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Questions and Answers
What is the significance of the angle of repose in powder flowability?
What is the significance of the angle of repose in powder flowability?
- A higher angle of repose indicates improved powder flowability.
- The angle of repose is not directly related to powder flowability.
- The angle of repose only affects powder flowability if the powder is very fine.
- A lower angle of repose indicates improved powder flowability. (correct)
What is the effect of increasing the concentration of lubricant on the angle of repose?
What is the effect of increasing the concentration of lubricant on the angle of repose?
- Increasing lubricant concentration only affects the angle of repose in very fine powders.
- Increasing lubricant concentration increases the angle of repose. (correct)
- Increasing lubricant concentration decreases the angle of repose.
- Increasing lubricant concentration has no effect on the angle of repose.
What is the relationship between particle size and the angle of repose?
What is the relationship between particle size and the angle of repose?
- The relationship between particle size and angle of repose is complex and depends on other factors.
- Larger particle size results in a larger angle of repose. (correct)
- Larger particle size results in a smaller angle of repose.
- Particle size has no effect on the angle of repose.
Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing the angle of repose?
Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing the angle of repose?
The formula Tan θ = h/r is used to calculate what?
The formula Tan θ = h/r is used to calculate what?
What is the primary reason why good powder flowability is essential in pharmaceutical tablet manufacturing?
What is the primary reason why good powder flowability is essential in pharmaceutical tablet manufacturing?
Which of the following factors significantly contribute to powder flowability?
Which of the following factors significantly contribute to powder flowability?
How does particle size affect powder flowability?
How does particle size affect powder flowability?
What is the main mechanism by which glidents enhance powder flowability?
What is the main mechanism by which glidents enhance powder flowability?
What is the role of lubricants in powder flowability?
What is the role of lubricants in powder flowability?
What is the recommended maximum concentration of magnesium stearate as a lubricant in powder formulations?
What is the recommended maximum concentration of magnesium stearate as a lubricant in powder formulations?
Which of the following methods is a common approach to improve powder flowability when adding excipients fails to achieve the desired outcome?
Which of the following methods is a common approach to improve powder flowability when adding excipients fails to achieve the desired outcome?
Which of these factors is LEAST likely to directly influence powder flowability?
Which of these factors is LEAST likely to directly influence powder flowability?
Flashcards
Flowability
Flowability
The ease with which a powder mass flows, crucial for dosage uniformity.
Factors Affecting Flowability
Factors Affecting Flowability
Factors like particle shape, size, roughness, and packing influence powder flow.
Cohesion
Cohesion
The attraction between particles that affects their ability to flow together.
Adhesion
Adhesion
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Van der Waals Forces
Van der Waals Forces
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Improving Poor Flow
Improving Poor Flow
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Glidents
Glidents
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Lubricants
Lubricants
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Granulation
Granulation
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Angle of Repose
Angle of Repose
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Factors affecting Angle of Repose
Factors affecting Angle of Repose
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Calculating Angle of Repose
Calculating Angle of Repose
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Role of Lubricants
Role of Lubricants
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Study Notes
Powder Flowability
- Flowability is the ease of flow of a powder mass.
- It's critical for uniform feeding and preventing issues like capping or lamination in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
- Flowability depends on various factors including particle shape, size, size distribution, surface roughness, packing properties, etc.
- Powder flowability is its ability to flow in a desired manner in equipment.
Interaction Between Particles
- Cohesion (interaction between particles) and adhesion (interaction between particles and container) affect flow.
- Electrical surface charges, induced by friction, influence flow.
- Van der Waals forces and surface tension, particularly influenced by moisture, are mechanisms by which particles adhere to each other or to the container.
- These effects depend on the powder's chemical and physical form. Cohesion and adhesion increase as particle size decreases.
Improving Poor Flow
- Adding specific excipients (like glidents and lubricants) can improve flowability.
- Magnesium stearate is a common lubricant, but its concentration can't exceed a certain amount or it will hurt flow.
- Granulation involves agglomerating small particles into larger ones. This process increases the particle size and can improve flowability.
Angle of Repose
- Angle of repose is the maximum angle formed between the slope of a powder heap and the horizontal plane.
- Factors affecting the angle of repose include the particle's surface unevenness and non-uniformity, and particle size.
- Smaller particle sizes lead to higher angles of repose.
- Lubricants can decrease the angle of repose.
- Fines (small particles) increase the angle of repose.
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