liver function studies, coagulation profile, and 24-hour urine for protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of leg cramps during pregnancy?

    <p>Impaired venous return</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely consequence of oliguria in patients with eclampsia?

    <p>Anuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the diagnosis of severe preeclampsia in patients suspected of having HELLP syndrome?

    <p>Low platelets and hepatomegaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia and those of eclampsia?

    <p>+1 on a voided sample progressing to +2 with worsening condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of left untreated placenta previa?

    <p>Fetal distress in utero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach for managing patients with severe preeclampsia?

    <p>Referral out for delivery as soon as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of nausea and vomiting in patients with HELLP syndrome?

    <p>Hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to impaired urine output in patients with eclampsia?

    <p>Proteinuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

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