Health and Healing Mat/ Child Mid Term

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which statements are accurate about what the nurse should tell the mother to expect in the postpartum period? (Select all that apply.)

“You should call your healthcare provider if your discharge returns to bright red rubra after progressing to the clear discharge of alba.” (correct)

“Afterpains should decrease rapidly within 48 hours postpartum.” (correct)

“You might see a temporary increase of blood flow during ambulation.” (correct)

“You may need to use a water-soluble lubricant for intercourse.” (correct)

The Rh-negative mother should receive a dose of Rho(D) immune globulin within __ hours after giving birth to an Rh-positive infant.

What is the nurse’s best action when a patient who does not speak any English requires postpartum discharge teaching, and no one on the hospital staff speaks this person’s language fluently?

Try to relay the information using a translation dictionary.

Have a family member help interpret discharge instructions.

Use an impartial interpreter to assist with discharge instructions. (correct)

Provide instructions in writing with illustrations.

A breastfeeding mother reports that she has cramping after every time she feeds her baby. The nurse informs her that these are afterpains, intermittent uterine contractions similar to menstrual cramps. What is the best healthcare provider-ordered pharmacological nursing intervention?

Mild analgesic Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone responsible for the production of breastmilk?

Prolactin Signup and view all the answers

What postpartum assessment does the acronym REEDA help a nurse remember how to complete thoroughly?

A perineum or a Caesarean incision Signup and view all the answers

Put the following types of lochia in the order in which they occur during the postpartum period.

Lochia serosa

Lochia alba

Lochia rubra

3, 1, 2 Signup and view all the answers

Fluctuating crying and anxiety at 3 weeks postpartum are normal.

False Signup and view all the answers

What would be considered risk factor(s) for low blood glucose after birth? (Select all that apply.)

Preterm Signup and view all the answers

The ratio of deaths of infants younger than __ year (s) during any given year to the number of live births occurring in the same year is known as the infant mortality rate.

1 Signup and view all the answers

Which patient/family problem would be the priority for the newborn?

Thermoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What newborn assessments should be included as part of the NIPS scale? (Select all that apply.)

Facial expression, Cry, Arm movement, Leg movement Signup and view all the answers

Parents of a newborn express concern over the swelling of their newborn’s scalp that crosses the suture lines. What is a nurse’s best response?

“This will gradually subside without treatment.” Signup and view all the answers

A nurse assesses blood-tinged mucus discharge in a newborn baby girl’s diaper. What education can the nurse provide to the mother about why this is occurring in her newborn?

Hormonal withdrawal from mother at birth Signup and view all the answers

A nurse assesses a newborn’s temperature to be 36.3° C. What action should the nurse do first?

Place newborn skin to skin with a caregiver Signup and view all the answers

What is usually included in parent teaching for newborn care prior to discharge? (Select all that apply.)

Basic infant care Signup and view all the answers

What age range is considered infancy?

4 weeks to 1 year of age Signup and view all the answers

Protective arm extension that occurs when an infant is suddenly thrust downward when prone is known as the parachute reflex and usually appears by age __ months.

8 Signup and view all the answers

A mother verbalizes concern that her second-born son is reaching milestones but not as quickly as her first-born child. What would a nurse’s best response be?

“Norms can vary greatly for the individual child.” Signup and view all the answers

What food might cause botulism if given to an infant?

Honey Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of physical development best describes the development of an 8-month-old infant? ( select all that apply)

Sits steadily alone Signup and view all the answers

A 9-month-old infant starts crying when a nurse takes him to sit on the examination table. The mother seems upset and states, “My baby knows that you will be doing something that hurts.” What is the best response by the nurse?

“Your baby is scared to be away from you. I will let you provide further comfort when I am done.” Signup and view all the answers

Which milestone would a nurse be most concerned with for a 12-month-old infant during a well-child checkup?

Unable to pull up to a sitting position Signup and view all the answers

What techniques should be used to soothe the irritable infant? (Select all that apply.)

Swaddling snugly with the hands near the face Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual site of implantation in the female reproductive system?

Upper section of the posterior uterine wall Signup and view all the answers

An expectant mother is at her first prenatal visit. She informs the nurse that she smokes cigarettes but has cut back to approximately 10 cigarettes per week and asks if she may continue to smoke this many per week. What would be the best response?

Smoking and alcohol use may adversely affect your baby’s development. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate response from a nurse when a pregnant woman having an ultrasound at 8 weeks of gestation asks if she may learn her expectant child's sex?

