Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the Red Scare?
What is the Red Scare?
What were the main causes of the Red Scare?
What were the main causes of the Red Scare?
World War I, the Bolshevik Revolution, the end of WWI, and anarchists mailing bombs.
When did the first Red Scare occur?
When did the first Red Scare occur?
Just after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution and during WWI.
What triggered the second Red Scare?
What triggered the second Red Scare?
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What was HUAC?
What was HUAC?
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What was the goal of the Loyalty Program initiated by Truman?
What was the goal of the Loyalty Program initiated by Truman?
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What were the Hollywood 10 accused of?
What were the Hollywood 10 accused of?
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Who were the Rosenbergs?
Who were the Rosenbergs?
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What was Alger Hiss accused of?
What was Alger Hiss accused of?
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What did the Soviet Union achieve in 1949?
What did the Soviet Union achieve in 1949?
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What was the goal of the Korean War?
What was the goal of the Korean War?
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What conflict began in 1965 involving U.S. soldiers?
What conflict began in 1965 involving U.S. soldiers?
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Study Notes
Red Scare Overview
- Red Scare refers to the promotion of fear regarding radical leftism and communism, often amplified by media coverage.
Causes of the Red Scare
- Post-World War I, nationalism and anti-immigrant sentiments intensified.
- The 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia fueled fears of an uprising among immigrants from Russia and Eastern/Southern Europe.
- Economic downturn after WWI led to rising unemployment and increased labor strikes, heightening fears of radicalism.
- Anarchists’ bombing campaigns targeting notable Americans contributed to the hysteria surrounding potential subversion.
The First Red Scare
- Occurred post-1917 Bolshevik Revolution, during WWI when patriotism was high and social tensions escalated.
- Widespread belief that a Bolshevik-like revolution could occur in the U.S.
The Second Red Scare
- Followed World War II, driven by fears of communist espionage amid geopolitical tensions such as the Berlin Blockade and major civil wars in Korea and China.
- Revelations of American officials spying for the Soviet Union exacerbated public anxiety.
HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee)
- Established in 1945 to investigate disloyalty and subversion in the U.S.
- Utilized aggressive tactics to blacklisting individuals and threatening livelihoods, despite minimal actual communist presence.
Loyalty Program/Executive Order 9835
- Implemented by President Truman to purge potential communists from government roles.
- Resulted in perceived widespread infiltration, with only 300 individuals dismissed for disloyalty.
Hollywood 10
- Group of Hollywood writers suspected of promoting communist viewpoints in film.
- Out of 43 accused, only 10 were charged; all were subsequently blacklisted from the industry.
Rosenbergs
- Julius and Ethel Rosenberg became the first individuals executed for espionage in 1953, accused of relaying atomic secrets to the USSR.
- Controversial trial face criticism due to perceived lack of evidence; current beliefs suggest Ethel may not have been a spy.
Alger Hiss
- Accused of communist affiliation by former communist Whittaker Chambers in 1948.
- Convicted of perjury, despite never being tried for treason; involvement in the Yalta Conference heightened suspicions.
Soviet Union and Atomic Bomb
- The U.S. developed its atomic bomb in 1945, but the USSR surprised many by testing its own bomb four years later.
- This event initiated the technological space race and showcased Soviet advancements.
Korean War
- 1950-1953 conflict striving to unify Korea post-Japanese occupation; North Korea was communist, while South Korea adopted capitalism.
- The U.S. intervened to prevent communism's spread, resulting in extensive casualties, including 40,000 American deaths.
Vietnam War
- Began with U.S. military involvement in 1965 to assist South Vietnam against the communist North.
- Public opinion turned against the war, despite government efforts to justify participation.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Explore the causes and effects of the Red Scare in Chapter 13. These flashcards will help you understand the fear of radical leftism following World War I and its implications in society. Perfect for reinforcing your knowledge on this critical historical event.
