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What was the purpose of the Cominform?
What was the purpose of the Cominform?
The Cominform aimed to unite various communist parties in Europe and provide a way for them to collaborate. It also served as a way for the Soviet Union to control these parties and ensure their loyalty.
What were the main factors that contributed to the Korean War?
What were the main factors that contributed to the Korean War?
The Korean War was sparked by North Korea's invasion of South Korea in 1950. The North Korean invasion was supported by the Soviet Union, while the United States responded by sending troops to support South Korea.
What was the primary objective of the Marshall Plan?
What was the primary objective of the Marshall Plan?
What event led to the establishment of NATO?
What event led to the establishment of NATO?
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What was the main reason for the Berlin Uprising in 1953?
What was the main reason for the Berlin Uprising in 1953?
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What were the main reasons for the establishment of the Warsaw Pact?
What were the main reasons for the establishment of the Warsaw Pact?
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Why did the US intervene in the Vietnam War?
Why did the US intervene in the Vietnam War?
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What were the main factors that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union?
What were the main factors that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union?
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What were the primary goals of the Arab Spring?
What were the primary goals of the Arab Spring?
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What was the first peace talks amongst the allied powers called?
What was the first peace talks amongst the allied powers called?
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What was the second peace talks following Yalta called?
What was the second peace talks following Yalta called?
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What was the name of the war that began in Greece after the independence of Greece?
What was the name of the war that began in Greece after the independence of Greece?
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What was the name of the organisation established on the 6th of October, 1947, which sought to replace the old Comintern, which existed before the war?
What was the name of the organisation established on the 6th of October, 1947, which sought to replace the old Comintern, which existed before the war?
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What year was the communist party in Czechoslovakia able to establish full control of the country through the Prague Coup?
What year was the communist party in Czechoslovakia able to establish full control of the country through the Prague Coup?
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What year did the US Congress send Marshall Plan funds to Europe, in order to counter the perceived threat of Communism?
What year did the US Congress send Marshall Plan funds to Europe, in order to counter the perceived threat of Communism?
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What year did the western allies decide to merge their respective zones, establishing the “Trizone”?
What year did the western allies decide to merge their respective zones, establishing the “Trizone”?
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What year did the western European allies establish a military alliance, known as NATO, in response to the Berlin Blockade?
What year did the western European allies establish a military alliance, known as NATO, in response to the Berlin Blockade?
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What year did the Chinese Communist party win the civil war and take control of China?
What year did the Chinese Communist party win the civil war and take control of China?
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What year did the Soviets attempt to kick out the allies of West Berlin by starting a blockade over the Soviet-surrounded West Berlin?
What year did the Soviets attempt to kick out the allies of West Berlin by starting a blockade over the Soviet-surrounded West Berlin?
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What year did India gain its independence from British rule and was subsequently divided into two nations, India and Pakistan?
What year did India gain its independence from British rule and was subsequently divided into two nations, India and Pakistan?
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What year did the Korean War begin?
What year did the Korean War begin?
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The Marshall Plan was primarily intended to combat the spread of Communism in Europe.
The Marshall Plan was primarily intended to combat the spread of Communism in Europe.
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What was the purpose of the Berlin Blockade?
What was the purpose of the Berlin Blockade?
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What was the main objective of the Schuman Plan?
What was the main objective of the Schuman Plan?
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What was the main objective of the 'Great Leap Forward' initiative in China?
What was the main objective of the 'Great Leap Forward' initiative in China?
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What was the main catalyst for the Cuban Missile Crisis?
What was the main catalyst for the Cuban Missile Crisis?
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What was the primary objective of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China?
What was the primary objective of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China?
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What was the key event that led to the Prague Spring?
What was the key event that led to the Prague Spring?
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What was the primary reason for the US involvement in the Vietnam War?
What was the primary reason for the US involvement in the Vietnam War?
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What was the main factor that led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union?
What was the main factor that led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union?
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What were the main causes of the Yugoslav Civil War?
What were the main causes of the Yugoslav Civil War?
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What was the main objective of the Arab Spring?
What was the main objective of the Arab Spring?
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Study Notes
Post-War Europe
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Yalta Conference (February 1945): Allied powers (Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin) met in Crimea to discuss post-war Europe. Key agreements included a Soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, free and fair elections, and punishment of Nazi war criminals. The allies were mindful of the ongoing war in the Pacific and needed Soviet assistance.
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Potsdam Conference (July 1945): Followed Yalta. With Japan and Germany defeated, tensions rose between the US (Truman) and the Soviets. Disagreements arose over reparations from Germany and Soviet influence in Eastern Europe. The occupation of Germany was a solution that remained unresolved. The US president was less willing to be "nice" to Stalin due to his anti-communist views. The US presidency of Truman as opposed to Roosevelt marked a shift in policy towards Stalin.
Greek Civil War
- (1946-1949) Conflict in Greece after WWII. Greek Communists, supported by neighboring communist states, rebelled against the monarchy. Initially, the USSR did not extensively assist the Greek communists, as agreed upon spheres of influence with the British were kept in mind, and the Soviet Union did not want open confrontation with the UK.
