Pre-Classical Era AP World History Review
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Questions and Answers

What is the longest river in the world that provided great irrigation for the lands along the banks?

  • Nile River (correct)
  • Amazon River
  • Ganges River
  • Yangtze River

    • What type of rule was established under a pharaoh in ancient Egypt?

    Unified rule

    What are the two main methods through which a leader's rule can be enforced according to 'Coercion and Consent'?

    Force and religion

    What does 'Social Stratification' refer to?

    <p>Distinction by wealth or other differences in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Indus River Valley located?

    <p>Modern-day Pakistan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who brought Hinduism to the Indus River Valley?

    <p>Aryans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the natives of the Indus River Valley?

    <p>Dravidians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant interaction is referred to as the Vedic Age?

    <p>Interaction between Dravidians and Aryans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Upanishads?

    <p>Texts that brought Hinduism together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following caste divisions with their corresponding roles:

    <p>Priests = Brahmins Warriors = Kshatriyas Merchants = Vaishyas Common laborers = Shudras</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of 'Dharma' in Hinduism?

    <p>A role or job each caste has</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practice is believed to provide a better reincarnation according to Hindu beliefs?

    <p>Cremation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sacred language of the Hindu faith?

    <p>Sanskrit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pre-classical era lasted from ______ to ______.

    <p>10,000 BCE to 500 BCE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is referred to as the Agricultural Revolution?

    <p>The transition to sedentary civilizations from nomadic hunter-gatherers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the results of the Agricultural Revolution?

    <p>Surplus of food, specialized labor, roles in society, population booms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Mesopotamia mean?

    <p>&quot;Land between the rivers&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the Sumerians?

    <p>Invaders of Mesopotamia who developed cuneiform and city-states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does patriarchy refer to in early civilizations?

    <p>The dominance of males over females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who took over Mesopotamia after the Akkadians?

    <p>Babylonians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Hammurabi?

    <p>The King of Babylon known for his Code of Law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are hieroglyphics?

    <p>Egyptian writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Harappa known for?

    <p>Advanced civilization in the Indus River Valley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Mahabharata and Ramayana?

    <p>Epics of the Vedic Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Middle Kingdom in reference to?

    <p>China's position between the Huanghe and Yangtze Rivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Shang Dynasty known for?

    <p>Silk manufacturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Zhou Dynasty represent?

    <p>A larger empire that encouraged political unity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is feudalism?

    <p>A system where nobles have power over land and must protect lower classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Mandate of Heaven?

    <p>A form of coercion used by the Zhou dynasty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the takeaways from Egypt regarding governance?

    <p>Unified rule achieved through coercion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were important takeaways from Mesopotamia?

    <p>Polytheism and Hammurabi's Law Codes aimed at equality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did cultural diffusion lead to in India?

    <p>The early beginning of Hinduism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the main takeaways from China?

    <p>Use of feudalism and coercion through the Mandate of Heaven.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Agricultural Revolution enable societies to do?

    <p>Do more than just hunting and gathering.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nile River

    • Longest river in the world, crucial for irrigation in Egypt.
    • Forms the heart of ancient Egyptian civilization.

    Egypt

    • Unified under a pharaoh, offers strong natural defenses.
    • Engaged in trade with neighboring nations.
    • Forces like religion used to ensure obedience to rulers.
    • Exemplified by pharaohs and the Mandate of Heaven.

    Social Stratification

    • Hierarchical structure distinguishing wealth and societal roles.

    Indus River Valley

    • Located in modern-day Pakistan, features fertile land and natural defenses.

    Aryans

    • Indo-European nomadic tribe that introduced Hinduism to the Indus Valley.

    Dravidians

    • Indigenous people of the Indus River Valley.

    Vedic Age

    • Period marked by interaction between Aryans and Dravidians.
    • Significant for sharing and producing the Vedas, including the Rig Veda.

    Upanishads

    • Philosophical texts that unify and outline Hindu beliefs.

    Class Division - Caste System

    • Society divided into four main classes: Priests, Warriors, Merchants, and Laborers.

    Dharma

    • Concept representing the ethical duty of each caste.
    • Good performance yields positive karma and affects reincarnation.

    Cremation

    • Hindu practice believed to enhance the process of reincarnation.

    Sanskrit

    • Sacred language of Hinduism, used in Vedic texts.

    Pre-Classical Era

    • Spanning from 10,000 BCE to 500 BCE, marks early civilization development.

    Agricultural Revolution

    • Transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agricultural communities.

    Results of the Agricultural Revolution

    • Led to food surpluses, specialized labor, social stratification, and population increases.

    Mesopotamia

    • Known as "the land between the rivers"—Tigris and Euphrates.

    Sumerians

    • Early civilization that developed cuneiform writing, astronomical knowledge, and polytheistic beliefs around 3500 BCE.

    Patriarchy

    • Male dominance prevalent in early civilizations, shaping societal structures.

    Babylonians

    • Became dominant in Mesopotamia following the brief rule of the Akkadians.

    Hammurabi and his Code of Law

    • Babylonian king known for establishing legal codes focused on property rights and social order, favoring patriarchal norms.

    Hieroglyphics

    • Ancient Egyptian writing system, not as complex as cuneiform.

    Harappa

    • Advanced civilization in the Indus River Valley noted for its sophisticated urban planning and sanitation.

    Mahabharata and Ramayana

    • Epic literary works from the Vedic Age, significant to Hindu culture and philosophy.

    Middle Kingdom

    • Term for China, located between the Huanghe and Yangtze Rivers, contributing to its cultural identity.

    Shang Dynasty

    • Noted for advancements in silk manufacturing and bronze casting.

    Zhou Dynasty

    • Larger empire that contributed to political unity and stability, flourishing from around 1029 BCE.

    Feudalism

    • Hierarchical system granting nobles control over land while providing for serfs or lower classes.

    Mandate of Heaven

    • Concept used by the Zhou dynasty claiming divine right of emperors, justified removal through divine displeasure.

    Takeaways from Egypt

    • Achieved governance through coercion and a productive agricultural system.

    Takeaways from Mesopotamia

    • Polytheism and legal structures like Hammurabi's Code aimed at promoting equality among citizens.

    Takeaways from India

    • Cultural diffusion leading to the establishment of Hinduism as a major world religion.

    Takeaways from China

    • Stability maintained through feudalism and coercive strategies like the Mandate of Heaven.

    Takeaways from the Agricultural Revolution

    • Marked a significant shift in human activity, enhancing societal complexity and trade opportunities.

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    Description

    Prepare for your AP World History exam with this review quiz focusing on the Pre-Classical Era. Explore key concepts like the Nile River and the role of Egypt in ancient civilization. Test your knowledge on important terms and definitions that shaped early human history.

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