Sustainable Development Goals (Chapter 1.3)
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Questions and Answers

What is a major consequence of poverty related to environmental degradation?

  • Exploitation of natural resources for survival. (correct)
  • Increased access to clean energy sources.
  • Investment in sustainable agricultural practices.
  • Improvement of urban infrastructure.

    • What is the definition of sustainable development based on the Brundtland Report?

  • Using resources until they are depleted.
  • Meeting present needs without harming future generations. (correct)
  • Focusing exclusively on economic growth.
  • Maximizing profit for current generations.

    • Which meeting is credited with spreading the idea of sustainable development?

  • The Paris Agreement.
  • The Kyoto Protocol.
  • The Doha Development Round.
  • The 1992 Earth Summit. (correct)

    • What percentage of the world's population lives below the international poverty line of $1.90 per day?

    <p>10 percent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to the high infant mortality rate in least-developed countries?

    <p>Inadequate nutrition and basic healthcare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one impact of migration to shantytowns in developing countries?

    <p>Increased environmental stress and degradation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Brundtland Report is associated with which of the following?

    <p>Promoting sustainable development concepts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate average annual income for people living in the richest countries?

    <p>$41,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following regions is known for having a significant portion of the world's wealthiest countries?

    <p>North America and Western Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much has the average life expectancy in China increased from the early 1960s to today?

    <p>34</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the world’s population is estimated to live in least-developed countries?

    <p>16.7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the per capita GDP of China today compared to less than $200 in the early 1960s?

    <p>$12,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ecological footprint of the average American per year?

    <p>9.7 global hectares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much global hectares would be required to support the entire population of China at American consumption levels?

    <p>10 billion gha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is commonly suggested as a reason for decline in urban air pollution despite economic growth?

    <p>Better regulation and pollution controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has doubled in China in less than a decade, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions?

    <p>Coal-powered electricity usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of environmental costs tend to decrease as communities become wealthier?

    <p>Household sanitation issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the two basic principles of sustainable development stated by Herman Daly?

    <p>Natural resources should not be consumed faster than they are produced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as a way to improve people's lives with few natural resources?

    <p>Increasing wealth for the already wealthy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does sustainable development propose we address the demand for material goods in low-income nations?

    <p>By finding new paths to prosperity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What critical aspect does sustainable development highlight about waste production?

    <p>It should not exceed nature's ability to recycle it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is increasing wealth for the already wealthy seen as problematic in the context of sustainable development?

    <p>It leads to a wasteful consumption of resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do fair trade organizations play in sustainable development?

    <p>They assist people in developing countries to produce high-value products for better market prices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following countries is noted for producing over half of its electric power from renewable sources by 2015?

    <p>Kenya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way that sustainable development improves lives without relying on abundant natural resources?

    <p>By providing access to health care, education, and clean drinking water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes what sustainable development often entails regarding investments?

    <p>Distributing investment to small producers to boost local economies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of renewable electricity did Uruguay achieve after a decade of development?

    <p>95 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary aims of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?

    <p>Eradicate extreme poverty everywhere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which goal specifically addresses the need for affordable and sustainable energy?

    <p>Goal 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target completion year set by the United Nations for achieving the SDGs?

    <p>2030</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered essential for ensuring political stability and equity as per the SDGs?

    <p>Fair access to resources and opportunity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common misconception might policymakers have regarding economic growth and poverty reduction?

    <p>Economic growth can benefit everyone if managed well.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which target is specifically mentioned under Goal 12 of the SDGs?

    <p>Cutting per capita food waste in half.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach does the United Nations support for promoting sustainable investment?

    <p>Coordinating data gathering and reporting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the goals set forth by the UN, what is a vital aspect of environmental sustainability?

    <p>Strong governance and open political systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one key success of the Millennium Development Goals regarding education in developing countries?

    <p>Primary school enrollment rates increased from 83 percent to 91 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately reflects the progress made during the Millennium Development Goals period?

    <p>The drop in the proportion of undernourished individuals was nearly 50 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been identified as a critical factor in motivating collaborative action towards the Sustainable Development Goals?

    <p>Clearly stated goals with quantifiable targets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Although progress was made during the Millennium Development Goals, which of the following issues remained largely unaddressed?

    <p>Inadequate access to piped drinking water at home</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does international agreement on goals play in development efforts according to the narrative?

    <p>It helps motivate financial and planning assistance when needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of their national income do richer countries need to donate to potentially end extreme poverty by 2025?

    <p>0.7 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate daily amount set aside by the United States for development aid per citizen?

    <p>18 cents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to advocates, what is a potential benefit of investing in aid for developing countries?

    <p>It will increase global trade by raising living standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What annual financial amount is suggested to abolish extreme poverty and combat infectious diseases over 20 years?

    <p>$135 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant source of funding that could help provide development aid according to the text?

    <p>Military spending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much does the U.S. government provide annually in subsidies and tax breaks to oil companies compared to aid needed for poverty alleviation?

    <p>$120 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Worldwatch Institute, what are considered the true sources of global instability?

    <p>Poverty, disease, and environmental decline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did former Canadian prime minister Jean Chrétien imply about aid to developing countries?

    <p>It is an investment that can enhance global security.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Poverty and Environmental Degradation

    • Poverty and environmental protection are interconnected.
    • Poor people often prioritize short-term survival over long-term sustainability.
    • To feed families and obtain fuel, they clear forests and cultivate unsuitable land, leading to soil erosion.
    • Many migrate to shantytowns around major cities.

    Sustainable Development

    • Sustainable development is a key concept in modern environmental thought.
    • It aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs.
    • This was defined in the 1987 Brundtland Report.

    Brundtland Report and the Earth Summit

    • The Brundtland Report, published in 1987, led to the 1992 Earth Summit.
    • The Earth Summit occurred in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
    • The Rio meeting brought together diverse groups to address environmental concerns.

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