Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why women are more susceptible to infections during pregnancy?

  • Increased age of the mother
  • Poor nutrition during pregnancy
  • Reduced immunity in pregnancy (correct)
  • Increased physical activity
  • Which management tool should be used to identify red flags in suspected sepsis during pregnancy?

  • Basic Life Support Protocol
  • NEWS2
  • Patient's Medical History
  • Maternity Assessment Card (correct)
  • How quickly must antibiotics be administered in response to the onset of sepsis in a maternity patient?

  • Within 2 hours
  • Within 30 minutes
  • Within 1 hour (correct)
  • Within 4 hours
  • In which scenarios should a maternity patient be conveyed to an obstetric unit?

    <p>If there is one red flag or two amber flags present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes a critical condition that would warrant immediate action for a maternity patient?

    <p>The patient is experiencing ongoing life-threatening hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of utilizing the NEWS2 scoring system for maternity patients?

    <p>It may provide inaccurate assessments due to maternal physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if a midwife is called in the presence of red flags?

    <p>It will delay care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following identifies a direct cause of maternal sepsis?

    <p>Infection during pregnancy or genital tract-related</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of pre-eclampsia?

    <p>Hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is associated with severe pre-eclampsia?

    <p>Organ dysfunction indicated by proteinuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor is NOT associated with pre-eclampsia?

    <p>Age 35 years or younger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate positioning for a pregnant woman with suspected pre-eclampsia during conveyance?

    <p>Left or right lateral positioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about eclampsia is accurate?

    <p>It presents typically as tonic/clonic convulsions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most critical type of red flag feature to assess for in a patient suspected of having pre-eclampsia?

    <p>Severe headache and visual disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can organ dysfunction in severe pre-eclampsia lead to?

    <p>Subarachnoid hemorrhage and stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During an ABCDE assessment for a woman with suspected pre-eclampsia, what aspect is important to monitor continuously?

    <p>Blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pre-eclampsia

    • Characterized by new hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation.
    • Proteinuria indicates organ dysfunction.
    • Risk factors include:
      • First pregnancy
      • Age 40 or older
      • Pregnancy interval more than 10 years
      • Body mass index of 35 or higher
      • Family history of pre-eclampsia
      • Multiple pregnancy
      • Pre-existing medical conditions (hypertension, renal or cardiac disease, diabetes).

    Management of Pre-eclampsia

    • Conduct an ABCDE assessment and report findings.
    • Identify time-critical features/red flags; pre-alert to the nearest obstetric unit if present.
    • If no urgent features, continue thorough assessment.
    • During transport:
      • Position patient in right or left lateral position.
      • Monitor blood pressure continuously.
    • Severe pre-eclampsia can lead to life-threatening conditions such as sub-arachnoid hemorrhage and stroke.

    Eclampsia

    • Defined by new onset convulsions during pregnancy or postpartum, typically in cases of pre-eclampsia.
    • Presents as tonic/clonic convulsions; seizures are brief.
    • Requires IV access and medication if paramedics are on site.

    Maternal Sepsis

    • Ante-partum and post-partum sepsis are significant causes of maternal mortality in the UK.
    • Can have direct causes related to pregnancy or indirect causes (e.g., influenza, COVID-19).
    • Pregnant women have reduced immunity, increasing infection risk.
    • Rapid onset is common.

    Management of Suspected Sepsis

    • NEWS2 is not validated for assessing sepsis in pregnancy; use the Maternity Assessment Card to check for red flags.
    • Pre-alert the obstetric unit; antibiotics must be administered within one hour of suspected sepsis onset.
    • Red flags or two amber flags indicate critical condition.
    • Transport to maternity unit if ≥20 weeks gestation and stable; otherwise, convey to ED if <20 weeks or unstable.

    Summary of Key Actions

    • Continuous assessment for suspected pre-eclampsia until patient handover at the hospital.
    • Utilize the maternal assessment card to direct assessment and management of pregnancy complications.
    • Request additional resources promptly without scene delays.
    • Avoid calling a midwife in the presence of red flags to prevent care delays, unless the patient opts not to transfer.
    • Document all cases of pregnancy complications on Datix.

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    Related Documents

    Pregnancy Complications PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the definitions, risk factors, and management strategies associated with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Understand the clinical signs, urgency in treatment, and critical assessment protocols. Perfect for healthcare professionals needing a refresher on maternal health issues.

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