Postdam Conference and Cold War

False (B)

Atomic bomb

<p>July 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How to handle Germany (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harry Truman = Wanted a stable Germany Joseph Stalin = Wanted to cripple Germany completely Clement Atlee = Replaced Churchill during the conference Winston Churchill = Defeated in a July election</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Build up a Soviet empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The bombing of Hiroshima (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron Curtain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To coordinate communist parties in Eastern Europe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scale of the threat was exaggerated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The USA expressed alarm and concern over Stalin's takeover of Eastern Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poland = Communist government under Stalin Hungary = Communist government under Stalin Bulgaria = Communist government under Stalin Yugoslavia = Independent from Stalin's control</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To rebuild Europe’s prosperity and combat communism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>400</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$17 billion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extreme shortages of goods and high debt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Truman Doctrine = US policy to prevent the spread of communism Marshall Plan = Economic recovery aid for Western Europe Czechoslovakia coup 1948 = Communists took control of the government Greece and Turkey aid Bill = Initial financial support against communism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preventing a communist takeover (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greece and Turkey</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greece = Not controlled by communist government Czechoslovakia = Not controlled by communist government Italy = Vulnerable to communist takeover France = Vulnerable to communist takeover</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The civil war intensified (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communists and monarchists</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create markets for American goods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marshal Tito</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>COMECON, COMINFORM</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marshall Plan = U.S. aid to help rebuild European economies COMECON = Economic organization for Eastern Bloc countries Berlin Blockade = Soviet attempt to cut off West Berlin Yalta Conference = Meeting to discuss post-war Europe division</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$17 billion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He believed it would weaken his hold on Eastern Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blocked all supply lines to West Berlin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They conducted an airlift of supplies into the city.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>division</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Freedom behind the Iron Curtain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Berlin Blockade = Stalin's attempt to control access to West Berlin Airlift = Allies supplied West Berlin using airplanes Truman's Policy = Containment of Soviet influence Reopening of Communications = Stalin's recognition that blockade failed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

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The division of Europe into East and West, with communist governments controlled by Stalin in the East and fear of communist expansion in the West.

A secret organization established by Stalin in 1947 to coordinate communist parties in Eastern Europe.

The process of tightening control of communist parties in Eastern Europe by Stalin.

The impact of Truman's announcement about the atomic bomb on the USSR and its relationship with the USA.

The strategic goal of the USSR to gain control of Eastern Europe, achieving dominance over the region.

The initial reaction of the Western powers to Stalin's takeover of Eastern Europe.

The refusal of Japan to surrender to the USA after Truman revealed the atomic bomb.

The consequences of the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.

A policy adopted by the US in 1947 to provide financial and military aid to Greece and Turkey to prevent them from falling under communist influence.

The US policy of preventing the spread of communism after World War II.

A massive economic aid program launched by the US in 1948 to help rebuild war-torn Europe and prevent the spread of communism.

The event that solidified American support for the Marshall Plan. The communists took over the government of Czechoslovakia in 1948, despite the country's efforts to be independent of Moscow.

A term describing the devastated economic state of Europe following World War II.

The US's involvement in European affairs became a concern for Americans, who were increasingly apprehensive about the financial and strategic implications.

The economic aid package provided to Greece and Turkey in 1947 under the Truman Doctrine.

A leader of the communist party in Greece who, despite assurances from Stalin, did not intervene in the country's political affairs.

The idea that after WWII, the Eastern European countries should be allowed to have democratic governments that are friendly to the USSR. This idea was ultimately rejected, paving the way for communist domination in the region.

The policy by which Stalin greatly influenced Eastern European countries, turning them into Soviet satellite states. This went beyond the initial arrangement of "spheres of influence" agreed upon by the Allied powers.

The period when the US and Soviet Union clashed over influence in Eastern Europe, particularly in Greece and Turkey. These events marked the start of the Cold War.

The civil war in Greece between communist and monarchist forces. The US intervened to support the monarchists, preventing Greece from falling into the Soviet sphere.

The US's fear that the USSR would expand its influence into the Mediterranean region by gaining control of Turkey. This was seen as a threat to US interests in the Middle East, especially oil resources.

The American public's reluctance to support Truman's active role in global affairs, particularly regarding the cost and potential risks involved.

The US's commitment to stopping the spread of communism during the Cold War. This policy involved numerous interventions and support for allies.

A program launched by the US in 1948 to provide economic aid to war-torn European countries, aimed at preventing communist influence and promoting economic recovery.