The external genitalia will not be visible on ultrasound until 10 weeks at the earliest. Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by the placenta?

Estrogen Signup and view all the answers

Which maternal hormone reduces uterine contractions to prevent spontaneous abortions?

Progesterone Signup and view all the answers

Which statements are true about the placenta? (Select all that apply.)

It functions as an endocrine gland during the pregnancy. Signup and view all the answers

What functions does the amniotic fluid have? (Select all that apply.)

Allows buoyancy and fetal movement Signup and view all the answers

At what time during pregnancy would patient education focus mainly on physiological changes, fetal development, and nutrition?

First trimester Signup and view all the answers

When an expectant mother asks why she needs to see a health care provider (HCP) so often during her pregnancy, what is a nurse’s best response?

“It helps the mother to maintain good health and promotes a good outcome for the fetus.” Signup and view all the answers

Where is the irregular hyperpigmentation of chloasma found?

Cheeks, forehead, and nose Signup and view all the answers

Varicosities of the rectum and anus that become more severe with constipation, and with descent of the infant’s head into the pelvis, are called which of the following?

Hemorrhoids Signup and view all the answers

Which symptoms are expected changes during pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)

Nasal stuffiness Signup and view all the answers

What are the positive signs of pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)

Fetal heart rate Signup and view all the answers

Which routine assessments are made at each prenatal visit? (Select all that apply.)

Fundal height Signup and view all the answers

At what point does pre-eclampsia become eclampsia?

Presence of seizures Signup and view all the answers

A patient is 28 weeks pregnant and has gestational hypertension. Which symptom would indicate that her condition is becoming more severe?

Blurred vision Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis)?

An immune reaction by the mother’s blood against the Rh factor on the fetus’ red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is aware that which of the following would be least likely used to decrease the symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum?

Eating only three meals per day Signup and view all the answers

When a pregnancy occurs outside the uterine cavity, it is referred to as which of the following?

Ectopic pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What are the predisposing factors for placental abruption? (Select all that apply.)

Folate deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which symptoms should be reported to the health care provider during the pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)

Vaginal bleeding Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be considered teratogens?

Nicotine Signup and view all the answers

Which maternal assessment is expected to be seen at 24 hours after birth?

Fundus firm and in the midline of the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

Breastfeeding the newborn promotes uterine involution because it does which of the following?

It causes the pituitary to secrete oxytocin to contract the uterus. Signup and view all the answers

Eight hours postpartum a woman states she prefers that the nurse takes care of her newborn. The woman talks in detail about her birthing experience on the phone and to anyone who enters her room. She states she is hungry, thirsty, and sleepy and is unable to focus on the newborn care teaching offered to her. The nurse would interpret this behaviour as which of the following?

The normal taking-in phase of the postpartum period. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a nursing intervention that does not require the written order of the primary health care provider? (Select all that apply.)

Teach the patient how to perform perineal care. Signup and view all the answers

Which would be the best way for a nurse to maintain a newborn’s temperature immediately after birth?

Dry the newborn thoroughly, including the head. Signup and view all the answers

A mother of a newly born infant reports to a nurse that her infant has had a black tarry stool. The nurse would tell the mother which of the following?

This is a normal stool in newborn infants. Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment finding of a newborn infant should be promptly reported to the health care provider? (Select all that apply.)

Grunting respirations Signup and view all the answers

Infections in the newborn require prompt intervention because of which of the following?

The newborn has few defenses against infection. Signup and view all the answers

The mother states that her newborn has white pinpoint “pimples” on his nose and chin and she plans to squeeze them to make them disappear. What would be the best response by a nurse?

“These pimples are called milia and will disappear on their own in a week or two.” Signup and view all the answers

Which observation of the newborn should be reported to the health care provider?

Flaccid muscle tone Signup and view all the answers

A nurse documents the following observations on a newly born infant. Which of the following should be immediately reported to the health care provider? (Select all that apply).

Unilateral Moro reflex Signup and view all the answers

A nurse teaching parents about car seat safety for an infant less than 10 kg should include which information?

The car seat should face the rear and be placed in the centre of the back seat. Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is discussing home safety with the mother of a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following is a priority topic?

Putting the baby to sleep on back Signup and view all the answers

A mother expresses concern that her 1-year-old infant is overweight. She states that her family has a tendency to be overweight and wishes to discontinue formula feedings and start the infant on low-fat milk. The nurse assesses that the present weight of the infant is 11 kg. The infant’s birth weight was 3.7 kg. The best response of the nurse would be which of the following?

