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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the primary activity of women in pre-Hispanic Mexico?
Which of the following best describes the primary activity of women in pre-Hispanic Mexico?
- Constructing monumental architecture
- Gathering plants and fruits (correct)
- Crafting intricate jewelry
- Hunting large game
The term 'Mesoamerica' refers exclusively to the modern-day country of Mexico.
The term 'Mesoamerica' refers exclusively to the modern-day country of Mexico.
False (B)
What is the name given to humans that developed in Africa 150,000 years ago and began to cook with fire?
What is the name given to humans that developed in Africa 150,000 years ago and began to cook with fire?
Hominins
The skeletal remains found in Yucatán, Mexico, are known as ______.
The skeletal remains found in Yucatán, Mexico, are known as ______.
Match the following pre-Hispanic periods with a culture that emerged during it:
Match the following pre-Hispanic periods with a culture that emerged during it:
Which geographical feature did Homo Sapiens cross to arrive in Mesoamerica?
Which geographical feature did Homo Sapiens cross to arrive in Mesoamerica?
The primary reason Hernán Cortés named Mesoamerica 'New Spain' was to honor the indigenous cultures he encountered.
The primary reason Hernán Cortés named Mesoamerica 'New Spain' was to honor the indigenous cultures he encountered.
What science allows us to know about the customs and life of the first human beings, as well as the cultures of antiquity?
What science allows us to know about the customs and life of the first human beings, as well as the cultures of antiquity?
The deity worshipped by the Maya, associated with rain, was called ______.
The deity worshipped by the Maya, associated with rain, was called ______.
What valuable data archaeologists obtain from the archeological excavation of pre-Hispanic tombs?
What valuable data archaeologists obtain from the archeological excavation of pre-Hispanic tombs?
Flashcards
Pre-Hispanic Period
Pre-Hispanic Period
The historical period before 1519 in Mexico.
Archaeology
Archaeology
The science that studies the customs and life of early humans and ancient cultures.
Archaeologists
Archaeologists
People who excavate land in search of vestiges or material remains of past peoples.
Hominins
Hominins
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Agriculture
Agriculture
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Tradition
Tradition
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Mesoamerica meaning
Mesoamerica meaning
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Periods of Mesoamerican History
Periods of Mesoamerican History
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Teotihuacan
Teotihuacan
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The calendar
The calendar
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Study Notes
- The pre-Hispanic period occurred before 1519.
- Human groups arrived to populate the country over 12,000 years ago.
- Archeology studies the customs and lives of early humans and ancient cultures.
- Archeologists excavate the earth for vestiges or remains of past civilizations.
- Bone remains from pre-Hispanic tombs offer insights into the age, height, and health of individuals.
- Hominins were early modern humans who developed in Africa 150,000 years ago and cooked with fire.
- Hominins were the first to create spear points, knives, and scrapers for tanning hides.
- Hominins lived in the San Francisco mountains in California.
- Homo sapiens crossed the Bering Strait to reach Mesoamerica.
- The oldest skeleton found in Yucatán is called NaÃa.
- Indigenous peoples of America are called Indians.
- Agriculture was the primary means of obtaining food in central and southern America 5,000 years ago.
- Gathering plants and fruits was the primary activity for women in pre-Hispanic Mexico.
- Culture is how humans learn to live in the world, encompassing all aspects of life.
- The most complex and elaborate society in terms of social organization, scientific, and artistic development is called Civilization.
- Tradition is knowledge, customs, and ways of acting learned from ancestors that society considers valuable.
- Mesoamerica is Central America.
- Mesoamerica covers central and southern Mexico. Common Mesoamerican crops were corn, squash, beans, and chili.
- The Mixtecs and Olmecs appeared around 1000 BCE.
- The Zapotecs appeared around 500 BCE.
- Teotihuacan appeared around 1 CE.
- The Mayans appeared around 300 CE.
- The Totonacs appeared around 650 CE.
- The Purépecha and Toltecs appeared around 900 CE.
- The Mexicas appeared around 1325 CE.
