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Questions and Answers
What is the fundamental principle of democracy that ensures power is distributed equally among various institutions and groups?
What is the fundamental principle of democracy that ensures power is distributed equally among various institutions and groups?
India has a two-tier system of government.
India has a two-tier system of government.
False
What is horizontal power distribution?
What is horizontal power distribution?
Horizontal power distribution refers to the division of power among different institutions at the same level, such as the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.
The central government in Belgium has ______________________ powers.
The central government in Belgium has ______________________ powers.
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Which of the following is a form of power sharing?
Which of the following is a form of power sharing?
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Sri Lanka has a history of peaceful power sharing.
Sri Lanka has a history of peaceful power sharing.
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Match the following countries with their systems of power sharing:
Match the following countries with their systems of power sharing:
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The three tiers of government in India are the ______________________, State Governments, and Local Governments.
The three tiers of government in India are the ______________________, State Governments, and Local Governments.
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What is the benefit of vertical power distribution?
What is the benefit of vertical power distribution?
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Study Notes
Power Sharing in India
- Power sharing is a fundamental principle of democracy, which ensures that power is distributed equally among various institutions and groups.
- In India, power is shared among the three tiers of government:
- Centre (Union Government)
- State Governments
- Local Governments (Panchayats and Municipalities)
Horizontal and Vertical Power Distribution
- Horizontal Power Distribution:
- Refers to the division of power among different institutions at the same level, such as the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.
- Ensures that no one institution has too much power, preventing the concentration of power.
- Vertical Power Distribution:
- Refers to the division of power among different levels of government, such as the Centre, States, and Local Governments.
- Ensures that power is distributed equally among different levels of government, preventing the domination of one level over others.
Forms of Power Sharing
- There are two main forms of power sharing:
- Horizontal Power Sharing: Among different institutions at the same level (e.g., Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary).
- Vertical Power Sharing: Among different levels of government (e.g., Centre, States, and Local Governments).
Belgium: A Case Study
- Belgium is a federal state with a complex system of power sharing.
- The country has a bilingual population, with Dutch and French being the two main languages.
- To accommodate the diverse population, Belgium has a unique system of power sharing:
- The country is divided into three regions: Flanders, Wallonia, and Brussels.
- Each region has its own government, with significant powers.
- The central government has limited powers, and most decisions are made by the regional governments.
Sri Lanka: A Case Study
- Sri Lanka is an island nation with a diverse population, including Sinhalese, Tamils, and Muslims.
- The country has a long history of power struggles, leading to civil wars and conflicts.
- To address the power imbalance, Sri Lanka has adopted a system of power sharing:
- The country has a unitary system, with a central government having significant powers.
- However, the 13th Amendment to the Constitution (1987) introduced a system of devolution, where power is shared with Provincial Councils.
- The Provincial Councils have significant powers, including law-making and administrative powers.
Power Sharing in India
- Power sharing is a fundamental principle of democracy, ensuring equal distribution of power among institutions and groups.
- India has a three-tier system of government:
- Centre (Union Government)
- State Governments
- Local Governments (Panchayats and Municipalities)
Horizontal and Vertical Power Distribution
- Horizontal Power Distribution:
- Refers to the division of power among different institutions at the same level (e.g., Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary).
- Prevents concentration of power in one institution.
- Vertical Power Distribution:
- Refers to the division of power among different levels of government (e.g., Centre, States, and Local Governments).
- Prevents domination of one level over others.
Forms of Power Sharing
- Two main forms of power sharing:
- Horizontal Power Sharing: Among different institutions at the same level.
- Vertical Power Sharing: Among different levels of government.
Case Study: Belgium
- Belgium is a federal state with a complex system of power sharing.
- The country has a bilingual population, with Dutch and French as the main languages.
- UNIQUE FEATURES:
- Divided into three regions: Flanders, Wallonia, and Brussels.
- Each region has its own government with significant powers.
- Central government has limited powers, with most decisions made by regional governments.
Case Study: Sri Lanka
- Sri Lanka is an island nation with a diverse population, including Sinhalese, Tamils, and Muslims.
- The country has a history of power struggles, leading to civil wars and conflicts.
- POWER SHARING SYSTEM:
- Unitary system with a central government having significant powers.
- 13th Amendment to the Constitution (1987): Introduced a system of devolution, sharing power with Provincial Councils.
- Provincial Councils have significant powers, including law-making and administrative powers.
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Description
Learn about the principles of power sharing in India, horizontal and vertical power distribution, and the roles of Centre, State, and Local Governments.