Give the infant regular whole milk because the infant’s weight is appropriate for his age. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a developmental red flag for a 3-month-old infant that the nurse should record and report? (Select all that apply.)

The infant does not attempt to raise their head when placed on the abdomen. Signup and view all the answers

What determines a child’s sex?

The sperm, which contains either an X or a Y chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

A woman who wants to become pregnant should avoid all medications unless they are prescribed by a health care provider who knows she is pregnant, due to which reason?

The placenta allows many medications to cross into the fetus. Signup and view all the answers

When a couple has unprotected sexual intercourse 3 days before the woman ovulates, the risk of the woman becoming pregnant is:

possible, because the sperm survive for up to 7 days. Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of the foramen ovale is to:

reduce blood flow to the lungs. Signup and view all the answers

Why are twins often born early?

The uterus becomes overdistended. Signup and view all the answers

A woman arrives in the clinic for her prenatal visit. She states that she is currently 28 weeks pregnant with twins; has a 5-year-old son who was born at 39 weeks’ gestation; and a 3-year-old daughter born at 34 weeks’ gestation; and her last pregnancy terminated at 16 weeks’ gestation. The nurse will interpret her obstetrical history as:

.G4 T1 P1 A1 L2. Signup and view all the answers

Exercise during pregnancy should be practiced to achieve which of the following goals?

Improving obstetrical outcomes Signup and view all the answers

During a prenatal examination at 30 weeks of gestation, a woman is lying on her back on the examining table. She suddenly states she feels dizzy and feels faint. The most appropriate response of the nurse would be to:

turn the woman onto her side. Signup and view all the answers

A woman being seen for her first prenatal care appointment has a positive home pregnancy test, and her chart shows her obstetrical history to be G4T3P0A1L2. The nurse would anticipate that:

the woman should experience minimal anxiety because she is familiar with the progress of pregnancy. Signup and view all the answers

A woman’s LMP was on April 1, 2019. She has been keeping her prenatal clinic appointments regularly but states she needs to alter the dates of a future appointment because she and her partner are going on an ocean cruise vacation for the New Year’s celebration from December 30 through January 7, 2020. The best response of the nurse would be:

Perhaps you might consider rescheduling your vacation earlier rather than the New Year’s dates.” Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is explaining probable signs of pregnancy with a group of women. Probable signs of pregnancy include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Hegar sign Signup and view all the answers

A woman has an incomplete abortion followed by vacuum aspiration. She is now in the recovery room with her partner and is crying softly. Select the most appropriate nursing action.

Express your regret at their loss and remain nearby if they want to talk about it. Signup and view all the answers

A woman with a diagnosis of pre-eclampsia receives magnesium sulphate intravenously. Which of the following nursing interventions are priorities when caring for a patient who has received magnesium sulphate? (Select all that apply.)

Monitor uterine tone. Signup and view all the answers

It is important to emphasize to a woman who has gestational trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole) that she should continue to receive follow-up medical care after initial treatment, because of which of the following?

Choriocarcinoma sometimes occurs after the initial treatment. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the symptoms of placenta previa and placental abruption?

Presence of pain Signup and view all the answers

.During a prenatal clinic visit, a nurse provides interventions to a woman who is a victim of intimate partner violence. The nurse’s interventions should focus on which of the following?

Informing her of her safety options Signup and view all the answers

If a pregnant woman is admitted to the emergency room in shock after an accident, the nurse would help relieve the effect of shock by doing which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Placing a small pillow under the right hip of the woman Signup and view all the answers

Apgar scores measure the infant's

Response to extrauterine life Signup and view all the answers

In response to eliciting the Moro reflex, the infant should

Extend then abduct the extremities Signup and view all the answers

Transitional stool begins on the second or third day of life and is a

Green or yellowish stool with a sometimes seedy appearance Signup and view all the answers

Hydrocele is

the collection of fluid around the testes in the scrotum Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assessing a newborn at 1 minute after birth. The newborn has a heart rate of 150 bpm, a strong cry, well-flexed muscle tone, pink body with blue hands and feet, and grimaces when suctioned. What is the newborn’s APGAR score?

8 Signup and view all the answers

.A nurse is assessing a newborn’s head and notices a swelling on the right parietal area.The nurse suspects that this is a cephalohematoma. What is the most likely cause of this condition

Birth trauma Signup and view all the answers

.A nurse is examining a newborn’s head and observes a diffuse edema over the scalp that crosses the suture lines.The nurse recognizes this as a caput succedaneum.What should the nurse do next?

