40 Questions
Which of the following is a characteristic of Salmonella pullorum?
Gram Negative
Which of the following hosts is more resistant to Pullorum disease?
Waterfowl
How is Pullorum disease primarily spread?
Through contaminated food and water
What is the most common clinical sign of acute Pullorum disease?
Drop in food consumption and egg production
What is the primary route of infection from the infected bird to the newly hatched chick?
Through the ovary to the newly hatched chick
What is the characteristic lesion seen in Pullorum disease?
Prominent blood vessels and congested skeletal muscle
At which stage of life is Salmonella pullorum most likely to persist in the host?
In the mature bird's spleen
What is the outcome of extreme cases of Pullorum disease?
100% mortality
What is the likely cause of death in chicks that die shortly after hatching?
Peritonitis with an inflamed, unabsorbed yolk sac
What is the primary mode of transmission of Fowl Cholera?
Horizontal transmission
Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign of Fowl Typhoid?
Respiratory distress
What is the causative agent of Infectious Coryza?
Avibacterium paragallinarium
What is the characteristic lesion of Fowl Typhoid?
Pseudomembrane attached to the intestinal mucosa
Which of the following is a host for Fowl Typhoid?
All of the above
What is the primary organ affected in Fowl Cholera?
Respiratory tract
What is the characteristic gross lesion of Fowl Cholera?
Dark and swollen liver
What is the primary route of transmission for Infectious Bronchitis?
Direct airborne transmission and bird to bird contact
Which of the following is a characteristic lesion of Virulent Viscerotropic Viruses in Infectious Bronchitis?
Hemorrhagic lesions of the intestinal tract
What is the primary characteristic of peracute lesions in Newcastle disease?
Hemorrhagic tracheitis
What is the etiologic agent of Infectious Bronchitis?
Coronavirus
Which of the following is a clinical sign of asymptomatic enteric NDVs?
Inapparent enteric infection
Which of the following is a common clinical sign of Infectious Bronchitis?
Watery nasal discharge
What is the primary mode of transmission of Newcastle disease from bird to bird?
Inhalation of droplets and aerosols
What is the host of Fowlpox Virus?
Chick
Which of the following is a characteristic of Moderately Virulent (Mesogenic) Infectious Bronchitis?
Mild respiratory disease
What is the characteristic of mild lesions in Newcastle disease?
Excess mucus with or without small amounts of diphtheric exudate in trachea
What is the primary characteristic of highly virulent Newcastle disease?
Sudden death
What is a characteristic of the lesions of Virulent Viscerotropic Viruses in Infectious Bronchitis?
Necrotic lesions with hemorrhage in multiple organs
Which of the following is not a clinical sign of Infectious Bronchitis?
Anorexia
What is the primary mode of transmission of Newcastle disease to humans?
Direct contact with infected birds
What is the characteristic of acute clinical signs in Newcastle disease?
Dyspnea and nasal exudate
What is the primary characteristic of lentogenic respiratory NDVs?
Mild or inapparent respiratory infection
What is the mechanism of transmission of REOVIRIDAE through insects?
Mechanical transmission of by biting insects
What is the clinical sign of REOVIRIDAE associated with viremia?
Cloacal pasting
What is the primary site of infection of REOVIRIDAE?
Respiratory tract
What is the characteristic lesion of REOVIRIDAE infection?
Crusty scab
What is the common outcome of REOVIRIDAE infection?
Death
What is the mode of transmission of REOVIRIDAE through contaminated feces?
Ingestion of contaminated feces
What is the lesion associated with REOVIRIDAE infection in the joints?
Tenosynovitis
What is the characteristic change seen in the abdomen of birds infected with REOVIRIDAE?
Collection of fluid in the abdomen
Study Notes
Poultry Diseases
Pullorum Disease
- Caused by Salmonella pullorum, a Gram-negative bacterium
- Affects chickens, turkeys, pheasants, guineafowl, peafowl, grouse, and quail
- Seen in growers and adults
- Spread through:
- Infected bird via the ovary to the newly hatched chick
- Persisting in the spleen until mature
- Infection spreads through the reproductive tract
- Droppings
- Ingestion of material in contaminated food
- Clinical signs:
- Acute: drop in food consumption and egg production, ruffled feathers, closed eyes
- Chronic: intense anemia, progressive loss of condition
- Lesions:
- Septicemic, jaundiced appearance
- Prominent blood vessels
- Dark and congested skeletal muscle
- Catarrhal enteritis
Fowl Cholera
- Caused by Pasteurella multicoda
- Affects all types of poultry
- Infects respiratory tract
- Spread through:
- Excretions from the mouth, nose, and conjunctiva of diseased birds
- Clinical signs:
- Unexpected deaths
- Necrotic enteritis
- Increased mortality
- Cholangohepatitis
- Lesions:
- Necrotic enteritis
- Pseudomembrane attached to the intestinal mucosa
Fowl Typhoid
- Caused by Salmonella gallinarium
- Localized infection of joints, abscesses of the head, oviduct, and respiratory tract
- Lesions:
- General septicemic lesions
- Enlargement of liver and spleen
- Congestion of carcass
- Petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages
Infectious Coryza
- Caused by Avibacterium paragallinarium
- Affects conjunctiva, respiratory, and nervous systems
- Clinical signs:
- Acute: dyspnea, moist rales, slight cough and head shaking, nasal exudate, conjunctivitis
- Mild: excess mucus with or without small amounts of diphtheric exudate in trachea
- Lesions:
- Peracute: hemorrhagic tracheitis
- Acute: caseous diphtheric exudate, mucus, and hemorrhage in the trachea
- Mild: excess mucus with or without small amounts of diphtheric exudate in trachea
Infectious Bronchitis
- Caused by Coronavirus
- Affects domestic fowl
- Spread through:
- Bird to bird
- Direct airborne transmission
- Feces
- Clinical signs:
- Tracheal rales
- Gasping
- Sneezing
- Watery nasal discharge
- Lacrimation
- Facial swelling
- Lesions:
- Excess mucus in the trachea, nasal cavity, and sinuses
- Catarrhal exudate
- Mucoid plugs of pus
Fowlpox Virus
- Caused by Fowlpox Virus, Avipoxvirus
- Affects chickens, pigeons, turkeys, and quail
- Spread through:
- Intracellular form
- Extracellular form released into blood to spread to secondary sites
- Mechanical transmission by biting insects
- Clinical signs:
- Disease of mature birds
- Cutaneous Form: mild
- Diphtheritic Form: higher mortality
- Lesions:
- Crusty scab
- Thickening of eyelids
Reovirus
- Affects domestic fowl
- Spread through:
- Ingestion of contaminated feces
- Infection via respiratory tract
- Infection through embryonated eggs
- Clinical signs:
- Viremia
- Cloacal pasting
- Ulcerative enteritis
- Acute and Chronic Respiratory Disease
- Pericarditis
- Anemia
Ascites
- Characterized by:
- Collection of fluid in the abdomen
- Hydropericardium and liver changes
- Fibrin clots in the ascitic fluid
This quiz covers the etiology, spread, and characteristics of Pullorum disease in poultry, including chickens, turkeys, and other fowl. Learn about the symptoms and causes of this disease.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
