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What is the main modality transmitted by the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway?
What is the main modality transmitted by the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway?
Which of the following receptors does the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway NOT transmit information from?
Which of the following receptors does the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway NOT transmit information from?
Which of the following Brodmann areas in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from muscle spindle afferents?
Which of the following Brodmann areas in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from muscle spindle afferents?
Which of the following tracts within the posterior columns transmits information from areas inferior to T6?
Which of the following tracts within the posterior columns transmits information from areas inferior to T6?
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Where do the third-order neurons of the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway terminate?
Where do the third-order neurons of the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway terminate?
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Which Brodmann area in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from Golgi tendon organs and joint afferents?
Which Brodmann area in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from Golgi tendon organs and joint afferents?
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Where do the axons of 2nd order neurons cross to the opposite side?
Where do the axons of 2nd order neurons cross to the opposite side?
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Which laminae relay information related to pain, temperature, and touch in the spinal cord?
Which laminae relay information related to pain, temperature, and touch in the spinal cord?
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Where does the lateral spinothalamic tract terminate in the brain?
Where does the lateral spinothalamic tract terminate in the brain?
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Which nucleus in the spinal cord contains preganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerves?
Which nucleus in the spinal cord contains preganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerves?
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Which nucleus serves as a relay center for unconscious proprioception?
Which nucleus serves as a relay center for unconscious proprioception?
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Which part of the spinal cord transmits pain, temperature, and touch to the brain?
Which part of the spinal cord transmits pain, temperature, and touch to the brain?
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Which tract is responsible for transmitting crude touch and pressure sensations?
Which tract is responsible for transmitting crude touch and pressure sensations?
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Which region of the brain is involved in interpreting the emotional aspect of pain?
Which region of the brain is involved in interpreting the emotional aspect of pain?
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Which tract carries proprioceptive input from muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint capsules?
Which tract carries proprioceptive input from muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint capsules?
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Which tract is involved in providing afferent information for spinovisual reflexes?
Which tract is involved in providing afferent information for spinovisual reflexes?
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Which region of the brain is concerned with interpreting pain stimuli from internal organs and bringing about an autonomic response?
Which region of the brain is concerned with interpreting pain stimuli from internal organs and bringing about an autonomic response?
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Which of the following tracts ascends in the posterior white column before synapsing with the nucleus dorsalis at around the L3 or L4 spinal segment?
Which of the following tracts ascends in the posterior white column before synapsing with the nucleus dorsalis at around the L3 or L4 spinal segment?
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Which of the following is the primary modality transmitted by the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway?
Which of the following is the primary modality transmitted by the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway?
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Which tract within the posterior columns transmits information from areas inferior to T6?
Which tract within the posterior columns transmits information from areas inferior to T6?
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Which Brodmann area in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from muscle spindle afferents?
Which Brodmann area in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from muscle spindle afferents?
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Where do the axons of the second-order neurons in the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway cross to the opposite side?
Where do the axons of the second-order neurons in the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway cross to the opposite side?
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Which nucleus in the spinal cord serves as a relay center for unconscious proprioception?
Which nucleus in the spinal cord serves as a relay center for unconscious proprioception?
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Which Brodmann area in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from Golgi tendon organs and joint afferents?
Which Brodmann area in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives input mainly from Golgi tendon organs and joint afferents?
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Which tract is responsible for transmitting fine-touch, vibration, pressure, and proprioception sensations from the right side of the body?
Which tract is responsible for transmitting fine-touch, vibration, pressure, and proprioception sensations from the right side of the body?
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Which region of the brain is involved in interpreting the emotional aspect of pain?
Which region of the brain is involved in interpreting the emotional aspect of pain?
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Where do the third-order neurons of the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway terminate?
Where do the third-order neurons of the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway terminate?
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Which laminae in the spinal cord relay information related to pain, temperature, and crude touch?
Which laminae in the spinal cord relay information related to pain, temperature, and crude touch?
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Which tract is responsible for transmitting information about crude touch and pressure sensations?
Which tract is responsible for transmitting information about crude touch and pressure sensations?
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Which region of the brain is involved in interpreting the emotional aspect of pain?
Which region of the brain is involved in interpreting the emotional aspect of pain?
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Which tract carries proprioceptive input from muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint capsules?
Which tract carries proprioceptive input from muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint capsules?
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Where do the third-order neurons of the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway terminate?
Where do the third-order neurons of the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway terminate?
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Which tract carries information about pain, temperature, and touch to the brain?
Which tract carries information about pain, temperature, and touch to the brain?
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Which region of the brain is concerned with interpreting pain stimuli from internal organs and bringing about an autonomic response?
Which region of the brain is concerned with interpreting pain stimuli from internal organs and bringing about an autonomic response?
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Which tract is involved in providing afferent information for spinovisual reflexes?
Which tract is involved in providing afferent information for spinovisual reflexes?
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Which laminae in the spinal cord relay information related to pain, temperature, and touch?
Which laminae in the spinal cord relay information related to pain, temperature, and touch?
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Which tract ascends in the posterior white column before synapsing with the nucleus dorsalis at around the L3 or L4 spinal segment?