India's Independence
- (August 1947): India gained independence from British rule. The division of the country along religious lines (Hindu majority India and Muslim majority Pakistan) resulted in significant conflicts and ongoing tensions. The division was along religious lines and this led to significant conflict and tension moving forward. The partition of British India also led to large-scale population displacement and violence.
Cominform
- (October 1947): Founded in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, the Cominform was a group of communist parties in Europe, which coordinated their strategies, and ensured loyalty to the Soviet Union.
Prague Coup
- (1948): Hardline communist took control of Czechoslovakia. This event solidified the need for the Marshall Plan. This was a key event in the Cold War.
Marshall Plan
- (1948): US initiative to aid in the reconstruction of Europe post-World War II. The plan aimed to prevent the spread of communism through economic assistance. This assistance was significant in preventing further countries from falling to communism.
Berlin Blockade
- (1948-1949): The Soviets blocked Allied access to West Berlin. The Allies responded with airlifts to supply West Berlin, creating a major international crisis. This demonstrated the growing divide between East and West Europe.
Establishment of NATO
- (April 1949): Western European Allies formed a military alliance to counter a potential Soviet threat.
Germany Divided
- (May 1949): Division of Germany into Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and German Democratic Republic (East Germany). Occurred following the Berlin Blockade. This physical division made the situation clearer for the world.
Chinese Civil War
- (1949): Communist victory. Nationalist forces retreated to Taiwan, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China. This was a major concern for the US and strengthened their view of expanding communism. Communism becoming strong in another country was a direct concern for the US government.
Korean War
- (1950-1953): Conflict on the Korean peninsula, with the North supported by the USSR and the South by the US. The war resulted in a stalemate and division of Korea.
Agrarian Reform Law
- (1950): In China, law redistributed land to peasants, impacting agrarian society and power structures. This had a profound effect on Chinese society greatly changing the balance of agricultural power in the country.
Establishment of ECSC
- (1951): European Coal and Steel Community created as a first step in European economic integration. The initial step towards integration in Europe.
Stalin's Death
- (1953): Death of Stalin, ushered in a new political era in the USSR, affecting relations with many countries.
Hungarian Revolution
- (1956): Anti-Soviet uprising in Hungary. The Soviet Union brutally suppressed the revolt demonstrating their commitment to maintaining control of Eastern Europe. The suppression further highlighted the Soviets determination to maintain control.
Suez Crisis
- (1956): Conflict over control of the Suez Canal. The crisis highlighted the ongoing tensions between the superpowers, and involvement by the UK, France, and Israel. This demonstrated the growing complex international relations and heightened tensions.
Cuban Revolution
- (1959): Fidel Castro led communist revolution, resulting in a close relationship between Cuba and the USSR.
Congo's Independence
- (1960): Independence from Belgium after WWII left the Congo facing the political instability. The country faced ethnic tensions, and military struggles following the independence.
Great Leap Forward
- (1958-1962): China's program for rapid industrialization and collectivization, resulting in famine and economic disruption.
U-2 Incident
- (1960): US spy plane shot down over the Soviet Union. The incident heightened Cold War tensions.
Berlin Wall
- (1961): Construction of the Berlin Wall to prevent East Germans from fleeing to West Germany. This further solidified the divided nature of Europe.
Cuban Missile Crisis
- (1962): Major Cold War confrontation over Soviet missiles in Cuba. The crises highlighted the risks of possible nuclear war.
Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
- (1966-1969): China's political and social upheaval initiated by Mao Zedong. Thousands of people were persecuted or even executed.
Paris May
- (1968): Protests in Paris, reflecting wider societal unrest and student demonstrations seeking change. Similar feelings of unrest were evidently occurring around Europe and the world at the time.
Vietnam War
- (1946-1975): U.S. involvement in the Vietnam war begins. Conflict between communist North Vietnam and anti-communist South Vietnam. Extensive US involvement ensued resulting in international outcry and significant US casualties.
Oil Crisis
- (1973): Arab oil embargo impacted global economies, raising oil prices.
Death of Franco
- (1975): Death of the dictator of Spain and subsequent shift to a democratic government.
Détente
- (1967-1979): Period of reduced tension between the US and the USSR during the Cold War.
Death of Mao
- (1976): Death of Mao Zedong. This marked the beginning of a new period in Chinese politics and society.
Tiananmen Square Protests
- (1989): Protests in China against government policies. The protests were quelled by force and many people were arrested.
Fall of the Berlin Wall
- (1989): Fall of the Berlin Wall marked the end of the division of Germany. It also signified the end of the Cold War division of Europe.
Dissolution of the USSR
- (1991): Disintegration of the Soviet Union and end of the Soviet communist state.
Yugoslav Civil War
- (1991-1995): The conflict was a result of the breakup of Yugoslavia, marked by ethnic conflicts and violence.
Establishment of the EU
- (1992): The European Union was formally established, further integrating Europe's economies and politics.
Lisbon Treaty
- (2007): Treaty that sought to make the EU more democratic, efficient, and transparent.
Arab Spring
- (2010-2012): Series of anti-government protests and revolutions in several Arab countries, leading to significant political shifts.
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Description
Explore the pivotal events of post-war Europe, including the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences, where key agreements shaped the future of Eastern Europe. Delve into the Greek Civil War, a conflict fueled by communist interests opposing the monarchy. This quiz covers significant historical developments from 1945 to 1949.
