Predictive Bias Quiz

Regression Analysis

• The standardized slope in the bivariate regression case is 1.
• The common regression equation is based on the formula: Y = a + bX, where Y is the dependent variable, X is the independent variable, a is the intercept, and b is the slope.

Predictive Bias

• Intercept bias occurs when the regression line does not intersect the Y-axis at the correct point, resulting in incorrect predictions.
• Predictive bias is defined as the difference between the predicted and actual outcomes, which can be due to various sources such as slope bias, intercept bias, or outcome score bias.

Predictive Bias Analysis

• The formula to predict a trainee's supervisor rating based on their aptitude score is: Y = a + bX, where Y is the supervisor rating, X is the aptitude score, a is the intercept, and b is the slope.
• The two steps involved in predictive bias analysis are:
  • Examining the regression line to identify potential biases
  • Evaluating the impact of differences in reliability between two groups

Slope Bias

• Slope bias occurs when the regression line has a different slope for different groups, resulting in incorrect predictions.
• The slope in bivariate regression represents the change in the dependent variable (Y) for a one-unit change in the independent variable (X), while controlling for other variables.

Outcome Score Bias

• Outcome score bias occurs when the scores of the outcome variable are not equally valid across different groups.

Co-occurrence of Biases

• When intercept and slope biases co-occur, it means that the regression line has both an incorrect intercept and an incorrect slope, resulting in inaccurate predictions.