Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which risk factor is NOT associated with complications during pregnancy such as DVT or PE?
Which risk factor is NOT associated with complications during pregnancy such as DVT or PE?
What is a common sign of postpartum depression?
What is a common sign of postpartum depression?
What is the primary medical management for a woman with a wound infection?
What is the primary medical management for a woman with a wound infection?
Which of the following is a critical nursing intervention in the management of a patient at high risk for DVT?
Which of the following is a critical nursing intervention in the management of a patient at high risk for DVT?
Signup and view all the answers
Which sign is NOT commonly associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI) following childbirth?
Which sign is NOT commonly associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI) following childbirth?
Signup and view all the answers
Which medical management option is primarily used for acute DVT treatment?
Which medical management option is primarily used for acute DVT treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What symptom is NOT typically associated with postpartum depression?
What symptom is NOT typically associated with postpartum depression?
Signup and view all the answers
In the care of a woman with mastitis, what nursing intervention is crucial to manage the condition?
In the care of a woman with mastitis, what nursing intervention is crucial to manage the condition?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a recommended nursing care practice for a patient showing signs of postpartum depression?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended nursing care practice for a patient showing signs of postpartum depression?
Signup and view all the answers
Which risk factor substantially increases the likelihood of a woman developing postpartum thromboembolic disease?
Which risk factor substantially increases the likelihood of a woman developing postpartum thromboembolic disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an essential component in the collaborative healthcare approach during the postpartum period?
What is an essential component in the collaborative healthcare approach during the postpartum period?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage?
What is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an important component of nursing care for a woman with a wound infection?
What is an important component of nursing care for a woman with a wound infection?
Signup and view all the answers
Which diagnostic tool is crucial for assessing issues such as DVT?
Which diagnostic tool is crucial for assessing issues such as DVT?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the expected treatment response for a patient diagnosed with a uterine infection?
What is the expected treatment response for a patient diagnosed with a uterine infection?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a sign of secondary postpartum hemorrhage?
Which of the following is a sign of secondary postpartum hemorrhage?
Signup and view all the answers
How can a nurse effectively teach hand hygiene to prevent infections in postpartum women?
How can a nurse effectively teach hand hygiene to prevent infections in postpartum women?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient experiencing postpartum hemorrhage?
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient experiencing postpartum hemorrhage?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common organism that can cause a urinary tract infection in postpartum women?
What is a common organism that can cause a urinary tract infection in postpartum women?
Signup and view all the answers
In managing a patient with suspected retained placenta, which of the following is an appropriate action?
In managing a patient with suspected retained placenta, which of the following is an appropriate action?
Signup and view all the answers
What risk factor is associated with increased likelihood of having a postpartum hemorrhage?
What risk factor is associated with increased likelihood of having a postpartum hemorrhage?
Signup and view all the answers
What finding would indicate effective management of postpartum hemorrhage?
What finding would indicate effective management of postpartum hemorrhage?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a goal of the collaborative healthcare team in managing postpartum complications?
Which of the following is a goal of the collaborative healthcare team in managing postpartum complications?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following symptoms suggests uterine infection in a postpartum patient?
Which of the following symptoms suggests uterine infection in a postpartum patient?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Postpartum Complications
- Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality.
- Blood loss varies between vaginal and Cesarean births.
- Normal vaginal blood loss is 500mL.
- Normal Cesarean blood loss is 1000mL.
- Primary hemorrhage: Occurs within the first 24 hours.
- Secondary hemorrhage: Occurs after 24 hours and up to 6 weeks postpartum.
-
Risk factors for PPH:
- Subinvolution (failure of the uterus to return to its normal size and shape).
- Retained placenta
- Problems during the second stage of labor (e.g., failure to progress).
- Placenta accreta (placenta attaches too deeply to the uterine wall).
- Lacerations (tears in the cervix, vagina, or perineum).
- Large for gestational age (LGA) newborns.
- Instrumental delivery (e.g., forceps).
- Hypertension.
- Induced labor.
- Oxytocin augmentation.
- Uterine overdistention/overstretching.
