Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most common initial symptom in patients who may have diabetes?
What is the most common initial symptom in patients who may have diabetes?
- Lethargy
- Weight loss
- Polydipsia (correct)
- Fatigue
Which factor is NOT typically associated with the onset of diabetes symptoms?
Which factor is NOT typically associated with the onset of diabetes symptoms?
- Infection
- Excessive exercise (correct)
- Trauma
- Psychological stress
Which group is most likely to be misdiagnosed when first presenting with type 2 diabetes?
Which group is most likely to be misdiagnosed when first presenting with type 2 diabetes?
- Patients with DKA
- Patients over 60 years old
- Asymptomatic patients (correct)
- Individuals with obesity
What is an important blood test for evaluating long-term blood glucose control?
What is an important blood test for evaluating long-term blood glucose control?
Which statement about type 2 diabetes at diagnosis is true?
Which statement about type 2 diabetes at diagnosis is true?
Flashcards
Polyuria
Polyuria
Frequent urination, often associated with increased thirst and a feeling of being constantly thirsty.
Polydipsia
Polydipsia
Excessive thirst, often associated with frequent urination.
Polyphagia
Polyphagia
Increased hunger and appetite.
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
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Study Notes
Pre-Diagnosis Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes
- Common initial symptoms include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, fatigue, and lethargy.
- Patients may be thin and predisposed to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) if insulin levels are inadequate. Many present initially with DKA.
- Symptom onset can be triggered by infection, trauma, or psychological stress. Many patients are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms at diagnosis.
Incidental Diagnosis
- Many patients are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes incidentally.
- This is often through routine lab tests (plasma glucose or A1C).
- Or after developing complications, such as myocardial infarction or stroke.
HbA1c and Complications
- Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a blood test showing average blood glucose control over 2-3 months.
- Mild hyperglycemia can exist for years before diagnosis, leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications often present at the time of diagnosis.
Patient Characteristics
- Most patients are overweight or obese.
- Often have an elevated waist-to-hip ratio.
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