- Aridoamerica is located in northern Mexico.
- Oasisamerica is where indigenous people lived in the northern part of Chihuahua State.
- Paquimé is a major city of Oasisamerica.
- Mesoamerica’s pre-Hispanic history is divided into three periods.
- The three periods of pre-Hispanic history are Preclassic, Classic, and Postclassic.
- The Olmecs, Zapotecs, and Mixtecs emerged in the Preclassic period.
- The Teotihuacans, Mayans, and Totonacs emerged in the Classic period.
- The Purépecha, Toltecs, and Mexicas emerged in the Postclassic period.
- Monte Albán was the first great city in Oaxaca, built on a mountain top, and used rain water.
- Teotihuacan was the main urban area in central Mexico, flourishing with refugees fleeing volcanic eruptions.
- Tikal, Copán, Palenque, and Cobá were major Mayan cities.
- TajÃn, La Quemada, Altavista, and Paquimé were pre-Hispanic cities in the Gulf of Mexico.
- The Olmecs built the first cities in Mesoamerica, in the southern region of the Gulf Coast.
- The Olmec language was related to Mixe and Zoque.
- The Aztecs were the most famous Mesoamerican peoples in war.
- The Tarascans, Mixtecs, and Quiché Mayas settled in Mesoamerica and created empires.
- Mesoamerican empires had a centralized government.
- Cloth, feathers, ceramics, and crafts were used as tribute payments in Mesoamerican empires.
- Teotihuacan had a population of 200,000.
- Mesoamericans built houses of wattle and daub, adobe, and maguey leaves.
- Mesoamerican peoples asked their gods for health and good crops.
- The Olmec empire worshipped a jaguar god of the earth linked to its rulers.
- Chac was the god of the Mayans.
- Tláloc was the god of the Nahuas and Mexicas.
- The calendar regulated activities like wars, religious festivals, agricultural production, weddings, and markets in Mesoamerica.
- Olmec and Mayan writing was logographic and phonetic.
- Oasisamerica was located north of Mesoamerica.
- The people of Aridoamerica hunted and gathered.
- The region in the deserts in Baja California and Sonora is Aridoamerica.
- The CochimÃes and Kiliwas settled in Baja California.
- The Seris settled in Sonora.
- The Pápagos, Pimas, Yaquis of Sonora, and Tarahumaras of Chihuahua have lasted 2,000 years in Aridoamerica.
- The Chichimecas were the best hunters in the north and admired as the best archers and bravest in war.
- The peoples of Aridoamerica had the advantage of not paying taxes.
- The Spanish conquered the Chichimecas.
- Oasisamerica is located in northwest Mexico and the southwest United States, emerging around 500 CE.
- The cities of Anasazi in New Mexico, Mogollón, and Paquimé in Chihuahua were located in Oasisamerica.
- Quetzalcoatl was the ruler of Tula who established the Toltec laws.
- The Mayan, Mixtec, and Purépecha kingdoms appeared in the Postclassic period.
- The Mexicas traveled from Aztlán to the Valley of Mexico to found Tenochtitlán.
- Tenochtitlán was founded in 1325.
- The Mexicas made human sacrifices to honor their gods, sacrificing captured warriors.
- The King led battles in the Mexica society.
- The Spanish brought horses, donkeys, cows, bulls, sheep, goats, pigs, and hens to Mesoamerica.
- The Spanish conquered Cuba in 1511.
- Hernán Cortés arrived and conquered the Mexicas in 1519.
- Hernán Cortés founded Veracruz in 1519.
- La Malinche was Cortés' negotiator with other peoples.
- Hernán Cortés named Mesoamerica New Spain resembling Spain.
- The massacre of the main temple of Tenochtitlán occurred in 1520.
- La Noche Triste ("The Sad Night") was when the Mexicas disowned Moctezuma and attacked the Spanish, forcing them to retreat.
- The final battle between Mexicas and Spaniards lasted three months.
- Cuauhtémoc, the last Mexica king, was captured and surrendered to the Spanish in 1521.
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