- BMI over 40.
-
Mnemonic for the 4 T's of hemorrhage:
- Tone (uterine atony): Most common cause; uterine muscles fail to contract after delivery of the placenta; hypovolemic shock.
- Tissue (retained placenta/products of conception): Common cause of late PPH (postpartum hemorrhage).
- Trauma (lacerations): Forceps delivery or other trauma can cause tears and bleeding.
- Thrombosis (coagulation disorders/platelet disorders): Fibrin not creating clots properly can lead to excessive bleeding.
Signs and Symptoms of PPH
- Heavy vaginal bleeding (including trickling or oozing).
- Passing clots larger than a quarter.
- Return of lochia rubra (dark red vaginal discharge).
- Cool, clammy, pale skin.
- Tachycardia (rapid heart rate) and decreased blood pressure (late sign due to substantial loss of blood).
Nursing Care for PPH
- Collaborative care from the healthcare team.
- Identify excessive bleeding.
- Notify rapid response team.
Uterine Infection (Endometritis)
-
Risk Factors:
- Prolonged labor.
- Rupture of membranes.
- Cesarean delivery.
- Frequent vaginal infections.
- Organisms: E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter.
-
Signs and symptoms:
- Temperature at or above 100.4F for 2+ days.
- Foul-smelling lochia.
- Lower abdominal tenderness.
Care of Women With a Hematoma
- Hematoma is a collection of blood outside a blood vessel.
- Common locations: vaginal wall, vulvar area.
- Risk factors: episiotomy, lacerations, instrumental delivery, nulliparity, prolonged/difficult second stage of labor.
- Symptoms: Constant pain, pressure, discoloration, bulging tissue, tenderness, feeling of needing to defecate, urinary incontinence.
- Medical Management: Observation, ice packs (for hematomas less than 3-5cm), Sitz baths, pain management.
- Nursing Care: Monitor for signs of infection and pain.
Management of Postpartum Complications
- Fundal massage: Supporting the lower uterine segment to contract.
- Vital signs assessment: Continuously assessing maternal status.
- IV fluids and blood products: To address blood loss.
- Oxygen monitoring.
- Elevated legs: Promoting blood return to the heart.
- Assess the bladder and ensure adequate output.
Postpartum Thromboembolic Disease
- Thromboembolism: Inflammation and clotting of blood vessels.
- Risk factors: Obesity, venous stasis, hypercoagulable blood, injury to the endothelial surface of blood vessels.
- Signs and Symptoms: Swelling, pain, tenderness, erythema, stiffness, or pain on ambulation, large cordlike vein.
- Diagnosis: Doppler ultrasound, MRI.
- Medical Management: IV heparin therapy or low-molecular weight heparin (lovenox), TED hose, bed rest, and analgesics.
Postpartum Depression
- Signs and Symptoms: Intense sadness with crying, feeling overwhelmed, feelings of guilt/inadequacy, ambivalence, lack of motivation for self-care or infant care, anhedonia (lack of pleasure), appetite disturbances, insomnia, fatigue, thoughts of hurting self or baby.
- High-risk factors: History of depression, lack of social support, stressful life events, unintended pregnancy, financial factors.
- Medical Management: Counseling, antidepressant medications.
- Nursing Care: Monitor for symptoms of suicidal thoughts or harming a baby, encourage antidepressant compliance, encourage follow-up appointments, provide encouragement and support to mother.
Postpartum Psychiatric Disorder/ Postpartum Psychosis
- Signs and symptoms: Rapidly shifting moods, delusions, hallucinations, incoherent speech, rapid/unstable mood changes.
- Risk factors: History of bipolar disorder, previous postpartum psychosis episode.
- Medical Management: Arrange admission to Psychiatric Facility
- Nursing Care: Immediate reporting, reorienting the patient. Provide safety. Organize for admission to psychiatric facility. Provide emotional support.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on postpartum complications including postpartum hemorrhage and its causes. This quiz covers risk factors, blood loss norms, and the timing of hemorrhage. Perfect for students and professionals in maternal health!