Document the finding and monitor for resolution Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is inspecting a newborn’s oral cavity. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a normal variation?

Epstein’s pearls on the gums or palate Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assessing a newborn’s vital signs. What is the normal range for a newborn’s heart rate?

120 to 160 bpm Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is caring for an infant who has a cephalohematoma on the left side of his skull. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

Monitor for signs of jaundice Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is to begin the postpartum teaching of a mother who has given birth to her first child. What aspect of teaching is most important?

Assist the mother in identifying behaviour cues of the baby Signup and view all the answers

What reflex elicits the following response: movement or the tongue, mouth, and/or head towards the stimulus?

Rooting Reflex Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse encourage in the first period of reactivity ?

Put baby to breast Signup and view all the answers

What skill is an advanced practice skill ?

Massaging the fundus Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse tell a mother to do if the fundus is deviated to the right?

Void Signup and view all the answers

Mrs. Happy is 4 hours post-birth and is concerned about her own care. You would say she is in which stage?

Taking in Signup and view all the answers

Attachment to a newborn is frequently termed

Bonding Signup and view all the answers

The process of the uterus returning to its pre-pregnant size is termed what?

Involution Signup and view all the answers

What effect does breastfeeding have on uterine size?

Breastfeeding helps to reduce uterine size. Signup and view all the answers

On postpartum day 1, uterine discharge should be characterized by which of the following?

Red with occasional small clots Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is assessing the lochia on a 1-day postpartum patient. The nurse notes that the lochia is red and has a foul-smelling odor. The nurse determines that this assessment finding is:

A sign of infection Signup and view all the answers

How long does gestational diabetes typically last after pregnancy?

6 weeks Signup and view all the answers

When the placenta is over the entire cervical os, it is referred to as what?

Placenta previa Signup and view all the answers

What are the risks of Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

When is a woman considered high risk to have a baby

35 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is the Goodell's sign?

The softening of the cervix during early pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What does folic acid help to prevent?

Neural tube defects in developing fetuses Signup and view all the answers

At what week of gestation is an embryo termed a fetus?

9 weeks Signup and view all the answers

Assessing the uterus size on day 1 postpartum should indicate which of the following?

1 cm below her umbilicus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Postpartum Period

The Rh-negative mother should receive a dose of Rho(D) immune globulin within 72 hours after giving birth to an Rh-positive infant.
Afterpains are intermittent uterine contractions similar to menstrual cramps and are a normal occurrence after childbirth.
Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for the production of breastmilk.
REEDA is an acronym used to assess the postpartum period and stands for: Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation.
The order of lochia types during the postpartum period is as follows:
- Lochia rubra is the initial discharge, which is bright red and contains blood and tissue debris.
- Lochia serosa is a pink or brownish discharge that occurs a few days after childbirth and consists of blood, serum, and white blood cells
- Lochia alba is the final stage, which is a yellowish-white discharge and is made up primarily of white blood cells and mucus.
Fluctuating crying and anxiety at 3 weeks postpartum are normal.
Risk factors for low blood glucose after birth:
- Premature birth
- Large for gestational age
- Maternal diabetes
- Hypoglycemia
The infant mortality rate is the ratio of deaths of infants younger than 1 year during any given year to the number of live births occurring in the same year.

Newborn

Priority patient/family problem for a newborn: Maintaining a stable temperature
Newborn Individualized Neurological Assessment (NIPS) scale assessments should include:
- Habituation
- Irritability
- Consolability
- Awake
- Sleep
Caput succedaneum is a swelling of the scalp that crosses the suture lines and is caused by pressure from the baby’s head against the mother’s cervix during labor.
Blood-tinged mucus discharge in a newborn baby girl’s diaper is normal and caused by the expulsion of hormones released during pregnancy.
Normal newborn temperature: 36.3° C
Postpartum parent teaching for newborn care should include:
- Nutrition
- Diapering
- Bathing
- Cord care
- Soothing techniques

Infancy

Infancy is typically considered between birth and 1 year of age.
Parachute reflex : Protective arm reflex that occurs when an infant is suddenly thrust downward when prone and appears by age 4 months.
Botulism can be caused in an infant by honey.
Characteristics of an 8-month-old infant's physical development:
- Sitting independently
- Crawling
- Pincer grasp, using the thumb and one finger to pick up small objects
A 9-month-old infant starting to cry when a nurse takes him to sit on the examination table: The nurse should reassure the mother that it's common for infants to associate medical settings with discomfort and that there's nothing wrong with their baby.
A 12-month-old infant should be able to: Walk independently
Techniques to soothe an irritable infant:
- Swaddling
- Shushing
- Sucking
- Swinging