Which tract ascends in the posterior white column before synapsing with the nucleus dorsalis at around the L3 or L4 spinal segment?
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Which of the following receptors does the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway NOT transmit information from?
Which of the following receptors does the posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway NOT transmit information from?
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Where do the axons of 2nd order neurons cross to the opposite side?
Where do the axons of 2nd order neurons cross to the opposite side?
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Which laminae in the spinal cord relay information related to pain and temperature?
Which laminae in the spinal cord relay information related to pain and temperature?
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Where does the lateral spinothalamic tract terminate?
Where does the lateral spinothalamic tract terminate?
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Which nucleus in the spinal cord contains preganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerves?
Which nucleus in the spinal cord contains preganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerves?
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Which region of the brain receives input from the lateral spinothalamic tract?
Which region of the brain receives input from the lateral spinothalamic tract?
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What do laminae 1 and 5 of the spinal cord transmit?
What do laminae 1 and 5 of the spinal cord transmit?
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Which part of the spinal cord is specific to receiving proprioception?
Which part of the spinal cord is specific to receiving proprioception?
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Where are the receptors for pain and temperature located?
Where are the receptors for pain and temperature located?
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Which tract ascends in the contralateral white column as the lateral spinothalamic tract?
Which tract ascends in the contralateral white column as the lateral spinothalamic tract?
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What is the main function of Lamina 2 in the spinal cord?
What is the main function of Lamina 2 in the spinal cord?
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Study Notes
Posterior White Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway
- Modality: Discriminative Touch Sensation (includes Vibration) and Conscious Proprioception
- Receptors: Most receptors except free nerve endings
- 1st Neuron: Dorsal Root Ganglion
- 2nd Neuron: Dorsal Column Nuclei (Nucleus Gracilis and Cuneatus)
- 3rd Neuron: Thalamus (VPL)
- Termination: Primary Somesthetic Area (S I)
Pathway Components
- Posterior Column tract consists of:
- Fasciculus gracilis (transmits information from areas inferior to T6)
- Fasciculus cuneatus (transmits information from areas superior to T6)
- Medial lemniscus
- Medulla oblongata
Primary Somatosensory (SI) Cortex
- Axons from third-order thalamic neurons terminate in the primary somatosensory (SI) cortex
- Subdivided into four distinct areas:
- Brodmann areas 3a, 3b, 1, and 2
- Area 3a: muscle spindle afferents (mainly)
- Area 2: Golgi tendon organs, and joint afferents (mainly)
- Areas 3b and 1: receive cutaneous afferents from receptors such as Meissner corpuscles and Merkel cells
Lateral Spinothalamic Tract
- Modality: pain and temperature
- Receptors: free nerve endings
- 1st Neuron: Dorsal root ganglia
- 2nd Neuron: the posterior gray nuclei in column (substantia gelatinosa)
- 3rd Neuron: Thalamus (VPL)
- Termination: Primary Somesthetic Area (S I) and Widespread Cortical Region
Other Terminations of the Lateral Spinothalamic Tract
- Reticular formation: (majority of the slow pain fibers) individual becomes aware of the pain
- Cingulate gyrus: interpretation of the emotional aspect of pain
- Insular gyrus: concerned with the interpretation of pain stimuli from the internal organs of the body and brings about an autonomic response
Anterior Spinothalamic Tract
- Modality: crude touch and pressure
- Receptors: free nerve endings
- 1st Neuron: Dorsal root ganglia
- 2nd Neuron: the posterior gray column (nucleus proprius)
- 3rd Neuron: Thalamus (VPL)
- Termination: Primary Somesthetic Area (S I)
Spinocerebellar Tracts
- Posterior spinocerebellar tract: muscle and joint sensation
- 1st order neuron axons terminate at the base of post gray column (nucleus dorsalis or Clarks nucleus)
- 2nd order neurons ascend as the posterior spinocerebellar tract to medulla oblongata
- Termination: cerebellar cortex (through inferior cerebellar peduncle)
- Anterior spinocerebellar tract: muscle and joint sensation
- 1st order neuron axons terminate at the base of post gray column (nucleus dorsalis)
- 2nd order neurons ascend as the anterior spinocerebellar tract to medulla oblongata and pons
- Termination: cerebellar cortex (through superior cerebellar peduncle)
Rexed Laminae
- Lamina 1: relay information related to pain and temperature
- Lamina 2: relay information related to pain and temperature (pain modulation)
- Lamina 3 and 4: nucleus proprius; these laminae have many interneurons
- Lamina 5: relay information related to pain and temperature
- Lamina 6: presents only at the cervical and lumbar enlargements and receives proprioception
- Lamina 7: Intermedio-lateral nucleus, contains preganglionic fibers of sympathetic (T1 -L2). Intermedio-medial nucleus, all over the spinal cord, receive visceral pain. Dorsal nucleus of Clark’s presents at (C8 – L2 or T1L4), relay center for unconscious proprioception
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy and function of the Posterior White Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway involved in discriminative touch sensation like vibration and conscious proprioception. Explore the neural pathway from receptors to the somatosensory cortex.
