PPAR: Mechanisms of Action and Regulation
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the positioning of H12 when a ligand binds to PPARγ?

  • It moves towards the co-activator binding site (correct)
  • It moves towards the co-repressor binding site
  • It moves away from the co-repressor binding site
  • It remains unchanged

PPARγ ubiquitination leads to an increase in transcriptional activity.

False (B)

What is the role of SIRT1 in PPARγ-mediated browning of white adipose tissue?

SIRT1 is a deacetylase necessary for PPARγ-mediated browning of white adipose tissue.

PPARγ regulates lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis by increasing the expression of genes such as _______________________.

<p>Glut4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following post-translational modifications of PPARγ with their effects on its activity:

<p>Phosphorylation = SUMOylation Increases transcriptional activity = Blocks transcriptional activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ligand Binding and Co-regulator Switching

  • Ligand binding induces a change in the positioning of H12, favoring co-activator binding and leading to co-repressor/co-activator switching.

Post-translational Modification of PPAR

  • Phosphorylation of PPAR: • Can be kinase-dependent (e.g., Ser112) • Alters transcriptional activity
  • SUMOylation of PPAR: • Blocks transcriptional activity (e.g., Lys107)
  • Ubiquitination of PPAR: • Leads to degradation of PPAR
  • Acetylation of PPAR: • Deacetylation by SIRT1 is necessary for PPAR-mediated browning of white adipose tissue

PPARγ and Insulin Sensitivity

  • PPARγ plays a role in: • Adipocyte differentiation and mature adipocyte function • Lipid metabolism • Glucose homeostasis
  • PPARγ increases expression of genes involved in: • Glucose uptake: Glut4 • Insulin signaling: PI3K, CAP, IRS-1/IRS2 • All these genes are important participants in the activation of insulin receptor
  • Induced transducers for PPARγ: • FGF1 and FGF21 act locally to increase PPARγ

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Description

This quiz covers the mechanisms of action and regulation of PPAR, including ligand binding, post-translational modifications, and their effects on transcriptional activity and insulin sensitivity.

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