Pregnancy

Usual site of implantation in the female reproductive system: Uterus
A nurse's response to a pregnant woman smoking 10 cigarettes per week: It is crucial to emphasize that even a small amount of smoking during pregnancy can have significant negative effects on the fetus.
At 8 weeks of gestation, it is too early to determine the sex of the baby.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the placenta.
Progesterone is the maternal hormone that reduces uterine contractions to prevent spontaneous abortions.
Functions of the amniotic fluid:
- Protection for the fetus
- Temperature regulation
- Allows fetal movement
- Prevents adherence to the amniotic sac
First trimester prenatal education focuses on physiological changes, fetal development, and nutrition.
Prenatal care during pregnancy is important because it allows for early detection of complications and promotes good health.
Chloasma is an irregular hyperpigmentation of the skin that is typically found on the face.
Hemorrhoids are varicosities of the rectum and anus that become more severe with constipation.
Expected changes during pregnancy:
- Urinary frequency
- Breast tenderness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Increased vaginal discharge
Positive signs of pregnancy:
- Fetal heartbeat
- Fetal movement
- Visualization of the fetus by ultrasound
Routine prenatal assessments:
- Blood pressure
- **Weight **
- Urine analysis
- Fetal heart rate
- Fundal height measurement
Pre-eclampsia becomes eclampsia when the mother has a seizure.
Symptoms that indicate a worsening of gestational hypertension:
- Proteinuria
- Elevated blood pressure
- Visual disturbances
- Headache
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis) occurs when the mother’s antibodies attack the fetus’s red blood cells.
Hyperemesis gravidarum may include oral hydration, antihistamines, vitamin B6, and promethazine.
Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterine cavity.
Predisposing factors for placental abruption:
- Maternal hypertension
- Previous placental abruption
- Cocaine use
- Trauma
- Premature rupture of membranes
- Multiple gestation
Symptoms that should be reported to the health care provider during pregnancy:
- Vaginal bleeding
- Sudden weight gain
- Premature rupture of membranes
- Decreased fetal movement
- Headache
- Visual disturbances
Teratogens are substances that can cause birth defects.
Maternal assessment:
- Involution, the process of the uterus returning to its pre-pregnancy size, should be assessed 24 hours after birth.
Breastfeeding promotes uterine involution by stimulating the release of oxytocin, a hormone that helps the uterus contract and return to its normal size.
Postpartum behaviors:
- A mother who is focused on her own needs and experiences, unable to focus on newborn care teaching, and appears distant from her newborn may be experiencing "taking-in" phase" of postpartum.
Nursing interventions that don't require a written order: - Providing emotional support and encouragement - Teaching the new mother about her baby's needs - Assisting with breastfeeding - Monitoring for potential complications
Maintaining a newborn’s temperature immediately after birth:
- Dry the newborn thoroughly
- Wrap the newborn in a warm blanket
- Place the newborn skin-to-skin with the mother
Black tarry stool in a newborn: It is normal, known as meconium, and usually passes within the first few days after birth.
Assessment findings of a newborn that should be promptly reported to the health care provider:
- Temperature instability
- Respiratory distress
- Poor feeding
- Jaundice
- Abnormal stooling
- Umbilical cord abnormalities
- Any signs of infection
Newborn infections require prompt intervention because:
- Their immune system is still developing
- They can quickly become dehydrated
- Complications can be serious
White pinpoint “pimples” on a newborn’s nose and chin: This is normal and known as milia. The nurse should advise the mother against squeezing them, as it can cause infection.
Observations of a newborn that should be reported to the health care provider:
- Cyanosis
- Poor feeding
- Abnormal respirations
- Increased heart rate
- Abnormal stooling
Observations that should be reported to the health care provider
- Swelling of the newborn's head that crosses the suture lines. (Could be a sign of cephalhematoma)
- Swelling of the newborn's head that doesn't cross the suture lines. (Could be a sign of caput succedaneum)
- Yellowing of the newborn's skin. (Could be a sign of jaundice)
- Bulging fontanelles. (Could be a sign of increased intracranial pressure)
- Sunken fontanelles. (Could be a sign of dehydration)
Car seat safety for an infant less than 10 kg:
- Rear-facing
- Securely fastened in the base of the car seat
- Always in the back seat
Priority topic for home safety with the mother of a 3-month-old infant: Preventing falls
Overweight 1-year-old infant:
- Low-fat milk should not be introduced before age 2.
- Continue with formula or whole milk until age 2.
- Encourage healthy eating habits.
Developmental red flags for a 3-month-old infant:
- Inability to lift head when prone
- No smiling or social interaction
- Poor eye contact
- No babbling or cooing
- No attempts to reach for objects