A key player in the Cold War, he perceived the Marshall Plan as a Western attempt to undermine his influence and control over Eastern Europe.

A council formed by the Soviet Union after WWII to coordinate economic cooperation among communist states, a response to the Marshall Plan.

Created by the Soviet Union after WWII to coordinate information and propaganda among communist states, a response to the Marshall Plan.

The communist leader of Yugoslavia, he defied Soviet control and followed a more independent path for his country.

The division of Berlin into four sectors after World War II, with the Western Allies controlling West Berlin and the Soviets controlling East Berlin, led to the Berlin Blockade.

The Soviet attempt to isolate West Berlin by blocking all land access in 1948, a major crisis in the early Cold War.

The Western response to the Berlin Blockade, consisting of airlifting supplies to West Berlin, a successful demonstration of Western resolve and a key event in the Cold War.

Harry S. Truman, the 33rd President of the United States, took office after the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was a strong anti-communist and had serious concerns about Soviet intentions in Eastern Europe. He viewed Soviet actions as a threat to the stability of postwar Europe and a potential prelude to Soviet domination.

The successful development and testing of the atomic bomb by the United States created a sense of overwhelming power, but it also ushered in a new era of international relations marked by fear and unease. The potential for devastating destruction altered how the superpowers interacted, shaping a new world order.

The Potsdam Conference was marked by disagreements between the Allied powers, particularly over the future of Germany and the Soviet Union's actions in Eastern Europe. The conference highlighted the growing tension between the US and the USSR, setting the stage for the Cold War.

Stalin wanted to severely weaken Germany to prevent future aggression against the Soviet Union. He envisioned a divided Germany with significant restrictions. Truman, however, believed that such a strategy would only lead to instability and bitterness, echoing the flaws of the Treaty of Versailles after World War I.

The Soviet Union, devastated by the war, sought significant reparations from Germany to compensate for its losses. Stalin demanded $10 billion to rebuild its economy and infrastructure. Truman, however, feared repeating the mistakes of World War I, which led to instability in Europe. He resisted the Soviet demands.

Stalin's actions in Eastern Europe, installing pro-Soviet governments, raised concerns for Truman. He viewed it as an attempt to build a Soviet empire in Europe. Stalin justified his actions as a necessary measure to protect the Soviet Union from future attacks. This clash in perspectives underscored the growing distrust between the two superpowers.

At Yalta, Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill agreed on the establishment of pro-Soviet governments in Eastern Europe. However, Truman, following Roosevelt's death, saw the USSR's actions in Eastern Europe as violations of the Yalta agreements and a clear sign of Soviet expansionist ambitions.

The Potsdam Conference, held in July 1945, brought together the Allied leaders, Truman, Stalin, and Clement Atlee (who replaced Churchill), but it failed to bridge the growing divide between the US and the USSR. The conference highlighted deep ideological differences and solidified the onset of the Cold War, a period of global tension and mistrust.

In 1949, the three Western powers combined their zones in Germany to form West Germany, which prompted Stalin to block all access to West Berlin, hoping to force the West out and make it entirely dependent on the USSR.

The Berlin Blockade was a test of strength between the Soviet Union and the Western powers. Stalin believed that by cutting off supplies to West Berlin, he could force the West out and establish complete Soviet control. However, Truman, determined to uphold the policy of containment, launched the Berlin Airlift.

The Berlin Airlift marked a turning point in the Cold War, showing the resolve of the West to resist Soviet pressure and demonstrating the effectiveness of air power in a conflict. It also highlighted the strategic importance of Berlin in the early Cold War.

The Berlin Blockade and Airlift ultimately failed to achieve Stalin's objective of controlling West Berlin. It strengthened the resolve of the Western Allies, ultimately contributing to the division of Germany into two nations.

The Berlin Blockade illustrated the strategic importance of communication and transportation in a Cold War context. Stalin's attempt to cut off West Berlin highlighted the crucial role of transport networks and the potential impact of blockades on global stability.

The Berlin Blockade revealed the tensions and strategic rivalry between the Soviet Union and the Western powers. Stalin's actions demonstrated the Soviet Union's determination to assert its influence in Europe, while the Western allies' response highlighted their commitment to containing Soviet expansionism.

The Berlin Blockade served as a symbolic event in the early Cold War, highlighting the ideological and ideological conflicts between the communist East and the capitalist West. It demonstrated the potential for conflict over the control of territory and the spread of different political systems.