Genetics and Reproduction

Chromosomes determine sex.
A woman should avoid all medications during pregnancy, unless prescribed by a health care provider who knows she is pregnant.
A woman has the highest risk of becoming pregnant when intercourse occurs 3 days before ovulation.
Foramen ovale bypasses the lungs in a fetus allowing blood to flow directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.
Twins are often born early because:
- Limited space in the uterus
- Increased risk of premature labor
Obstetrical history:
- G4T3P0A1L2: 4 pregnancies, 3 term births, 0 preterm births, 1 abortion, 2 living children
Exercise during pregnancy:
- Reduces the risk of gestational diabetes
- Improves mood
- Prevents excess weight gain
- Reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia
A pregnant woman lying on her back may feel dizzy and faint because:
- The weight of the uterus presses on the vena cava.
- Reduces blood flow back to the heart.
A patient’s LMP was on April 1, 2019: Based on a normal gestation period, the patient would be due around January 8, 2020.
Probable signs of pregnancy:
- Hegar’s sign
- Chadwick’s sign
- Goodell’s sign
- Braxton Hicks contractions
- Positive pregnancy test
Incomplete abortion followed by vacuum aspiration: The nurse should provide emotional support and ensure the woman has someone with her.
Magnesium sulphate intravenously:
- Monitor vital signs
- Urine output
- Deep tendon reflexes
- Level of consciousness
Gestational trophoblastic disease: Continue following up with health care provider to closely monitor for potential complications.
Primary difference between placenta previa and placental abruption: Placenta previa occurs when the placenta attaches low in the uterus and covers the cervix. Placental abruption occurs when the placenta detaches from the uterine wall before delivery.
Interventions for a woman who is a victim of intimate partner violence:
- Provide a safe and confidential environment
- Assess the severity of the abuse
- Develop a safety plan
- Refer to appropriate resources
Relieving the effect of shock in a pregnant woman:
- Position the woman on her left side
- Administer oxygen
- Start IV fluids
- Monitor vital signs

Newborn Assessment

Apgar scores measure the infant's heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color.
Moro reflex: In response to eliciting the Moro reflex, the infant should abduct and extend arms and legs, then bring the arms together in an embrace.
Transitional stool begins on the second or third day of life and is a mixture of meconium and milk.
Hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum and is a common condition.
A newborn's APGAR score:
- Heart rate: 150 bpm - 2 points
- Respiratory effort: Strong cry - 2 points
- Muscle tone: Well-flexed - 2 points
- Reflex irritability: Grimaces - 1 point
- Color: Pink body, blue hands/feet - 1 point
- Apgar score: 8
Cephalohematoma:
- Bleeding beneath the periosteum of the skull.
- Does not cross suture lines.
- Caused by trauma during delivery.
Caput succedaneum:
- Edema of the scalp
- Crosses suture lines.
- Caused by pressure from the head against the cervix during labor.
Epstein pearls are small white cysts on the gums and palate that will disappear on their own.
Newborn heart rate: 120-160 bpm
Interventions for a newborn with a cephalohematoma:
- Monitor for jaundice
- Ensure adequate nutrition
- Reassure parents

Postpartum

Postpartum teaching is most important to help the parents understand their baby's needs and care.
Rooting reflex: Movement or the tongue, mouth, and/or head towards the stimulus
Encourage skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding in the first period of reactivity
Assessing a newborn's gestational age is an advanced practice skill
If a postpartum fundus is deviated to the right have the new mother empty her bladder.
Stage one of postpartum includes the "taking-in phase" (focused on self)
Attachment to a newborn is frequently termed bonding.
The process of the uterus returning to its pre-pregnant size is termed involution.
Breastfeeding can stimulate uterine involution.
Postpartum day 1 uterine discharge should be red.
Foul-smelling, red lochia on postpartum day 1 is an abnormal finding that indicates a potential infection.
Gestational diabetes typically lasts until 6 weeks postpartum.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz focuses on accurate statements that nurses should convey to new mothers during the postpartum period. Test your understanding of postpartum care and what new mothers can expect following childbirth.